Architectural Modeling with UML2 Composite Structures and Components

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Architectural Modeling withUML2 Composite
Structures and Components

• Jacques Robin

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Outline

• UML2 Structured Classifiers
• Key Concepts
• Concrete Visual Syntax and Examples
• Meta-Model
• Link between Meta-Model and Visual Syntax
• UML2 Encapsulated Classifiers
• Key Concepts
• Concrete Visual Syntax and Examples
• Meta-Model
• Link between Meta-Model and Visual Syntax
• UML2 Components
• Key Concepts
• Concrete Visual Syntax and Examples
• Meta-Model
• Link between Meta-Model and Visual Syntax

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UML2 Structured Classifiers

• New to UML2
• A UML2 structured classifier C can have special
  properties called parts that can be connected
  within the containing context of C to realize one
  of its behaviors
• The part-whole relationship between a part and
  its containing structured classifier is distinct
  but derived from the composition relationship
  between a class and its composite containing
  class
• Whereas a composition property of a kernel
  classes represents a context-independent
  relationship from the kernel whole class to the
  part class,
• the part property of a structured classifier
  represents a context-dependent relationship from
  a structured whole class to the part class
• Similarly, the connection relationship between
  two parts of a containing structured classifier
  is distinct but derived from the association
  relationship between two classes
• Whereas an association represents a
  context-independent relationships between two
  classes,
• the connection between two classes that are
  parts of a containing structured classifier is
  valid only within the context of this container

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UML2 Structured Classifier Compartments
Name Attributes Operations NestedClassifiers
Parts
Nested Classes, Components, Interfaces
Associations linking their attributes, Realizati
ons, Usages Generalizations Encapsulated within
containing KernelClass
Classes, Components, Interfaces Connectors
linking them as partsor elements connected to
parts in context of containing CompositeStructures
Class
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Composed Class x Structured Class
Composition context independentwhole-part
relationship
StructuredClass/ ClassConnectedToPart
relationship dependent of containing StructuredCl
ass
Connector relationship dependent
of containing StructuredClass
StructuredClass/Part context-dependent whole-par
t relationship
Parts Compartment
Association context independentrelationship
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Structured Class Meta-Model
0..1 type
TypedElement
Type
MultiplicityElement
Feature
Structural Feature
Classifier
0..1 attribute
/role
role
ConnectableElement
0..1 ownedAttribute
/definingEnd
StructuredClassifier
KernelClass
Property
0..1 partWithPort
0..1 /part
redfinedConnector
Encapsulated Classifier


2..
0..1 ownedConnector

Connector
ConnectorEnd
Association
type
EncapsulatedClassifiersClass
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Class x Composite StructureDiagrams Link to
Meta-Model
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Composite Structure Diagram Classes
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Composite Structure Diagram Objects
0..1
PackageableElement
Element
TypedElement
LiteralUnlimitedNatural
Expression
StructuralFeature
OpaqueExpression
LiteralInteger


Slot
InstanceSpecification
ValueSpecification
LiteralSpecification
LiteralString
0..1

0..1
0..
InstanceValue
LiteralBoolean
Classifier
Class
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Composite Structure Diagram Objects
0..1
PackageableElement
Element
TypedElement
LiteralUnlimitedNatural
Expression
StructuralFeature
NamedElement
OpaqueExpression
LiteralInteger


Slot
InstanceSpecification
ValueSpecification
LiteralSpecification
LiteralString
0..1

0..1
0..
InstanceValue
LiteralBoolean
Classifier
Class
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UML2 Encapsulated Class

• New to UML2
• Specializes Structured Classifier
• An instances of an encapsulated class
  (encapsulated object) interacts with its
  environment and its internal parts only through
  typed interaction points called ports
• A port is an interaction point specification used
  by an encapsulated class to either
• Provide a service to its environment specified
  by a provided interface that types the port
• Request a service from its environment specified
  by a requested interface that types the port
• Ports provide a second level encapsulation
  indirection beyond the first one provided by
  interfaces
• Encapsulated parts are connected indirectly
  through their ports,
• whereas simple parts are connected directly.

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UML2 Ports

• Ports allow run-time assembly of encapsulated
  classes into a containing class to compose a
  complex service from simpler ones
• Instantiation of an encapsulated class with
  internal parts which are recursively encapsulated
  class is a complex process that involves
• Instantiating each nested encapsulated class
• Instantiating each of their ports into an
  interaction point
• Instantiating each of their associations into a
  connector between two such interaction points
• In this internal assembly process, two ports can
  only be connected only if the provided interface
  of one is conformant to the requested interface
  of the other
• This conformance can be
• Simple, merely in terms of matching interface
  types
• More complex in terms of pre and post-condition
  constraints on each operation of the ports
  respective interfaces
• Even more complex in terms of protocol state
  machines associated to either the ports or their
  interfaces
• A protocol state machine describes a precise,
  constrained sequence of externally visible states
  through which the encapsulated class can go
  through
• It specifies for each state in the sequence the
  restricted subset of operations that can be
  invoked by the encapsulated class environment
  through the provided port
• It also specifies the next state resulting from
  the invocation of a given operation in a given
  state

