Binh Thu Yu Luc Fundamental Military Strategy

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Binh Thu Y?u Lu?cFundamental Military Strategy

• By Prince Hung Ð?o Tr?n Qu?c Tu?n
• ???

Presented And Translated to English by Nguyen
Quoc Dat 2nd Dan Aikido Yoseikan First Edition
For Educational Purposes No Further
Distribution Saturday, June 27,
2008 Http//www.HoaSiTuDo.com
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• Click and double click any where to Continue
  through the presentation

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• For My Fatherland
• My Parents and my little sister

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• FEW LINES ABOUT ME
• BA Economics, Political Economy, Minor
  Administration 2005
• Former M.A. student in National Security Studies
  at CSUSB 2006
• Research Interests
• EuroAsian Strategic Studies
• Political Philosophy, Human Nature, War and
  Peace, Diplomacy, and International Affairs
• Strategic Intelligence, Arms Control, (Nuclear
  Weapon Proliferation and Strategic Weapon
  Disarmaments)
• US Army, injured ex-Soldier, 2007, Rank E-4 (Ha
  Si Nhat, Chickenhawk Specialist)?
• Awarded 2nd Dan Aikido Yoseikan, Instructor
  Assistance, March 2008
• Practical Interests in Martial Arts
• Competitions (both Kata and Combat)?
• Combination Techniques Development
• Warrior Way (Bushido) and Swordsmanship
  philosophy

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• Updated Monday, August 25, 2008

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• The Senate of a Vietnamese Republic. The Term
  Diên H?ng was the first National Assembly
  established in 1284 AD

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• Goal of This Presentation
• To Understand the questions W.W.W.W.H.Y (Who,
  What, Where, When, How, Why) as Political
  Statesmen and Military Servants.
• To provide summary and analyses for student of
  military arts and martial sciences on the
  universal theory and practice of strategies for
  Peace in employment of Diplomacy, political
  affairs and Military operations which published
  by Prince Tran Hung Dao as manual for Vietnamese
  military leaders and National Security Officials
  since 12th century

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I Shall Return-General Douglas MacArthur
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Require Readings

• Binh Thu Y?u Lu?c Tr?n Hung Ð?o (Fundamental
  of Military Strategy) Que Me 1988 Edition
  Translated by Nguy?n Ng?c T?nh from Han Nom (old
  Vietnamese language)?
• 2001 Ð? M?ng Khuong, Nguy?n Ng?c T?nh

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The Prince Profile

• Vietnamese General in Chief (1228 1300 A.D.)?
• Multiple victories over the mighty Mongol Yuan
  Dynasty under Kublai Khan
• Warrior (Samurai) and a Strategist (Bushido) with
  a number of important written works in military
  and strategic studies
• Distinguish Civil-Political duties and Military
  Affairs
• Famous Quote If your majesty want to surrender,
  then behead me first.
• Retreat/Regroup/Reform to counterattack does not
  mean Surrender
• Way is in Strategy to win total devotion of the
  troop and hearts and minds of the people
• Defeat the Enemies at all cost to save the King
• Leadership is more important than lands

Prince Tr?n Hung Ð?o
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• Dùng Trí mà tr? thiên h?, thiên h? ph?c trí,
  nhung trí không th?ng. Dùng phép mà tr? thiên h?,
  thiên h? ph?c phép, nhung phép không th?ng. Trí
  và phép không ph?i cái hay trong cái hay. B?t
  thánh võ tr? d?i, dánh ? ch? không có thành, công
  ? ch? không có luy, chi?n ? ch? không có tr?n,
  nh? nhàn nhu mua trên không, d?ng nên cu?c d?i vô
  s?.
• --Binh Tho Y?u Lu?c (p.55)?

Second Battle of B?ch Ð?ng River 1285 by Dat
Nguyen
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• The Use of Intelligence to rule the people is to
  make obedience to Intelligence, but Intelligence
  can not achieve ultimate victory. Similarly, the
  use of law and legal enforcement to rule the
  people is to make obedience to the laws (but not
  rule of law). That is not total victory either.
  Neither Intelligence and Law Enforcement are the
  best strategy of best strategies. The
  Warrior-philosopher who rule under heaven attack
  weakness of the enemy where they have no forts,
  strike at place they have no traps, and to fight
  where there is no battle reparation. Best
  Strategy is just like light rain falling down
  from thin air, creating peaceful minds.
• --Binh Tho Y?u Lu?c (p.55)?

Battle of B?ch Ð?ng River 1285
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Can you imagine what I would do if I could do all
I can? --Sun Tzu
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Myth and Information about inaccuracy, Lost and
Found Binh Thu Y?u Lu?c

• LOST
• Tran Trong Kim, PM of the State of Vietnam in
  1945, also a well known historian noted in his
  book that Binh Thu Y?u Lu?c were destroyed and
  original copies were taken to China.
• FOUND
• Other scholars said that they found copies Binh
  Thu Y?u Lu?c in North Vietnam, other claimed
  that they found similar copies in Japanese
  Imperial collection Library in the 20s-30s(?),
  Taiwanese National Library, etc.
• WHY SHOULD WE READ?
• The originality of this book is still
  questionable to many whether this copy is truly
  written by Prince Tran Hung Dao or it is a
  product that were co-written by many generations
  of Vietnamese strategists and war-fighters in the
  past centuries. Nevertheless, it is still a good
  reading for those who have interests in the Art
  of Defenses, Military, National Security and
  Strategic Studies.

