International Standards

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International Standards
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Standards Organizations
International
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
(United Nations)
Universal Postal Union (UPU) (United Nations)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)
ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1)
TC 122 Packaging
SC 31 Automatic Data Capture
ITU-T (fka CCITT) Telecommunications
SC 17 IC Cards
TC 104 Freight Containers
WG 1 - Symbology
WG 2 - Data Content
ITU-R (fka CCIR IFBR) Radio-frequency Issues
TC 122/104 JWG SC Apps RFID
SC 6 Telcom info exchbtwn systems
WG 3 - Conformance
WG 4 - RFID
ITU-D (fka BDT) Telecommunications Development
TC 8 Ships Marine Tech
WG 5 - RTLS
Regional
Comité Européen Normalisation Electrotechnique
(CENELEC)
Comité Européen Postal Telegraph (CEPT)
Comité Européen Normalisation (CEN)
ECMA
ODETTE
National
Standards Assoc of China (SAC)
Deutches Institut fur Normung (DIN)
British Standards Institution (BSI)
ANSI
AFNOR
JISC
IEEE
INCITS
MHI
GS 1
CEA
AIM
Other
T6
B10
Industry
ATA
DoD
CEA
HIBCC
GS 1
AIA
Other
VDA
AIAG
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Types of Standards

• Technology
• Symbology, RFID, I.C. Card
• Data Content
• Semantics (DIs or AIs), Syntax
• Conformance
• Print Quality, Test Specifications, Conformance
  to Air Interface
• Network
• Object-to-object communications
• Application Standards
• Freight container, RTI, Ship Label, Product
  Package, Product Mark/Tag, eSeal

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Working Group (WG) 4RFID for Item Management

• ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31Automatic Identification and
  Data Capture Techniques

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ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31

• Charted to work on technical specificationsJTC
  1 was established in 1987 for 'standardization in
  the field of information technology systems ...
  and equipment ...(with the exclusion of)
  information technology for specific
  applications. jtc1n6778
• JTC 1 is comprised of both ISO and IEC
• SC 31 is chartered to work on automatic data
  capture technical specifications

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ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 Structure
International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1) - IT
ISO/IEC JTC 1 Subcommittee 31
Secretariat GS 1
WG 1 Data Carrier
WG 2 Data Structure
WG 3 Conformance
WG 4 RF Tags
WG 5 RTLS
Convener S. Ackley (US)
Convener T. Yoshioka (JP)
Convener C. Biss (US)
Convener H. Barthel
Convener M. Harmon
DAI
Code 39
Linear Print Quality
API
Air Interface
2450 MHz
Data Syntax
ITF
2D Print Quality
Unique RF Tag ID
433 MHz
Unique ID
MaxiCode
Printing Specs
Defs. Logical Mem Map
GLS
Data Matrix
Test Specs BC Printers
Application Interface
Near Field
Test Specs BC Readers
Encoding Rules
EAN/U.P.C.
Test Specs BC Verifiers
Code 128
PDF417
RFID Performance
QR Code
RFID Conformance
Symbology Identifiers
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SC 31/WG 4 (RFID) Technology Projects
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Technical StandardsRadio Frequency
Identification (RFID)

• ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4/SG 3
• RFID for Item Management Air Interface (ISO
  18000)
• ISO/IEC 18000-1 - Generic parameters - Air
  interface
• ISO/IEC 18000-2 - Parameters for air interface
  below 135 kHz
• ISO/IEC 18000-3 - Parameters for air interface at
  13.56 MHz
• ISO/IEC 18000-4 - Parameters for air interface at
  2.45 GHz
• ISO/IEC 18000-6 - Parameters for air interface at
  860-960 MHz
• ISO/IEC 18000-7 - Parameters for active air
  interface at 433.92 MHz

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Data Content StandardsISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 2
WG 4/SG 1

• ISO/IEC 15424 - Data Carrier/Symbology
  Identifiers
• ISO/IEC 15418 - EAN.UCC Application Identifiers
  and ASC MH 10 Data Identifiers
• ISO/IEC 15434 - Syntax for High Capacity ADC
  Media
• ISO/IEC 15459 - Unique identification - Part 1
  Transport units Part 2 Registration
  procedures Part 3 Common rules Part 4
  Unique Item identification for supply chain
  management Part 5 Unique identification -
  Returnable transport items Part 6 Unique
  identification - Lot/batch
• ISO/IEC 15961 - Data protocol Application
  interface
• ISO/IEC 15962 - Protocol Data encoding rules and
  logical memory functions
• ISO/IEC 15963 - Unique ID of RF Tag

