Deep Operations

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Deep Operations

• By CPT Robert L. Crabtree

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PURPOSE

• Provide an information briefing of Deep
  Operations.

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Outline

• Tactical Battlefield Organization
• Deep Operations
• Division Deep Operations
• Functions of Deep Operations
• Critical Components of Deep Operations

• Deep Command and Control
• Deep Operations Planning
• Control Measure
• Summary
• Questions
• Conclusion

4
REFERENCES

• FM 71-100, Division Operations, 28 Aug 96.
• FM 100-15, Corps Operations, 29 Oct 96.
• FM 100-5, Operations, 14 Jun 93.

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Simultaneous application of combat power
throughout the depth of the battle area defeats
the enemy rapidly with minimum friendly
casualties and is preferable to the attrition
nature of sequential operations. FM 100-5
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Tactical Battlefield Organization

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Deep Operations

• Deep operations are directed against enemy forces
  and functions beyond the close battle.
• The corps' close operations usually include the
  deep, close, and rear operations of its committed
  divisions, separate maneuver brigades, or cavalry
  regiments.

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Deep Operations

• Deep operations are not necessarily a function of
  depth, but rather a function of what forces are
  being attacked and the intent of the operation.

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Division Deep Operations(1 of 2)

• Offensive operations.
• Fight enemy division reserves.
• Battalion size.
• Regimental size.
• Then, fights enemy third defensive positions.

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Division Deep Operations(2 of 2)

• Defensive operations.
• Fight enemy second-echelon regiments of the
  first-echelon divisions.
• Then, fight enemy regimental- size elements of
  second echelon divisions.
• Division deep operations occur while its brigades
  conduct close operations.

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Functions of Deep Operations

• Offensive or defensive.
• Interdicting enemy lines of communication (LOCs).
• Preventing the enemys counterattack or his
  employment of follow-on forces.
• Destroying units and critical targets.
• Cutting off routes of withdrawal.
• Providing the commander with information and
  intelligence about enemy capabilities in depth.

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Critical Components of Deep Operations

• Maneuver.
• Deep Fires.
• Deep Command and Control Warfare (C2W).
• Intelligence.

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Deep Operations Systems(1 of 2)

• Systems normally available are
• Ground maneuver units.
• Field artillery (including rockets, missiles, and
  cannon artillery).
• Air interdiction (AI).
• Attack helicopter (AH).
• Air Assault/Airborne forces.

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Deep Operations Systems (2 of 2)

• Systems normally available (continued)
• Psychological Operations (PSYOP).
• Civil affairs (CA).
• Electronic warfare assets.

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Maneuver(1 of 5)

• Infantry forces.
• Remain behind in the enemy rear as "stay behind"
  forces.
• Use infiltration.
• Insert by airborne and air assault operations.

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Maneuver(2 0f 5)

• Armored forces.
• Used when a penetration or an envelopment of the
  forward edge of the battle area (FEBA) is made.

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Maneuver(3 0f 5)

• Fire support accompanies the deep maneuver forces
  through its self-propelled or towed capability,
  or through the use of aviation lift assets.
  However, if possible, supporting fires should be
  fired from the friendly side of the forward line
  of troops (FLOT).
• Risks.

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Maneuver(4 0f 5)

• Aviation.
• Conducts attack helicopter operations against
  enemy armored units, artillery, or key
  facilities.
• Conducts Joint Air Attack Team (JAAT) operations.

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Maneuver(5 0f 5)

• Supports air assault operations.
• Supports ground maneuver with attack helicopters
  and aerial re-supply.
• Participates is J-SEAD.

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Deep Fires(1 0f 7)

• Deep fires are conducted with organic and
  supporting Army field artillery and joint
  fires-both air and ground.

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Deep Fires(2 of 7)

• Field Artillery.
• Suppress/neutralize targets.
• Destroy High Pay-off targets.
• Delay and disrupt second echelon forces.
• J-SEAD and JAAT operations.
• Counter battery fires.

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Deep Fires(3 of 7)

• Jamming.
• Jam enemy fire direction and command nets.
• Support J-SEAD.
• Deconflict jamming with adjacent units.

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Deep Fires(4 of 7)

• TAC AIR.
• Conduct Battle field air interdiction (BAI) to
  delay disrupt, and destroy HPTs in enemy rear.
• JAAT operations and J-SEAD.
• Aerial EW and reconnaissance.
• Counter air.
• Close air support.
• Troop transport.
• Resupply operations.

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Deep Fires(5 of 7)

• Nuclear.
• Destroy enemy formations, command and control,
  logistics, nuclear and chemical munitions.
• Create significant obstacles.

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Deep Fires(6 of 7)

• Chemical.
• Destroy or delay enemy formations.
• Contaminate enemy command and control facilities,
  logistics, nuclear and chemical weapons.
• Create significant obstacles.

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Deep Fires(7 of 7)

• Joint Suppression of Enemy Air Defense
  (J-SEAD).
• Protect TAC AIR and Army aviation conducting deep
  operations.
• Locate enemy air defense systems.
• Jam enemy air defense radars and communications
  nets.
• Attack ADA weapons systems and fire control
  systems.

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Deep Command and Control Warfare (C2W)

• The key component of information warfare.
• Integrates OPSEC, military deception, jamming,
  and physical destruction to deny information to
  an enemy to influence, degrade, or destroy an
  enemy's C3 capabilities and to protect friendly
  C3 capabilities against such enemy actions.

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Intelligence

• Intelligence.
• Long-range intelligence-acquisition and
  targeting.
• Electronic warfare.
• Joint assets.

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Deep Command and Control

• A clear intent, mission-type orders, and
  detailed, but simple, plans are the keys to
  successful division deep operations.

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Deep Operations Planning(1 0f 4)

• Deep operations coordination cell (DOCC).
• Synchronizes all aspects according to commanders
  guidance.
• Ensures unity of effort.
• Fully integrates the use of capabilities.

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Deep Operations Planning(2 of 4)
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Deep Operations Planning(3 0f 4)

• Targeting methodology.
• Decide - select high pay-off targets (HPTs).
• Detect Target tracking.
• Develop intelligence collection plan.
• Named areas of interest (NAIs).
• Targeted areas of interest (TAIs).

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Deep Operations Planning (4 0f 4)

• Deliver Death and Destruction.
• Applicable air or ground assault forces.
• Field artillery.
• Tactical air.
• Attack helicopters.
• Electronic attack.
• Asses.

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Control Measure

• Joint standardized control measures are used in
  the deep operations coordination process.
• The fire support coordination line (FSCL) is a
  line that the appropriate ground commander
  establishes to ensure coordination of fires and
  interdiction not under his control but which
  might directly affect his current tactical
  operations.
• The FSCL is a permissive fire control measure,
  not a boundary.

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Summary

• Tactical Battlefield Organization
• Deep Operations
• Division Deep Operations
• Functions of Deep Operations
• Critical Components of Deep Operations

• Deep Command and Control
• Deep Operations Planning
• Control Measure
• Summary
• Questions
• Conclusion

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Questions ?
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Conclusion

• Synchronizing deep operations throughout the
  depth of the modern battle field will save
  friendly lives and assist the Poor Bastards on
  the other side in dying for their country.