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• H?ch Tu?ng Si Proclamation to His Officer

Why we read? Vietnamese politico Military
strategist must learn the Principles of Military
Strategies for national security purposes. Or
else, they would become Tr?n Hung Ð?os enemies
if they refused to learn and to fight the Mongol
invaders for national security and interests.
Nay ta ch?n l?c binh pháp các nhà h?p thành m?t
tuy?n, g?i là Binh Thu Y?u Lu?c. N?u các nguoi
bi?t chuyên t?p sách này, theo l?i ta d?y b?o,
thì tr?n d?i là th?n t? nhu?c b?ng khinh b? sách
này, trái l?i ta d?y b?o thì tr?n d?i là ngh?ch
thù. Tr?n Hung Ð?o
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Proclamation in Han-Nom (old Vietnamese)?
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Book 1
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• BOOK 1
• Chapter 1 Thiên Tu?ng (Heavenly Signs)?
• Chapter 2 Kén M? (Recruitment)?
• Chapter 3 Ch?n Tu?ng (Recruitment of General)?
• Chapter 4 Ð?o làm Tu?ng (Way of General)?
• Chapter 5 Kén Luy?n (Training)?
• Chapter 6 Military Life (Appendices Promotion
  and Punishment)?
• Chapter 7 Hiring and Selection of Lieutenants
  and Secretaries
• Chapter 8 Quân C? (Military Equipment)?
• Chapter 9 Hi?u L?nh (Signals)?

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CHAPTER 1
Chapter 1
For Political Climate Changes and Military
Operations

• Astrological Signs and Weather Forecast

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Chapter 1

• Astrological Awareness
• Ancient people and Tran Hung Dao perhaps believe
  that Stars, including shooting/Fallen or Rising
  Stars, provides certain information of lives
  under heaven
• Adaptation and exploitation of Natural conditions
  to fight the Battles/Wars/Theaters
• Like other highly respectful cultures or
  civilizations, Vietnamese military commanders and
  those who served under Tran Hung Dao was taught
  to pilot an Army. They also rely on astrological
  timing and interpretation of the Cosmo in order
  to execute a mission which they believe that they
  did make all calculation of all possibilities
  including studying predictive intelligence from
  signals and the movement of the heavenly bodies
  that influence human political affairs on Earth.
• Rather know than dont know.
• Tran Hung Dao therefore always takes into account
  all heavenly signs and earthly signs in order to
  calculate his strategies.
• It is important to bear in mind that Tran Hung
  Dao understand the relationship between human
  nature, nature, and his military missions.

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Dealing Natural/Weather and Political Climates
Chapter 1

• During politically stormy or bad weather,
  visibility is poor. In the fog of war, any
  Commanders in Charge must realize
• Communication problems. Many confuse. What to do?
  
• It is the job of the commander.
• Defensive Position strongly Recommended
• Constantly repeat your orders so that you
  motivate your forces
• Keep your plan unchanged
• Be calm if you are under attack
• Use Shield to cover ballistic projectiles
• Fire from stable positions
• Launch Counterattack whenever the enemies on the
  move
• Reduce military and political gambling risks by
  using intelligence
• Intelligence does not mean espionage
• Less Intelligence Less Visibility More Risk
  More Bloodshed Generating more smoke during the
  fog of war
• Sometimes no problem is solved because problems
  created more problems
• Keep things simple

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Chapter 1

• Besides monitoring astrological signs
• Ensure his strategic intelligence and political
  climates by all tools including using
  superstitious psychology warfare as intelligence
  and political propaganda substance
• Inform his fellow military commanders
• how to operate their forces under the fog of war
• strategic and tactical relationship between
  weather and military operations which discussed
  in the first several chapters of his book.
• In order to WIN a war military commanders have to
  deal with the trinity
• People
• Government
• The Army.
• In that sense, Tran Hung Dao separates
  city/political Climate and military operations.
  (Which animal are you? Soldiers or
  Policymakers?). He said
• Those who live a political life in the court
  shall not involve the military life
• Those who live a military life shall not involve
  with political affairs

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Chapter 1
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Politicians and Legal professionals do not need
to become strategic military professionals.
However, Military professionals should have the
knowledge to work with legal and political
affairs, although military professionals should
not involve with political affairs in the Court.
In fact, those who live a political life in the
court shall not involve the military life. Those
who live a military life shall not involve with
political affairs
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Chapter 1
Tran Hung Dao clearly drew a thin line with his
sword to separate political affairs and
strategic and tactical military operations in the
name of National Security. Tran Hung Dao
empowered Emperor Tran Nhan Tong by
saying -If the your majesty wants to
surrender, then behead me first (N?u B? H? Mu?n
Ð?u Hàng, thì hãy chém d?u th?n tru?c
dã!)? Tran Hung Dao is not a politician or a
Statesman but a warrior-prince who protected the
Kingdom of Dai Viet from external and internal
threats
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Constitution of a Vietnamese Republic
Chapter 1
Executive Power
Check and Balance System
Judicial Power
Legislative Power
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Constitution of Vietnamese Republics
Constitution of Republic of Vietnam I, 1956
(Similar to New Jersey Plan, it has an unicameral
Congress, one house Assembly)
Constitution of Republic of Vietnam II, 1967
(Similar to Virginia Plan, it has a Bicameral
Congress)? Article 23 1- Military Personnel
elected into civil offices, or selected nominee
into central government administrative offices
must be discharged or On-Leave without salary.
The elected/selected military personnel can
choose one from that two options. 2 No
Military Personnel can be involved with political
partisan activities.
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What if people confused and refused to understand
differences in military/political affairs?
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Chapter 1
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CHAPTER 2