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The 15459 Suite

• FDIS ISO/IEC 15459-1, Information technology
  Unique identifiers for item management Part 1
  Unique identification of transport units
• FDIS ISO/IEC 15459-2, Information technology
  Unique identifiers for item management Part 2
  Registration procedures
• FDIS ISO/IEC 15459-3, Information technology
  Unique identifiers for item management Part 3
  Common rules for unique identification
• FDIS ISO/IEC 15459-4, Information technology
  Unique identifiers for item management Part 4
  Unique item identification for supply chain
  management
• FCD ISO/IEC 15459-5, Information Technology
  Unique Identification Part 5 Unique
  Identification of Returnable Transport Items
  (RTIs)
• CD ISO/IEC 15459-6, Information technology
  Unique identification Part 6 Unique
  identification for product groupings in material
  lifecycle management

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Conformance StandardsRadio Frequency
Identification (RFID)ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 3/SG
1

• ISO/IEC 18046 - RFID Device Performance Test
  Methods
• ISO/IEC 18047 - RFID Device Conformance Test
  Methods
• Part 2 - lt135 kHz
• Part 3 - 13.56 MHz
• Part 4 - 2.45 GHz
• Part 6 - 860-960 MHz
• Part 7 - 433 MHz

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APPLICATION
INTERROGATOR
RF TAG
Tag Physical Memory
Decoder
AIR INTERFACE
Logical Memory Map
Encoder
DEVICECOMMANDS
COMMANDS
Tag Driver and Mapping Rules
APPLICATIONCOMMANDS
Command / Response Unit
Application Program Interface
APPLICATIONRESPONSES
RESPONSES
DEVICERESPONSES
Logical Memory
Note The Logical Memory Map in the Tag Physical
Memory is given by the Tag architecture and the
mapping rules in the Tag Driver. All the
information in the Logical Memory is represented
in the Logical Memory Map
DATA PROTOCOL PROCESSOR
PHYSICAL INTERROGATOR
ISO/IEC 15961
ISO/IEC 18000
ISO/IEC 15962
ISO/IEC 15962 Annexes
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ISO TC 122/104Joint Working Group (JWG)(Supply
chain applications of RFID)
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The Layers of Logistic Units (Radio Frequency
Identification - RFID)
Layer 5
Movement Vehicle (truck, airplane, ship, train)
Layer 4 (433 MHz)ISO 17363(Freight containers)
Container (e.g., 40 foot Sea Container)
Layer 3 (860-960 MHz)(Other 18000 with TPA) ISO
17364(Returnable transport items)
Unit Load Pallet
Unit Load Pallet
Layer 2 (860-960 MHz)(Other 18000 with TPA) ISO
17365(Transport units)
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Layer 1 (860-960 MHz with TPA)(13.56 MHz with
TPA)ISO 17366(Product packaging)
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Layer 0 (860-960 MHz with TPA)(13.56 MHz with
TPA)ISO 17367(Product tagging)
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
TPA - Trading Partner Agreement
Concept Source Akira Shibata, DENSO-Wave
Corporation
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ISO TC 122/104 JWG project status

• ISO 10374.2, Freight containers RF automatic
  identification
• IS Issued 1991, Amd 1 1995
• CD balloting closed 2006-03-09
• ISO 17363, Supply chain applications of RFID -
  Freight containers
• DIS balloting closes 2006-07-01
• ISO 17364, Supply chain applications of RFID -
  Returnable transport items
• DIS balloting closes 2006-07-01
• ISO 17365, Supply chain applications of RFID -
  Transport units
• DIS balloting closes 2006-07-01
• ISO 17366, Supply chain applications of RFID -
  Product packaging
• DIS balloting closes 2006-07-01
• ISO 17367, Supply chain applications of RFID -
  Product tagging
• DIS balloting closes 2006-07-01

