Title: Silvicultural Prescriptions
1Silvicultural Prescriptions
- John Adams - Louisiana Tech
- John Dwyer - University of Missouri
2Objectives
- 1. Show you what goes into making a good
prescription. - 2. Give you enough information to appreciate
that making a prescription is not easy.
3What is a prescription?
- A detailed set of written instructions for the
treatment of a forested property.
4What makes a good prescription?
- 1. Identifies what you want to accomplish.
- What are the owners objectives?
5What makes a good prescription?
- 2. Describes and depicts the area to be treated.
-
- Site information
- Current stand information
6Map 1 Stand Boundaries with Acreage
7Map 2 Soil Classification on Mc Laughlin
Property
8Map 3 Elevation for Mc Laughlin Property
9(No Transcript)
10What makes a good prescription?
- 3. Identify a desired target based on
objectives. - Use decision-making tools to simulate
- different ways of achieving the target and
- pick best way.
- Describe it in a way that it can be measured
- then you can gauge success.
11What makes a good prescription?
- 4. Develop an activity schedule.
- What?
- When?
- Where?
- How much?
12What makes a good prescription?
- 5. What do I expect will happen as a result of
the treatment. - Have I achieved my objective(s)?
13Upland Hardwood
14Forest Prescriptions - An Example
- Objective
- 1. Improve tree quality by
- increasing growth
- removing unhealthy/undesirable trees
- realize a periodic return
15Prescriptions - An Example
- Forest information/condition
- 1. Overstory scarlet and black oak, southern
red oak, post oak, white oak and shellbark
hickory - 2. Understory/regeneration scarlet oak, black
oak, American elm, hackberry
16Prescriptions - An Example
- 3. Poletimber stand relatively young
- 40 years of age
- ave. diameter 7.0 inches
- diameter range 1.5 to 14.3 inches
- 77 stocking (full)
- BA 65 ft2/acre, 416 trees/acre,
- Site index 70 feet
17Prescriptions - An Example
- Evaluate alternatives based on objectives
- Grow this stand looking at different what-if
situations - vary the timing of harvest
- vary the amount of harvest
-
18Prescriptions - An Example
- Activity Schedule
- When What
- 2002 Individual tree selection, thin 600 bf/ac
and 4 cords/ac - reduce stand BA to 60ft2/ac.
- and 65 stocking remove trees poor form
and vigor
19Prescriptions - An Example
- Activity Schedule
- When What
- 2012 1000 bf/ac and 2 cords/ac
- reduce stand BA to 55ft2/ac.
- and 64 stocking leave crop trees
20Prescriptions - An Example
- Activity Schedule
- When What
- 2022 3600 bf/ac and 2 cords/ac
- reduce stand BA to 43ft2/ac.
- and 44 stocking leave crop trees about
18-22, assess regeneration (plant/natural)
21Prescriptions - An Example
- Activity Schedule
- When What
- 2025 3400 bf/ac and 4 cords/ac
- remove shelterwood
- assess regeneration
- natural/plant
- release regeneration
-
22Prescriptions - An Example
- Outcomes
- Improved health of the forest
- Planting/thinning will diversify native tree
species - Provide structural diversity for improved
wildlife habitat/foodstores - Net income stream of over 1,350/acre.
23(No Transcript)
24Your Forest Condition ?
- Rehabilitation
- Maintenance
25Rehabilitation
- Undesirable species mix - past history/old field
- Poor tree quality
- Overstocked - poor health/vigor
26Rehab Tools
- Stand improvement practices (TSI)
- Vine removal
- Planting
- Intermediate thinning
27Stand Improvement
- A treatment(s) conducted during the
- life of the forest stand to improve
- species composition, stand structure,
- health, and quality of the forest stand.
28Video clip of TSI demonstration
29Crop-tree Release - Long-term Thinning Study
- Highly stocked stand of scarlet, black, and white
oaks - Thinned in 1953 - 5 treatments
- Age of stand at thinning- 29 years old
- Site index of 68 base age 50
30Crop-tree Release - No treatment
- 100 crop trees selected in 1953 - no treatment
- 36 trees per acre alive today
- 15.6 inches in diameter today, 4.7 inches in 53
- Current volume - 2,940 bf/acre
- Current value - 278.80
31(No Transcript)
32Crop-tree Release - Heavy thin treatment
- 100 crop trees selected in 1953 - all trees over
1/2 were removed - 56 trees per acre alive today
- 17.4 inches in diameter today, 4.6 inches in 53
- Current volume - 7,568 bf/acre
- Current value 1,142.84/acre
33(No Transcript)
34Vine Removal
35(No Transcript)
36(No Transcript)
37(No Transcript)
38Intermediate Thin/Stand Improvement
- Accomplishing both with one harvest
- 70-year-old stand age uniform
- white oak, black oak, scarlet oak, hickory
- before harvest 125 sq. ft./ac. Basal area
- 20 tons/acre _at_ 3.0/ton, 1,500 bd.ft. sawlogs _at_
90/1000mbf - 195/acre revenue
39(No Transcript)
40Pioneer Forest - Sustainable Maintenance for 50
years
- Goal Harvest trees for wood products
- while continuously maintaining the
- natural character of the forest for.
- watershed protection
- recreation
- mast production for wildlife
- visual and ecological benefits
41The Pioneer Forest
- 165,000 acres privately-owned
- single-tree selection method since 1951
- almost every acre harvested 3 times
- quality and volume have risen over time
42Pioneer Prescription
- Cut cycle high site 14-18 yrs.,
- low site 18-22 yrs.
- Leave about 60 stocking after harvest
- Remove 1,400 - 2,000 board feet per acre
- When to harvest based on.
- - average growth rate per acre per year
- - crown closure
43(No Transcript)
44(No Transcript)
45(No Transcript)
46Mixed Stand - Pine / Hardwood
47Pine / Hardwood
- No management tends to move toward hardwood
- Hardwood have better regeneration strategies
- Need to scarify and open the site up to keep pine
established
48Thank You