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University of Arizonas South Pole Hydroponic
Project
Amundsen-Scott South Pole Research Station
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Antarctica
.a continent of environmental contrasts
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Antarctica
.for 6 months
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Antarctica
.for the next 6 months
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Antarctica
.repeat.
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The Game Plan Design, Construct, Test
build, Educate, Document, Dismantle, Pack,
Ship Reconstruct for commissioning at South
Pole Nov. 2004 Support operations
F RH PSI kPa South Pole 100-
10 10.5 72 Tucson, AZ 100 10 13.4
93
o
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This is either a real big truck. or some tiny
people
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Food Growth Chamber for the Amundson-Scott New
South Pole Station (HLS92) Gene
Giacomelli Phil Sadler Lane Patterson Stephen
Kania Merle Jensen Chieri Kubota Habitation
2004, an international conference on space
habitation research and technology development
Session 2B - Biomass II January 6, 2004
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Contract with Raytheon Polar Services
Company Colorado Mr. Tim Briggs,
contact Operating Contractor for National
Science Foundation Operations in Antarctica
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Sub-Contract with Sadler Machine
Company Tempe, AZ Mr. Phil Sadler Creativity
Vision Craftsman Experienced on the ice
Sadler Manufactured nutrient delivery
system, HVAC system water-cooled lamps, plant
growth trays
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The UA Design and Construction
(and Research) Team Lane Patterson -
student helper, water-cooled lamp testing Stephen
Kania Staff engineer Engineering systems
design, Instrumentation control Merle
Jensen Plant Sciences Faculty Hydroponics
nutrition Chieri Kubota Plant Sciences
Faculty Plant microclimate (Phil Sadler) -
sub-contractor Gene Giacomelli PI, put out
fires
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Expectations of Product SP Food Growth Chamber
shall include Fresh vegetable production
(FRESHIES) Energy efficiency Resources
conservation User-friendly operation
maintenance Turnkey operation Minimum
assembly Therapeutic passive use Green space
visibility Integration with Amundson-Scott Station
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FRESHIES WITHOUT SOIL? HYDROPONICS!
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South Pole Food Growth Chamber Amundson-Scott
Research Station
Utility Room
Station Hallway
Enter the EnviroRoom
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Station Hallway
Tall crops Tomato, pepper, cucumber
EnviroRoom 4.3x3.1m 14x10ft
Production Room 4.3x5.5m 14x18ft
PR Volume 57 m3 2000 ft3
Starter Trays Seedlings, herbs
Leafy crops Upper troughs (raise/lower)
PR Area 23 m2 250 ft2
Leafy crops Lower troughs (translate)
South Pole Food Growth Chamber
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Integration with the Amundson-Scott South
Pole Station Rm A-123, 1st Floor in Elevated
Station Footprint 17 8 by 28 0 Headspace
9 6 Environment 65 oF with 3 15
RH 120/208 V, 3 phase power Chilled
glycol/water (30 OF at 15 gpm) Heated water (160
oF at 6 gpm) Tele-Communications Water, sewer,
fire alarm suppression Window view from
hallway
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Design Solutions Production Room (PR)
Food production Flexible tray NFT
hydroponic Environmentally controlled Enviro-Ro
om (ER) Relaxation / therapeutic Gardening
CO2 buffer Interface Wall View into PR from
ER Access doors Utilities Conduit from PR to
Utility room
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Design Solutions Separate utility room safe,
secure storage of consumables location of
systems hardware Remote monitoring control
system access via internet to monitor
operations support for production production
troubleshooting Three-year support
program successful implementation operations
maintenance manuals educational training
classes
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Design Solutions Component Process
Developments 1. Advanced technology
water-cooled HID lamps for plant growth
cooperation with NASA-JSC food production in
space program through Space Act
Agreement at Univ. Arizona 2. Double Pass
Growing Tray modular crop production
unit integrated with Station facilities three
independent NDS 3. Automated monitoring
control system appropriate for volunteer
staff robust for automated operations
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Design Solutions Component Process
Developments 1. Advanced technology
water-cooled HID lamps for plant growth
cooperation with NASA-JSC food production in
space program through Space Act
Agreement at Univ. Arizona 2. Double Pass
Growing Tray modular crop production
unit integrated with Station facilities 3.
