Demand Response as a Distributed Energy Resource

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Demand Response as aDistributed Energy Resource

• presented by
• Mark S. Martinez
• Manager, Program Development
• PLMA Fall Conference
• September 2004

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DR Load Control

• DR is used primarily as a reliability resource
  for load shedding at present
• Geographic granularity may be limited (substation
  or district level)
• Residential space conditioning load the primary
  end use under dispatch
• Summer peaking situations most applicable due to
  coincidence with system stress and economic
  constraints

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SCEs Existing System

• 115,000 devices
• Emergency trigger
• 20 enhanced
• 250 MW available
• SCE system peak 20,700 MW

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Typical CAC Average Duty Cycle
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New Smart Thermostat Technologies
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AC load reduction at customer facility from Smart
Thermostat
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Advanced Load Control - The New DR

• Systems can be dispatched more quickly for either
  reliability or economics
• Residential and commercial systems can be used in
  concert to provide relief
• Compatible with advanced metering
• Easily dispersed and effective at the critical
  circuit level

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Comparable Load Relief Strategies
Source LIPA
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DR Resource Design A Balancing Act
Complementary Objectives
Competing Objectives
Key Messages

• Price drivers dependable (firm) load,
  immediate dispatch

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CAISO Graph 9-7-04 (Tues)
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2004 ACCP/API Events at SCE

• ISO - March 8, 2004 623pm for 32 minutes
  302MW (Monday, unexpected shortage)
• ISO - July 20, 2004 453pm for 4 hours, 10 min.
  193MW (Tuesday, heat storm)
• DR Sept. 10, 2004 329 for 1 hour, 6 minutes,
  14MW (Friday heat storm)
• DR Sept. 11, 2004 234 for 16 minutes, 7MW
  (Moorpark A bank) Saturday!
• 1529 to 1635 Initiated AC Cycling for
  District 43 (Saddleback) due to overloading on
  Santiago-Limestone-Moulton 66 kV Line.

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Santiago A-Bank Total Power
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Irvine Number 1 B-Bank
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Irvine Number 2 B-Bank
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Circuit Level Granularity
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ALC as a Spinning Reserve?