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ISO TC 104/SC 4/WG 2Electronic Container Seals
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Sealing and anti-tamper capability

• Bolt Seal Security Tag
• Electronically secures ocean containers, air
  cargo ULD containers, trailers,
• Monitors presence and integrity of bolt seal,
  generates alarm upon bolt removal or breakage
• Re-usable tag
• Reduces manual inspections
• Minimizes theft, loss and tampering

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ISO TC 104 project status

• ISO 830, Freight containers Vocabulary
• CD Ballot closes 2006-03-06
• Revision of ISO 8301999, ISO 8301999/Cor 12001
• ISO 17712, Freight containers Mechanical seals
• Publicly Available Specification (PAS) published
  2005-11-13
• Draft International Standards (DIS) expected
  2006-02-28
• Final Draft International Standards (FDIS)
  expected 2007-01-31
• Published International Standards (IS) expected
  2007-07-31
• ISO 18185, Freight containers Electronic
  container seals
• Part 1, Communication protocol, 2nd DIS balloting
  closes 2006-03-27
• Part 2, Environmental characteristics, Awaiting
  decision by TC 104 SC 4/WG 2
• Part 3, Application requirements, 2005-10-19 -
  with no sustained negatives at DIS . . . IS
  publication requested
• Part 4, Data protection, CD ballot resolution in
  May 2006
• Part 6, Messages sets for transfer between seal
  reader and host computer, 2005-10-19 - to be
  changed to EDI messages and may require scope
  modification
• Part 7, Physical layer, 2nd DIS balloting closes
  2006-03-27

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Three tags - different purposes
Supply Chain Tag - ISO 17363
Container ID Tag - ISO 10374.2
Electronic Seal -ISO 18185
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ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17Integrated Circuit Cards
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Relevant JTC 1/SC 17 Standards
Integrated Circuit(s) Card
Standardization in the area of identification
cards and related devices for use
ininter-industry applications and international
interchange.This is interpreted to cover
allstandardization concerning personal
identificationand/or cards.
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17
Contactless IC Card
IC Cards with Contacts
Remote Coupling
Close Coupling (CICC)
Vicinity (VICC)
Proximity (PICC)
13.56 MHz
13.56 MHz
4.91 MHz
3.57 MHz
70 cm
10 cm
2 mm
Contact
10 kb/s
106 kb/s
106 kb/s
106 kb/s
ISO15693
ISO 14443
ISO 10536
ISO 7816
WG 8/TF 3
WG 8/TF 2
WG 8/TF 1
WG 4
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ISO TC 204/WG 7Intelligent Transport
SystemsGeneral fleet management and
commercial/freight
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Other ISO TC 204CALM (Communication
Air-interface Long and Medium range) Networking
Protocols
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ASC MH10 PINS
Today
Container Reader/ Communicator
Proposed
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On Board Unit (OBU)
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10374.2 Tag
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17364 Tags
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18185 Tag/Seal
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Fingerprint Reader
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17365 Tags
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Transportation Worker ID Card (TWIC) with
Fingerprint BiometricISO/IEC 14443
17363 Tag
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Chassis Tag TC 204 Standard
Tractor Tag TC 204 Standard
On Board Unit (OBU)
?
Tomorrow
Road Side Unit (RSU)
Part of CALM Network
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Standards

• ISO 17365 (transport unit) tags used to build
  17364 pallet tags
• ISO 17364 tags used to build 17363
  container/manifest tags and to communicate with
  container reader/ communicator
• ISO 10374.2 tag identifies container
• ISO 18185 is eSeal tag
• Chassis is identified by ISO TC 204 tag (ISO
  14816)
• Tractor is identified by ISO TC 204 tag (ISO
  14816)
• Driver is identified by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17
  Transportation and DHS Worker Identification Card
  (TWIC)
• On-board Unit (OBU) communicates to Road-side
  Unit (RSU) via CALM (Communication Air-interface
  Long and Medium range) Network (OBU-RSU
  communications protocol provisional)