• Tr?n Hung Ð?o
• Army Recruitment of Soldiers

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Chapter 2
In Memory of Phan Boi Chau
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Chapter 2

• The Strong Army has five requirements
• Fully Upgraded Equipment
• Adequate Mechanized Units and Number of Soldiers
• Effectiveness and Efficiency
• Training good soldiers
• Talented Commanders/Generals

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Chapter 2

• Trân Hung Ð?o Guideline recruitment (cont)?
• Prince Tr?n Hung Ð?o states
• Every soldiers should recommend whom who fit to
  fight
• Best are thieves
• Second to best are trouble makers
• Third are jobless categories

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Chapter 2
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Chapter 2

• An Effective Army which is a strong force is not
  composed by numbers. We only select only the
  strongphysically and mentally. We will not draft
  the weak to fill up the demand. The best recruits
  are those who are belong to a large family of
  brothers and sisters, single parents, and the
  poor.
• --Tr?n Hung Ð?o

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CHAPTER 3
Chapter 3

• Tr?n Hung Ð?o
• Recruitment of Generals

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Chapter 4
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Chapter 3

• Selection of Generals
• There are 8 methods of evaluation people
• Clarity in Answering Questions
• Using Reverse Psychology to determine flip-flop
• Spy them in order to know if they are truly loyal
• Interview them in order to read their virtue from
  articulation of philosophy
• Trying to corrupt them with money and bribery
• Using beautiful women to seduce them
• Using hardship and difficult task to test their
  courage
• Get them drunk to test their behavior
• A person who choose good generals must learn to
  be good chooser of Generals.

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Chapter 3

• There are two types of Generals
• Hard Headed muscle no brain Commanders
• Good in Siege of forts and occupied lands
• Good in Offensive strategy Attack means
  defense
• Intelligence Green Broccoli Commanders
• Good in Knowing enemies strength and weakness
• Good in modifying current strategies to adapt to
  new strategic environment and evolution of
  tactics in the battlefield
• As a general rule,
• Green Broccoli gt Hard headed no brain
• Software gt Hardware
• David gt Goliad

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Chapter 3

• How do you know a General is not Intelligence?
• Test them to see their talents
• Provoke them to see how they react
• If they have any reaction, they are stupid or
  hard headed
• You bait them with glory, money, in order to see
  if you can fish these kind of personnel
• If they underestimate the enemies, you beat them
  with forces in order to capture their services

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Chapter 3

• How do you know a General is Intelligence?
• Similarly, you test them to see their talents
• Provoke them to see how they react
• If they have no reaction, they are nice (Again,
  we want Good but not nice)?
• It is hard to fight with them with your
  intelligence. You should use your military
  regulations to challenge their intelligence
• If no one surrendered in a legal fight, while
  both continually using regulations to challenge
  others, you use intelligence/reasons to point out
  their weaknesses

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Chapter 3

• That is how you fight with strategy transform
  your enemies/opponents/challengers
• Challenge hard heads Generals by using your
  hardware but you must make hardware become
  liquidized/soft.
• Challenge soft brain Generals by using your
  software but you must make your software become
  solid/harder
• Best strategy is never attack their strength but
  weakness. Water wears out rock as hard as rocks
  block the water. Every body has some!
• Sun Tzu said Know your enemy and know yourself
  and you can fight a hundred battles without
  disaster.

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Chapter 3

• Be careful, Sun Tzu said
• All War is deception

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Chapter 4

• KEYWORDS
• I would consent to any GREAT evil to avoid a
  GREATER one
• --Abraham Lincoln

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Chapter 3

• Philosophy of using Generals

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Chapter 3

• First strategy
• Empower Generals/Commanders
• Listen to their advises
• Listen to their advises
• Listen to their advises
• It is important, Tran Hung Dao says, that the
  weakness of the military creatures in general is
  lack of philosophical background
• Suntzu, Clausewitz, and even Musashi (Japanese
  Kendo Saint) are good in fighting strategy but
  according to students Confucius these military
  creatures hardly run a State

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CHAPTER 4
Chapter 4

• Philosophy/Science or Way of being A Good
  General

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Chapter 4

• In military affairs, one thing any General must
  learn to perform
• 1 Issue Be Quiet, Be Quiet, Be Quiet.
• Advantages of being silence
• Silent warfare secret operations
• Surprise with new wave of attacks
• Superior to noise and chaos by being quiet or
  idling tactics
• Secret Deceptive planning to counterespionage and
  intelligence/information warfare