Automated monitoring control system appropriat
e for volunteer staff robust for automated
operations
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Plant Growth Room
HPS Lamps 2 rows of 6 lamps 12 kW
water-jacketed 1000 W lamps 400 µmol m-2 s-1
PAR
Bi-axially Symmetric Distribution of lighting to
green surfaces
Location of HPS Lamps South Pole Food
Growth Chamber
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Starter Trays
Fixed Upper Troughs
Sliding Lower Troughs
Floor Troughs
Bi-Axial Lighting Symmetry for
plant surfaces within South Pole Food Growth
Chamber
CURRENT STAGE OF CONSTRUCTION
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Paper Number 2003-01-2455 Development and
Evaluation of an Advanced
Water-Jacketed High Intensity
Discharge Lamp Gene A.
Giacomelli and Phil Sadler Randy Lane
Patterson Sadler Machine Company University of
Arizona Daniel J. Barta NASA Johnson Space
Center
Presented at the 33rd ICES Conference Vancouver,
B.C. Canada July 8, 2003
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Summary of Sadler Water-Jacketed Lamp
Operational performance in test stand in terms
of electrical consumption, radiant output,
water-cooling capability longevity. Safe (
Fail-Safe) operational conditions were
demonstrated. Unique physical characteristics,
include quartz annulus independent of the
bulb, no water-tight seals in contact with the
bulb. physically compact with horizontal
orientation minimal vertical profile.
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Support Frame
1000 Watt HPS Lamp
Double-walled annular water-jacket Sadler MC
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245 mm
31 mm Inside diameter
10 mm water channel
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Upper Level
Lower Level
Plant Troughs
Nutrient Storage
Figure 1. Double-level Lamp Test Stand with six
lamps.
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LAMP TEST STAND
INSTRUMENT BOX
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Figure 13. PPF and Irradiance measurements for
Bulb only -- without the glass jacket Bulb
Jacket without coolant water, and Bulb
Jacket Coolant Water -- normal
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Figure 13. PPF and Irradiance measurements for
Bulb only -- without the glass jacket
Bulb Jacket Coolant Water -- normal
Reduction 9.3 PPF 8.6 W m-2
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Design Solutions Component Process
Developments 1. Advanced technology
water-cooled HID lamps for plant growth
cooperation with NASA-JSC food production in
space program through Space Act
Agreement at Univ. Arizona 2. Double Pass
Growing Tray modular crop production
unit integrated with Station facilities Three
independent NDS 3. Automated monitoring
control system appropriate for volunteer
staff robust for automated operations
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2 Doors and Walkways
Utility Room
Door
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Door
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Utility Room
Fixed Upper Troughs
Door
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Tall Fruiting Crops
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Door
Fixed Upper Troughs
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Trough Support Racks with Upper Lower Level
Troughs
Utility Room
Door
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Door
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6 Trough Support Racks with Upper Lower Level
Troughs
Utility Room
Door
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Door
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Lane Patterson
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Transparent Dividing Wall Contains Utilities
Conduits
Utility Room
Door
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Walkway or Lower Troughs
Door
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Transparent Dividing Wall Contains Utilities
Conduits
Utility Room
Fresh water Nutrient solution Lamp cooling
water HVAC coolant HVAC hot water Electrical
power Electrical control Sensor wire Carbon
dioxide Humidifier water Overflow Condensate
Door
Door
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Design Solutions Component Process
Developments 1. Advanced technology
water-cooled HID lamps for plant growth
cooperation with NASA-JSC food production in
space program through Space Act
Agreement at Univ. Arizona 2. Double Pass
Growing Tray modular crop production
unit integrated with Station facilities Three
independent NDS 3. Automated monitoring
control system appropriate for volunteer
staff robust for automated operations
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Argus Monitoring and Control System
Sensors air temperature RH nutrient solution
temperature PPF Carbon dioxide Electrical
Conductivity pH water cooling flow nutrient
solution flow door positions HVAC temperature
differences Maintenance filter pressure
drop Safety cooling water temperature high
carbon dioxide Security door ajar
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4 MONTHS OF CONTINUOUS LIGHT
2 MONTHS OF DUSK
4 MONTHS OF CONTINUOUS DARKNESS
2 MONTHS OF DAWN
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CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE
a multi-disciplinary program in the
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences The
University of Arizona
CEAC