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Concept of Operations

• As supply chain pallets are being built,
  transport unit tags are loaded to pallet tags
  identifying contents, who built the shipment,
  purchase order number, and when the shipment was
  built.
• As pallets are loaded into the container, pallet
  tags are loaded to container supply chain tags
  identifying contents, who built the shipment,
  purchase order number, container ID, eSeal ID,
  and when the container was stuffed.
• Container loaded onto chassis.
• When the tractor connects to the chassis,
  container information, chassis ID, and tractor ID
  is loaded to the On-board Unit (OBU)
• Driver inserts TWIC to ID card/fingerprint print
  reader
• Immediately prior to border crossing event,
  driver records in vitro fingerprint to the OBU
  and a time stamp of fingerprint read.
• At the border crossing point the contents of the
  OBU are transferred to the Road-side Unit (RSU).
  The Road-side Unit (RSU) might also capture
  information from the Container ID, eSeal, and
  Supply Chain/Manifest tag.
• Process records the matching of the driver to the
  tractor, chassis, container, contents, eSeal, and
  time of the event.

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ITU-TInternational Telecommunications Union -
Technology
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ITU-TThe standardization work of ITU-T is
carried out by the technical Study Groups (SGs)
in which representatives of the ITU-T membership
develop Recommendations (standards) for the
various fields of international
telecommunications. The SGs drive their work
primarily in the form of study Questions. Each of
these addresses technical studies in a particular
area of telecommunication standardization. Each
SG has a SG Chairman and a number of
vice-chairmen appointed by the World
Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA).

• Study Group 2 - Operational aspects of service
  provision, networks and performance
• Lead Study Group on Service definition, Numbering
  and Routing.
• Lead Study Group for Telecommunication for
  Disaster Relief/Early Warning.
• Study Group 3 - Tariff and accounting principles
  including related telecommunication economic and
  policy issues
• Study Group 4 - Telecommunication management
• Lead Study Group on Telecommunication Management.
• Study Group 5 - Protection against
  electromagnetic environment effects
• Study Group 6 - Outside plant and related indoor
  installations
• Study Group 9 - Integrated broadband cable
  networks and television and sound transmission
• Lead Study Group on integrated broadband cable
  and television networks.
• Study Group 11 - Signalling requirements and
  protocols
• Lead Study Group on signalling and protocols
• Lead Study Group on intelligent networks
• Study Group 12 - Performance and quality of
  service
• Lead Study Group on Quality of Service and
  performance.

• Study Group 13 - Next Generation Networks
• Lead study group for NGN and satellite matters.
• Study Group 15 - Optical and other transport
  network infrastructures
• Lead Study Group on Access Network Transport and
  on Optical Technology.
• Study Group 16 - Multimedia terminals, systems
  and applications
• Lead Study Group on multimedia terminals, systems
  and applications.
• Lead Study Group on ubiquitous applications
  (e-everything, such as e-health and
  e-business).
• Study Group 17 - Security, languages and
  telecommunication software
• Lead Study Group on Telecommunication Security.
• Lead Study Group on Languages and Description
  Techniques.
• Study Group 19 - Mobile telecommunication
  networks
• Lead Study Group on mobile telecommunication
  networks and for mobility.
• Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group
  (TSAG)
• TSAG reviews priorities, programmes, operations,
  financial matters and strategies for the Sector,
  follows up on the accomplishment of the work
  programme, restructures and establishes ITU-T
  Study Groups, provides guidelines to the Study
  Groups, advises the Director of TSB, elaborates
  A-series Recommendations on organization and
  working procedures.

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ITU-T Workshop Network RFID 14-15 February 2006

• Objectives
• The event focused on the use of RFID technology
  in networked environments, and review
  international standardization. Particular
  emphasis will be given to the impact that
  networked RFID applications will have on
  telecommunication networks, especially on network
  and service capability requirements and
  inter-working aspects.
• Present the status of RFID technology and
  identify future trends
• Review current and future applications, services
  and business models leveraging networked RFIDs
  (NRFIDs)
• Identify NRFID aspects relevant to
  telecommunications (services and network
  capabilities, architecture, QoS, performance,
  security, etc.)
• Analyse how far existing standards can support
  NRFID applications and services, and identify
  where enhanced or new standards might be needed
• Identify elements for a roadmap for a
  standardization framework, including the
  clarification of the role of applicable SDOs,
  forums and consortia

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Prioritization Conclusions 1/3