Saint Gióng
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Chapter 4

• Way of General (Cont)?
• Be a Secretary of Strategy
• Keep things secret, fuzzy and unclear to the
  enemies
• Establishing an Agenda to Win
• Do not sacrifice more for little gain
• If there is no chance to win a battle or war,
  change position to counterattack
• Establishing an Agenda for Deception. Two
  scenarios
• Agenda to Do X operation, but cancel X operation,
  in order to get people to think so, but
  surprisingly execute X operation
• Agenda to Cancel X operation, but execute X
  operation, in order to get people to think so,
  but surprisingly cancel X operation (you can
  execute Y operation in the same time.)
• Thats how you do your math to capture enemies
  officers and destroyed their forces

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Chapter 4

• Way of General
• Be a soldier, eating with soldiers, live like
  soldiers, talk like soldiers, share their pain,
  sorrow, suffering share the hardship with them
  as you share your victory, gain, happiness,
  medals with veterans of war in order to get them
  forget wars that you all suffered. People
  remembered you who sacrificed but you who
  sacrificed should never asked no one to do so.
• Number 1 mission of a general
• teaching your troop to perform self-sacrifice as
  a duty in battle (for God, King, Fatherland?)?
• Root of Warrior is seeking to go to danger zone
• Princes/Generals fought and died together with
  their soldiers
• Tr?n Qu?c To?n (recruited an Army himself)
• Tr?n Bình Tr?ng

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• Princes/Generals must also frequently follow
  the chase, whereby his body will become inured to
  hardships, and he will become familiar with the
  character ofthe country, and learn where the
  mountains rise and the valleys debouch, and how
  the plains lie he will learn to know the nature
  of rivers and of the swamps, to all of which he
  should give the greatest attention. For this
  knowledge is valuable in many ways to the prince,
  who thereby learns to know his own country, and
  can therefore better understand its defence.
• --Chapter 14, The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli

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Chapter 4

• Way of General Si Vis Pacem, Para Bellum
• Commander of Armies should have complete control
  of military operations by telling politicians to
  back off.
• Be a Dictator in making decision of Offensive or
  Defensive military operations
• To Dominate the war is like turning power switch
  on and off
• Reform or Retreat in orderly fashion or with
  strategic plan has nothing to do with defeat
• Defeat No Fight Surrendered ? Or Run for
  your life
• Being lazy as being productive, making enemies
  work hard
• Creating operation to Wear out their intelligence
  and Armed Forces
• Capture their entire leaderships pack of
  services as well
• Make them work or think for your benefit
• Being a BIGGEST DOG in the world as Roman Proverb
  said Si Vis Pacem, Para Bellum (If you want
  peace, Prepare War)
• making enemies to be afraid of attacking you
• People are afraid of people in a period of time.
  But people are always afraid of Warrior Spirit
  for eternity (Mot Thoi So Nguoi, Nghin Nam So
  Tinh Than)

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Chapter 4
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Chapter 4

• The Use of Intelligence to rule the people is to
  make obedience to Intelligence, but Intelligence
  can not achieve ultimate victory. Similarly, the
  use of law and legal enforcement to rule the
  people is to make obedience to the laws (but not
  rule of law). That is not total victory either.
  Neither Intelligence and Law Enforcement are the
  best strategy of best strategies. The
  Warrior-philosopher who rule under heaven attack
  weakness of the enemy where they have no forts,
  strike at place they have no traps, and to fight
  where there is no battle reparation. Best
  Strategy is just like light rain falling down
  from thin air, creating peaceful minds.
• --Binh Tho Y?u Lu?c (p.55)?

Battle of B?ch Ð?ng River 12858
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Way of Being Generals (Cont)?
Chapter 4

• Understanding and Dealing Clausewitzian Trinity

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Chapter 4
Generals must remembered five values
Generals have one objective in common. That is
victory. After you receive your order, taking
time to say goodbye to your families is not a
militarily courtesy. Your defeat of enemies is
the militarily courtesy. After you are deployed
to battle, you only have to think whether you die
with honor or you live shamefully. Your military
is your family!
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Chapter 4
Generals must understand four principles of
military business
You can be a general by understanding these four
principles of the military business.
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Chapter 4
Way of Being Generals Legality (Cont)?

• In general, drums and gongs are empowered the
  General in Battles. Soldiers must listen to
  orders. Similarly, flags and fire signals empower
  generals to execute order. Soldiers must prepare
  to charge. Finally, legal punishment always
  empowers generals and the military. Thus,
  Generals must not hesitate to
• Use high volume signals to execute orders
• Military flags, National colors, or Royal Honors
  to execute orders
• Military legal system to execute orders
• If you hesitate to do so, then even if you have
  the entire country, you will lost them all in no
  time. That is to say if a general flags up to
  command soldiers to charge the enemies, but no
  soldiers in the rank take order. A general waves
  his flag to execute a command but no soldiers
  take risk to die for their country. Do not be
  afraid of using forces against your army, from
  top Generals to bottom privates.
• Again, Leadership is more important than land

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Chapter 4
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Chapter 4
Way of Being Generals (Cont)

• Nothing can restrain a general who manage the
  business of human violence Heaven cannot
  restrain generals in battle Society or politics
  cannot restrain generals in battles land/terrain
  is not a restrain for generals to do what the
  suppose to do in battle.
• A peaceful soul of a General cannot be provoked
  by angrily method. An uncorrupted soul of General
  cannot be seduced by sex, money and power.
• In general, blind/dumb/crazy leaders would hardly
  manage the business of violence (war). It is
  difficult in dealing with human beings,
  especially in deadly dangerous businesses of
  wars. (Will your people die for your
  republic?)?

