HIVAIDS

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HIV/AIDS
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What is HIV

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• A virus that attacks the bodys immune system
• Over time, the virus weakends a persons defenses
  against disease, leaving them vulnerable to many
  opportunistic infections and cancer

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What is AIDS

• Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• HIV has seriously damaged the immune system and
  often the person has been diagnosed with a
  life-threatening infection or cancer.
• Can take 10 years or more from the time of
  initial infection with HIV to a diagnosis of AIDS

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How is HIV Transmitted?

• HIV is transmitted when infected blood, semen,
  vaginal fluids, or breast milk enter the body
  through mucous membranes of the anus, vagina,
  penis (urethra) or mouth, or through cuts, sores,
  or abrasions on the skin, or during birth.

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How is HIV Transmitted, cont.?

• Unprotected intercourse
• Sharing drug needles or syringes
• From an infected mother to her infant
• Blood transfusions (prior to 1985)
• Occupational exposures (healthcare, needlesticks

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Who is at risk?

• Anyone can become infected with HIV
• Men having sex with other men
• Those who share drug needles or syringes
• Those having unprotected sex
• Fetuses/babies whose mothers have HIV

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What are the symptoms?

• Many people do not develop symptoms when they
  first become infected with HIV
• Some people have a flu-like illness within a
  month or two after exposure to the virus
• More persistent or severe symptoms may not
  surface for a decade or more
• During the asymptomatic period, HIV is actively
  multiplying, infecting and killing

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Symptoms cont.

• cells of the immune system
• As the immune system deteriorates, a variety of
  complications begin to surface
• Swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, wt loss, fevers,
  sweats, frequent yeast infections, persistent
  skin rashes, short-term memory loss.

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Symptoms cont.

• Opportunistic infections common in people with
  AIDS cause
• Coughing
• SOB
• Seizures
• Confusion and forgetfulness
• Severe and persistent diarrhea, fever
• Vision loss, headaches, wt. loss, extreme fatigue
• Lack of coordination, coma, cramps, difficult or
  painful swallowing

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Incidence of AIDS

• First reported in the U.S. in 1981, and has since
  become a world-wide epidemic
• 600,000 cases of AIDS have been reported in the
  US since 1981.
• As many as 900,000 Americans may be infected (25
  are unaware)

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Opportunistic infections

• People with AIDS are prone to developing various
  cancers especially kaposis sarcoma

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Opportunistic infections

• Cervical cancer

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Opportunistic infections

• Cervical cancer

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Opportunistic infections

• Cervical cancer

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Opportunistic infections

• Lymphoma

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Opportunistic infections

• Children with AIDS susceptible to bacterial
  infections, especially conjunctivitis, ear
  infections, and tonsillitis

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Can I get HIV from getting a Tattoo?

• Yes, there is a risk!
• Make sure if you get a tattoo or body part
  pierced that the facility properly sterilizes
  their equipment.

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Can I get HIV from kissing?

• HIV is not casually transmitted, so kissing on
  the cheek is safe.
• Open-mouth kissing is considered very low risk
• Only one documented case

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Can I get HIV from casual contact

• No!
• HIV is not an airborne or a food-borne virus
• HIV does not live long outside the body

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Is playing sports safe

• There are no documented cases
• If someone is bleeding they should refrain from
  playing sports until the bleeding stops.

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Can a mosquito infect me?

• No!
• When an insect bites, it injects saliva not blood
• HIV only lives for a short time inside an insect