• Tentative list of topics of common interest 1/3
• (Scope RFID and Sensors Networks)
• Business models (e.g. service broker
  architecture issue), Architecture (network,
  service stratum) for distributed applications
  (NGN compliance,..)- ITU-T SG13 (SG16)- JTC
  1/SC 6, SC 31- TC 204 - ISO TC 122/104 JWG-
  EPCglobal
• MM service/network requirements and
  capabilities to support present and future
  applications (B2B, B2C, C2C)-
  ITU-TSG2,SG13,SG16- JTC 1/SC 6, SC 31- TC
  204- ISO TC 122/104 JWG
• Signalling requirements and control protocols
  (routing??)- ITU-T SG11- JTC 1/SC 31, SC 6
• (Ubiquitous information service protocols)-
  ITU-T SG2, SG16.
• Security (confidentiality, privacy,
  cryptography,)- ITU-T SG2, SG16, SG17- JTC
  1/SC 6, SC 17, SC 27, SC 31

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Prioritization Conclusions 2/3

• Tentative list of topics of common interest 2/3
• Interoperability, roaming Notes 1. Definition
  of roaming needs to be refined 2.
  Interoperability is relevant to all issues listed
• Data format- ITU-T SG17- JTC 1/SC 6, SC 17,
  SC 31/WG 4/SG 1- ISO TC 122/104 JWG- EPCglobal
• Reader management issue- ITU-T SG4 (?)- JTC
  1/SC 31- EPCglobal
• Object Identification System (coherent, scalable,
  trusted, rapid resolution of identifier,
  interoperability, )- ITU-T SG2, SG11,SG16,
  SG17- JTC 1/SC 6, SC 31/WG 4/SG 1

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Prioritization Conclusions 3/3

• Tentative list of topics of common interest 3/3
• Content negotiation issues- ITU-T SG9,
  SG16,- JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4- OMA, W3C
• Performance and QoSITU-T SG2, SG9, SG13,
  SG16- JTC 1/SC 31/WG 3
• RF aspects (spectrum allocation, intra and extra
  RFID compatibility)- ITU-R, ETSI- JTC 1/SC
  31/WG 4- NFC- National bodies (e.g. MII/China)
• Terminology and Definitions- ITU-T all SGs-
  JTC 1/SC 31
• General notes1. JTC 1/SC 31 work is primarily
  related to Tag-Reader interfaces2. IEEE
  standards applies to sensor-networks3. Priority
  topics are indicated in red

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RFID Experts Group (REG)
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RFID Experts Group

• Formed in February 2004 to assist DoD with RFID
  implementation
• Under the AIM Global umbrella in July 2004
• Reaching out for international cooperation
• EMEA
• Japan
• Korea
• China

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REG Working Groups (WGs)

• WG 5-I Interrogator System Implementation
  Operations
• WG 5-B Back-up
• WG 5-L Enabled Labels Packaging
• WG 5-R Recyclability
• WG 5-Q Tag Quality
• WG 5-E Education Certification
• WG 5-G Global Operation (Regulatory Database)
• WG 5-P Privacy
• WG 5-F Safety (Public Policy)
• WG 5-C Security
• WG 5-T Sensors and Transducers
• WG 5-S Technology Selection
• WG 5-M Software Middleware
• AIM Global RFID Emblem

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ISO/IEC Implementation TRs

• ISO/IEC 24729-1, Information technology Radio
  frequency identification for item management
  Implementation guidelines Part 1 RFID-enabled
  labels and packaging
• Source REG WG 5-L 5-B
• ISO/IEC 24729-2, Information technology Radio
  frequency identification for item management
  Implementation guidelines Part 2
  Recyclability of RF tags
• Source REG WG 5-R
• ISO/IEC 24729-3, Information technology Radio
  frequency identification for item management
  Implementation guidelines Part 3 RFID
  interrogator/antenna installation
• Source REG WG 5-I

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ISO/IEC RFID Tag Quality

• ISO/IEC xxxxx-1, Information technology Radio
  frequency identification for item management
  Conformance Part 1 Qualification of Design and
  Manufacture for RFID
• Source REG WG 5-Q
• ISO/IEC xxxxx-2, Information technology Radio
  frequency identification for item management
  Conformance Part 2 Verification of RFID tag
  quality
• Source REG WG 5-Q