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Military life Hardship
Chapter 4

• Generals must endure hardship first
• Do not use shade if there are intense Sunlight
• Do not wear extra jacket if there are cold
  weather
• Stay off the horses or chariots in bad terrain,
  walk with soldiers
• Drink and eat after hungry soldiers are done with
  their meals
• Build the fortress before build a resting areas
• Generals endure hardship together with their
  troop. Elder generals can keep their health by
  enduring the military operations. One thing
  guaranteed no time to get boring or thinking of
  retirement, or too old for the job if you
  always work and fight as hard as you can.
  (Exercise! Front lean rest position, move!)

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Tr?n Hung Ð?os Machiavellism
Chapter 4

• Therefore, if you are a good general-in-chief,
  you would ensure victory and dominate the
  battlefield with your forces by this order.
• Your officers should be afraid of your Generals,
  if your officers do so
• Your people (civilians and paramilitary) should
  be afraid of your officers, if your people do so
• Your enemies should be afraid of your people!

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Tr?n Hung Ð?os Machiavellism (Cont)?
Chapter 4

• In order to calculate your victory, you must make
  a political survey to see your people fear whom.
  Does your people love and fear your name or your
  enemies?
• Their Love for you means their Rejection your
  enemies. They should obey your laws and orders.
• Their Fear of you generates from your leadership.
  People who fear you never insult you.
• If they are afraid of your enemies more than you,
  your enemies will win! (Enemies gt You You lose)
  
• You should not use those who did not make you
  happy You should not use those who do not fear
  your leadership.

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Chapter 4
Princes should hire Generals who have fearful
reputations. They also must understand this chart
of consequences and causes for every decision
that they made in order to maintain their power
in organizations. People blame you for
consequences.
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Chapter 4

• Rules of being Superior Generals
• Honor Contracts and Agreements
• No Flip flop decisions
• Understand situations
• Motivating fighting spirits
• Tell people what you want to do for success
• Fortification against external threats
• Be Careful in handling small easy tasks
• Do not rely on Number of Troops
• Do not depend on Reserve/Reinforcement
• "Nu?c cuoi Châu châu da xe, tuo?ng chung
  châu nga cha?ng de ngiêng xe.
• Laughing at a grasshopper kicks a carriage,
  thinking that the grasshopper will die, but
  unexpectedly the carriage turns up side
  down--Forklore Remark on General Lý Thu?ng Ki?t

King David beheaded Goliad
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Rule of Marshall Laws
Chapter 4

• General-in-chief should execute punishment from
  bottom to top as a result of major political
  turmoil, crimes, coup de tat, internal threats,
  undisciplined military service persons who bore
  enough to commit crimes against others in your
  armies. Reports to the chain of command are
  always taken seriously. Reversely, awards and
  honors float from up stream to bottom rivers,
  from Generals to privates.
• Dishonor and Kill Fairly and justly!
• Criminals who do harm to people such as murder
  families, children, innocent lives.
• Even if the criminal had royal blood, they
  disturb the natural orders by murdering lives.
  You should enforce the law from bottom to top of
  your armed forces.
• Promotion, Medal of Honors and Awards
• Ultimate goal is to honor those who have very
  little contribution to your campaigns
• including wagon washers, horse keepers, cow
  boys, children, cooks, poor students who join
  your armed forces, etc
• Everyone deserves awards or promotions from
  Generals to privates.

Punishment
Award/Promotion
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• Military operations originated in recruitment
  heroic souls. Generals must justly and fairly
  deal with punishment and promotions/rewards.
• Disrespect Superior men who hardly win the hearts
  of the people
• Dishonor Inferior men who did not work as hard as
  they can

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Marshall Laws and Civic-Political Etiquettes
Chapter 4

• As a General-in-chief, you must understand there
  are two different set of laws. You, Tr?n Hung Ð?o
  said, must enforce them effectively
• Marshall Laws are military laws
• Military laws designed to empower military
• Marshall laws are harmful to development of human
  rights and dignity
• Marshall Laws are not civil laws
• Civil laws cannot be apply to military. It will
  make military weak
• Civil Etiquettes mean speak respectfully, softly
  and nicely
• Political Etiquettes means politely and gently,
  diplomatically in the Royal Court
• One cannot speak if there is no question asked
• It is difficult to walk toward the King but it is
  easy to leave
• Marshall Etiquettes means to bypass unnecessary
  etiquettes
• Sitting on horses, Standing in chariots being
  loud as being silence
• Bow no one if you wear inflexible armors
• In a emergency moment, you have the right of
  waysalute is not needed.
• That is to say, laws and etiquettes are internal
  and external appearances of life. Martial and
  Liberal/Civil creatures stand on left and right
  in the political spectrum. (Sometimes they hate
  the others, although they always need the
  others)?