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UML2 Encapsulated Classifier Compartments
Name Attributes Operations NestedClassifiers
Parts
Ports
Nested Classes, Generalizations, Ports,
Associations linking their attributes,
Encapsulated within containing KernelClass
Classes, Connectors linking them through their
Ports as parts or elements connected to parts in
context of containing CompositeStructuresClass
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Encapsulated Class Meta-Model
0..1 type
TypedElement
Type
MultiplicityElement
Feature
Structural Feature
Classifier
0..1 attribute
/role
role
ConnectableElement
0..1 ownedAttribute
/definingEnd
StructuredClassifier
KernelClass
Property
0..1 partWithPort
0..1 /part

redfinedConnector

2..
0..1 ownedConnector

Connector
ConnectorEnd
type
Association
redfinedPort
StateMachine
Relationship

ownedPort
Encapsulated Classifier
Port
specificMachine
conformance
/required
0..1
0..1
ProtocolStateMachine
ProtocolConformance

0..1
Interface

protocol
/provided
generalMachine
EncapsulatedClassifiersClass
protocol 0..1
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Composite Structure Diagram with Encapsulated
Classes Link to Meta-Model
CSClass.ownedPort.type CSClass.ownedPort.pro
videdInterface-gt union(CSclass.ownedPort.requir
edInterface)
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Composite Structure Diagram with Encapsulated
Classes More Examples

• Part multiplicity can also appear in the top
  right corner of the part rectangle
• The type of a port can also appear after its name
  and
• The multiplicity of a port can also appear after
  its name or type between
• The service provided by an encapsulated class C
  by connecting to one of its port can be realized
  either
• By one (or several) part(s) of C
• By C itself, in this case the port square is
  linked by a line to a state appearing inside Cs
  part compartment

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UML2 Components

• New to UML2 for all lifecycle stages except
  deployment
• Specialize encapsulated classes
• The behaviors that it provides to its environment
  are only accessible through its provided
  interface(s)
• The behaviors that it expects its environment to
  provide to it are only accessible through its
  required interface(s)
• Through these associated interfaces, a UML2
  component defines an abstract behavioral type
  independent of its realization
• The interfaces of a UML2 component can be either
• Directly associated to it, or
• Indirectly associated to it through its ports.
• The abstract behavior type specified by a UML2
  component can be realized either
• Directly by the component itself
• Indirectly by the assembly of its internal
  parts
• Indirectly by a set of external classifiers.
• A UML2 packageable component specializes a UML2
  component by grouping all the artifacts involved
  in the component specification or realization
  into a package

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UML2 Components

• A UML2 component may
• Delegate part of the realization of a service
  that it provides to its environment to one of its
  internal parts
• Delegate a service request from one of its part
  to its environment.
• Component connectors specialize encapsulated
  class connectors by
• Being associated to a behavior designed by
  contract
• i.e., it guarantees to its environment that all
  post-conditions of all its provided operations
  will be satisfied whenever they are called in a
  way that satisfies all their pre-conditions
• i.e., its environment guarantees that all
  post-condition of all its requested operations
  will be satisfied whenever it calls these
  operations in a way that satisfies all their
  pre-conditions
• Sub-categorizing into
• Delegation connector between a containing
  component and its parts
• Assembly connector between two parts of an
  containing component

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UML2 Component Compartments
ltltcomponentgtgt Name Attributes Operations Nested
Classifiers Parts
Ports
Nested Classes, Components, Ports, Interfaces
Associations linking their attributes, Realization
s, Usages Generalizations Encapsulated within
containing KernelClass
Classes, Components, Interfaces Connectors
linking them through their Ports as parts or
elementsconnected to parts in context
ofcontaining CompositeStructuresClass
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UML2 Component Meta-Model
0..1 ownedConnector
StructuredClassifier
CSConnector
redfinedPort

ownedPort
Encapsulated Classifier
Port
/required

0..1
Interface
/provided


/required
EncapsulatedClassifiersClass
Component
/provided
0..1
0..1
packagedElement
0..1 /ownedConnector



ComponentRealization
PackageableElement
contract

Behavior
Realization
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Component Diagram without Interface Operations
Link to Meta-Model
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Component Diagram with Interface Operations Link
to Meta-Model
Component.providedInterface
Component.requiredInterface
Component
InterfaceRealization
Usage
Component.requiredInterface.name
Component.providedInterface.name
Component.name
Component.providedInterface.operation
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Component Diagram Nested Classifiers Compartment
Link to Meta-Model
NestedClassifiersCompartment
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Component Diagram Parts Compartment Link to
Meta-Model
PartsCompartment