Sound Localization

1
Sound Localization

• Location by Vision vs Sound

2
Sound Localization

• Interaural Time Difference

3
Sound Localization

• Interaural Time Difference
• Response of a neuron in the Superior Olive to the
  interaural time difference.

4
Sound Localization

• Interaural Time Difference
• Response of a neuron in the Superior Olive to the
  interaural time difference.

5
Sound Localization

• Interaural Time Difference
• Response of a neuron in the Superior Olive to the
  interaural time difference.

6
Sound Localization

• Interaural Level Difference

7
Sound Localization

• Interaural Level Difference

8
Sound Localization

• Interaural Level Difference

9
Sound Localization

• Vertical localization

10
Sound Localization

• Directional transfer function or Head-related
  transfer function

11
Sound Localization

• Echoes and distance cues
• These work with the Directional Transfer Function
  to provide location cues

12
Sound Localization

• Precedence Effect We tend to perceive the
  location of a sound source as the first speaker
  that played the sound

When sound time delays were 1ms Ss heard sound
from the first speaker alone. When delays were
5ms Ss heard two sounds. The point at which Ss
hear two sounds is the echo threshold
13
Sound Localization

• The response of neurons to sound locations
  virtual space receptive field

14
Sound Localization

• Panoramic
• Neurons

15
Sound Localization

• Near the Head Neurons
• Neuron fires most when sound is at location 2 but
  only when the sound is within 30cm of the head.