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5 Characters 10 Problems
Chapter 4

• As a general, you should know that all Generals
  have 5 different characters which have 10 bad
  personalities. 5 Characters are
• Bravery (I am superman/Woman No one can mess
  with me)?
• Intelligence (My brain works fast, you must do
  it faster)?
• Honorable (I am loyalty, and I am very strict)?
• Integrity (I am the law. And I am not
  corrupted)?
• Compassionate (I am a Diplomat. I care for the
  people of both sidesnot the military)?
• 10 problems of 5 Characters are
• No Fear of Death
• Conceited
• Impatient
• Think too much
• Opportunist

Chicken-Hawk Like to give orders Trust
everyone Inhumane Humanist
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Dealing with 15 of Generals
Chapter 4
What is/Are Character(s) of your Generals?
75
Chapter 4
Way of Generals 8 Bad Habits
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Way of General 8 Bad Behaviors
Chapter 4

• The way of Generals have 8 bad behaviors
• Unlimited Ambitions
• Hate philosophers, hate talented people
  (Conceited)?
• Believe in rumors, love flatterers
• Never think you are wrong
• Hesitation and not assertive
• Alcoholic and Sexual addicted
• Love stratagem, artful, but chickenhawk
• A political liar without reasonable premises
• As a general whose responsibilities in dangerous
  business of war, the more you are responsible
  means the more you handle dangerous business.
  Thus (1) a talented General should not depend on
  strong forces, position of power. (2)You should
  not be happily depend on services of your people.
  (3) You should not pay attention to people who
  try to harm and create damage to your
  reputations. (4) Your ambition should not be self
  interests which sex, money, and power because
  your ambition as corruption will kill you. You
  can drink wine, but you should not be drunk.
• The only primary mission in your military career
  is self sacrifice!

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8 Bad Habits 8 Bad Behaviors 4 Dilemma
Chapter 4

• The way of Generals have 4 dilemma in military
  operations

Discussion Way of General is way of nature.
Nature works like Yingyang which composes of the
two sectors negative charges and positive
charges. A general who understand the way of
nature cannot be broken if he is hard headed or
intelligence. He must be manipulative so that he
can use the weak to fight the strong he must
make water hard like rock. He must understand
that Not too easy to fight war without the use
of Calvary. Not too easy to keep strategies to be
secret. Not too easy to mute a polis peacefully
silence (by nature politics are loud, and
childish). All forces are divided (by nature
forces have different branches and directions,
says self interests). The way of general is not
hardiness or gentleness He plays the prince as
mediator of nature of strategy making the world
works with dilemma Man/Beast.
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Way of Generals Yinyang Operations
Chapter 4

• The General-in-Chief must know how to steer the
  yinyang wheel dealing hardiness and gentleness in
  policymaking. He or She must employ those who
  know how to respect others than hiring talented
  and strong workers without manner. Here are the
  examples of Yinyang operations. We can also call
  them binary laws or Reversed laws. (It can also
  be in different sequences too)

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Way of Generals 15 Operational Laws
Chapter 4

• There are laws for military operations. Law of
  Military Operations have 15 articles
• Think too much ? get analytical intelligence
  assistant personnel
• Articulating Diplomacy ? think twice, be careful
  on your words
• Bravery ? to fight against bully
• Integrity ? understand corruption
• Being Just ? punish/promote rightly
• Endure all Indignities ? Carefully Digest insults
• Toleration ? Welcome Everyone
• Credibility ? Honor contracts, Promises
• Respect ? Be reasonable with talented people
• Clairvoyant ? Dont listen to vilifiers,
  disparage
• Serious and Careful ? Go with the laws
• Humane ? Take care of your soldiers well
• Loyalty ? Self Sacrifice for your God, King,
  Fatherland
• Harmony ? Know when to stop, what is enough
• Mastermind ? Know yourself FIRST, Know your
  enemies THEN

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Way of Generals Ranking and Functionality
Chapter 4

• ORDER OF BATTLE OF SENIOR GENERALS
• Thiên Tu?ng (Heavenly) can fight injustice
  against heaven ( 4 stars general?)?
• Ð?a Tu?ng (Earthly) can fight injustice against
  the Earth ( 3 stars general?)?
• Nhân Tu?ng (Humanly) can fight injustice against
  human (2 stars general?)?
• Th?n Tu?ng (Divinely) can fight against all
  enemies under heaven (1 star general?)?

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ORDER OF BATTLE OF JUNIOR GENERALS
Chapter 4
82
FUNCTIONAL FONTE OF SENIOR GENERALS
Chapter 4
83
Chapters 2, 3, 4 Summary
84
Chapters 2, 3, 4 Summary
Summary Chapter 2, 3, 4

• Recruitment of Troop is the first priority.
  Second, the Selection of Generals determine
  success or failure in military world. A
  Prince/government must know how to select a
  general for services. There are 4 criteria for
  Selection of Generals 1) Respectful Character 2)
  Orator 3) Gestures 4) Works (not words). Why? A
  general must learn to be quiet Secrecy of one
  person cannot be told to two he or she should be
  unpredictable that no one including his personal
  guards know what he will do tomorrow the general
  must already know that secrecy in works can be
  revealed in words secrecy in words can be
  revealed in expression of characters such as
  tone, facial and gestures. Finally the secrecy of
  your strategies in fighting spirits can be
  declassified by your ambition or dreams. Enemies
  can use such information to calculate potential
  victory of your army and your personal military
  performances. The rule of thumb is to speak only
  for good purposes of strategies.
• The general always attempted to fool his soldiers
  and enemies, so that his soldiers should not fear
  enemies even if he or she already deployed
  soldiers to battles. The keyword for the Way of
  General is Determination. Generals should hide
  his military ambitions/sprit, although the
  keyword for soldiers is Spirit. Spirit can go
  up or down. However, the determination of the
  general to overcome adversaries always motivates
  soldiers whose fighting sprit may be discouraged
  in battles. In order to do know potential of your
  armies, generals must become soldiers to feel
  suffering like soldiers. Generals will get off
  the horses to walk in mud with their soldiers.
  The General will not eat before soldiers finish
  eating the general shall not wear extra jackets
  in winters, or use fans in summers, so the
  General mentally and physically feel hardship of
  the armies. The General is a scholar, a soldier,
  and a strategist.

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Summary (cont.)?
Summary Chapter 2, 3, 4

• Prince must employ Generals who have civil
  manner, and military talents. As
  scholar-soldiers, Generals represent highest
  moral virtues of the prince in order to win first
  human souls, services, admires, fear, then wars.
  The Prince requires his generals to give
  strategic military advises even if the Generals
  are ordered to sacrifice his beloved life or
  career as a proof of loyalty to the
  prince/constitution. Generals must always enforce
  lawsto take lives, make peacein the name of
  the princes/governments.
• Thus, Victory or Defeat is at the hands of
  Generals. However, generals do not make victory.
  The employment of generals makes victory or
  defeat. If generals cannot win all the hearts and
  minds under heaven to lay their lives down for
  any republic, this already meant a defeat. Even
  if the brave generals with an Army of ten of
  thousands strong, their services could be equally
  valued as same of those terrorists or coward
  soldiers who can also die in battle. Effective
  Generals, who know how to win wars, however,
  remarkably have a great virtue but artful and
  manipulative, so they can be tough but
  compassionate they will end political chaos and
  social disorders through assertive with
  compassion, bravery with attention to details,
  using strategic and intellectual assets to
  control behaviors and military operations. I am
  sure that they will overcome all adversaries.
  Such Generals win souls under heaven first, and
  then win wars. For national security purposes,
  civic leaders should be equally counted as
  generals too as they legally and legislatively
  protect the country from domestic violence, while
  martial creatures deal with external harms and
  domestic law enforcement.

86
Summary Chapter 2, 3, 4
Chapters 2, 3, 4 Summary
Behaviors and Characters of Generals correlate to
number of people and soldiers under his command.
Some only care for 10 others can be responsible
for ten of millions.
87
Summary Chapter 2, 3, 4
Chapters 2, 3, 4 Summary

• Five moral virtues of Generals are
• Uncorrupted, A Moral mentor to the military and
  civilians
• Known to many by character of loyalty
• Friendly and trustfully to friends.
• Wise, Humane and Forgiveness
• Have Great Endeavors to achieve the feat of arms

88
Summary Chapter 2, 3, 4

• Vua h?i H?i Ngh? Diên H?ng 1284 Th? Nu?c Y?u,
  L?y gì lo chi?n chinh?
• Qu?c H?i tr? l?i HY SINH!
• The King asked the Dien Hong Assembly in 1284
  Potentially our nation is still weak. How do we
  fight this War?
• The Assembly answered SACRIFICE!

89
CHAPTER 5
Chapter 5

• Kén Luy?n
• TRAINING
• SELECTION FOR TRAINING

90
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91

• Princes/Generals must . . Keep his troops well
  disciplined and exercised.
• --Chapter 14, The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli

92
Selection of Soldiers for Training
Chapter 5

• What is the best way to train Soldiers?
• Armed Forces composed of different soldiers with
  different characters and skills. The best way to
  train these soldiers is to train them with what
  they naturally do at best.

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Training for Discipline
Chapter 5

• Discipline determines victory or defeat in
  battles. Discipline is not punishment. It is a
  way to stop or limit what you want, control your
  bad habits, addictions. A battle can be won if
  the commander is untalented but his troop is a
  disciplined force. Thus Generals in Chief always
  need to maintain highly disciplined Armies.

Generals Talented/Untatented Soldiers
Disciplined/Undisciplined
95
Training for Discipline (Cont)?
Chapter 5
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97
Tr?n Hung Ð?o quotes Chinese Military Literature
(Book Kinh Th?)?

• You (Generals) should mobilize your soldiers
  several times a year for military exercises, so
  they acquaint with hardship.
• Especially 2-3 times in every Winter, troops
  will perform military exercises within 100 miles
  square emptied land from Capital and civilian
  towns. Area of exercise should have no farm, but
  jungles, mountains, deserts.
• They will practice high speed pursue with
  chariots, horses. They will be familiar with
  military communication signals, commands.
• They will learn to adapt to different military
  activities and environment. Realistic practical
  exercises is the preparation for your troop to
  endure hardships in battles.

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(No Transcript)
99
10X The Way of Generals in Military Educational
Philosophy
Chapter 5
In General, people say you lose and died because
you stupid and untalented. For that reason, in
the military world, training/education is the
first priority. The Book Military Strategies of
General Wu read that the Goal of Military
Educations Teach others to Survive and to Win
such as taking Advantage of Short Term to fight
Long Term To Take Advantage of Resting,
inactivity, to Fight Hardships and busy time To
Take Advantage of Fully fed to survive long term
starving To sit and then run To run and then
stop to Turn left and then right To right and
then left Great Commanders should Teach their
soldiers how to fight with Speed, Surprise,
Superiority.
100
Military Exercise Levels
Chapter 5
101
Rules The Army Teaches The Army
Chapter 5

• Goal is to have no one make mistake in formation
  as the formation marches forward the enemies.
  Whoever do not obey the command should be
  punished in military fashion.
• Front ranks teach the front ranks
• The back ranks teach the back ranks
• The Left Columns teach the Left Columns
• The Right Columns Teach the Right Columns.
• Teachers should punish those who refuse to teach
  others in the ranks.
• Those who confess their mistakes in the front of
  the troop will be forgiven.

A squad or a rank, or a column will be punished
including the trainer if a soldier refuses to
fight or run away from battle. From a squad
leader to commander, if there is an individual
did not obey command, the trainer is solely
responsible for such behaviors
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Chapter 5

• Soldiers always love to go with the laws,
  especially during training or in combat. It is
  the only technique to establish orders and
  respect in the ranks. If the trainers did not
  enforce the laws, the trainees cannot be trained
  although the trainers forcibly push the trainees
  through dangerous exercises. Trainees will be
  undisciplined soldiers as finished products of
  the trainers. Wars always produce uncertainties.
  Soldiers only have one thing to do obey the
  laws/orders. Do not make life harder than that.

103
Chapter 5 Training for Battles
Training for Battles of Battles
104
Ideographic Goal, Scale of Training
Chapter 5
Win the ENTIRE WAR (Big Circles) ? regardless
some battles lost (Small Circles)? Training works
the same way Success as a whole? Overcome small
losses in Training for battles. No big deal
105
Organizational Techniques
Chapter 5

• Training soldiers is similar to play a chess
  game. The trainers/ commanders should calculate
  the parameter of the battlefield, so that he can
  move the entire army at once without making
  disorders. Soldiers in order to stay in order of
  battle desperately need to know directions,
  lanes, coordination, missions.
• Suntzu said, "Earth leads to measurement
  measurement leads to calculation calculation
  leads to comparison comparison leads to the
  possibility of winning."

Distance Between Formations/Operations
106
5 Elements of Shape for Formations/Organizations
Chapter 5

• Different situations requires different shape of
  defense/offense. You must compose/decompose your
  formation in the practice of using different
  elements in military training and exercise.

107
Formation 1/0 Exercises of Armies
Chapter 5
Every Soldier is an Army where every Army listen
to Command to regroup, disappear, and reform into
formation for their order of battles.
108
Training with 9 Forces
Chapter 5
109
Training 9 Forces (Cont)?
Chapter 5
110
Chapter 5
111
Water is a Symbol of Military Operation
Chapter 5
Water or liquid flows from high to low such as
rain, stream, rivers, hot and cold currents,
wind, rocky area, etc. Water flow depends on the
nature of situations. Water sometimes violently
moves, sometimes peace. Military formation,
organization, and movement are the wave of
liquid/water. Take Charge!!!!
Great Wave, Japanese Painting
112
Chapter 5
113

• Trong V?n Ki?p T?ng Bí Truy?n Thu c?a Tr?n Hung
  Ð?o, Tr?n Khánh Du ghi l?i t?a nhu sau
• Ngu?i gi?i c?m quân thì không c?n bày tr?n,
  ngu?i gi?i bày tr?n thì không c?n ph?i dánh,
  ngu?i gi?i dánh thì không thua, ngu?i khéo thua
  thì không ch?t.
• General Tr?n Khánh Du who was court-martialed
  twice (they also kicked him out of the Army) for
  adultery with Daughter in Law of Tr?n Hung Ð?o
  and for then losing the first naval battle at Vân
  Ð?n, but after defeat the Mongo Navy at Vân Ð?n
  in the second round had the honor to write the
  Forwords in Tr?n Hung Ð?os Letters of Secret
  Studies of V?n Ki?p (ex-name of Vietnam) as
  follow
• Those who manage the Army well will not need to
  set up the battlefield, those who set up the
  strategies for the battlefield well will not need
  engage in the fight, those who fight well will
  not lose, and those who how to lose well will not
  die easily.

To subdue the enemy without fighting is the acme
of skill. -Suntzu B?t chi?n t? nhiên
thành -Tôn T?
114

• You are seeing last Updated
• Updated Monday, August 25, 2008
• To Be Continued