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L17
Linux Today
Brian Dolan-Goecke
Atlanta, Georgia
October 8-12, 2001
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Brian Dolan-Goecke
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Contact
Email Brian_at_Goecke-Dolan.com WebSite
www.Goecke-Dolan.com/Brian Phone [phone]
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Linux Today
Today, Linux is a fun and exciting development in
the IT world. In this presentation we will
investigate the evolution of Linux. We will
begin by covering some common questions about
Linux. Then we look at the current state of
Linux, what it has to offer and where it comes up
short. To conclude we will look at future
development in Linux.
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Linux Basics
What is Linux ? Where did it come from ? Open
Source ? What is Linux composed of ? How does
one get Linux ?
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What Is Linux ?
Common Definition A Unix Operating System and
Applications that run on multiple machines from
PDAs to Mainframes
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What Is Linux ?
Technical Definition Collection of programs
distributed with the "Linux Kernel", and most
often with several additional applications.
Often programs and tools included are from GNU,
BSD and many other contributors
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Where Did Linux Come From ?
Linus Torvalds, a student at the University of
Helsinki, wrote the Kernel code and released it
to the world in 1991
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Grow
When Torvolds released the Linux Kernel code onto
the Internet he did this in a Free, no strings
attached manner. He was actively looking for
feedback, answers and help
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Open Source
At the heart of Linux Comes in flavors Can be
more complex than the software! Lineo has GPL
manager tool See www.opensource.org for more info
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Linux Grew To
10 years later, Linux has grown to about
2,437,470 lines of code, with thousands of
developers contributing With thousands of
applications (packages) being written and
developed for it
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What Is Linux Composed Of ?
Linux Kernel (from Linus Torvalds) GNU Programs
(from GNU Project) Other software More correctly
called a "GNU/Linux Distribution"
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Common Distributions
Slackware RedHat Caldera Mandrake Debian Corel
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Slackware
Current Version 8.0 Notes Oldest
distribution WebSite www.slackware.com
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RedHat
Current Version 7.1 Notes Best known
distribution Company is more than just
distribution Has Alpha CPU Distribution Has
Itanium CPU Distribution WebSite
www.RedHat.com
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Caldera
Current Version 3.1 Notes Have products for
machines classes Combined with
SCO/Unix WebSite www.Caldera.com
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Mandrake
Current Version 8.0 Notes Based on RedHat
? Known for speed Graphical interface,
install, admin, more Has PowerPC
version WebSite www.Mandrake.com
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SuSE
Current Version 7.2 Notes Many available
packages Popular in Europe Available on 6
CD's or DVD WebSite www.SuSE.com
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Debian
Current Version 2.2r3 (Potato) Notes A
completely Open Source distribution Multiple
CPU Architectures Have some special
distributions WebSite www.Debian.org
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Corel
Current Version Second Edition Notes Based on
Debian Bundled with Corel Linux Products Sold
to xandrox ? WebSite www.corel.com/Linux
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Notable Distributions
YellowDog, for Mac/PowerPC NSA Secure
Linux Several Single-Use Distributions NetMax --
www.netmax.com
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How Does One Get Linux ?
Buy a distribution Download a distribution Build
you own distribution
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Questions
Audience Questions
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Current Linux
Linux Kernel 2.4 Other Software
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Kernel 2.4
Released January 4, 2001 Made Linux more robust
and stable with better performance. A lot of
these advances make Linux more appealing to the
enterprise user. Newest Kernel is 2.4.10,
released 9/23/2001
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Linux Advances Highlights
New Architectures Optimizations Better SMP Better
Resource Management Extended Limits DevFS New
File Systems
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New Architectures
Intel Itanium (ia64) IBM Mainframe
(S/390) SuperH MIPS 64-bit
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Optimizations
Pentium III AMD Cyrix MMX/MMX2 MTRR/MCR
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Expanded Support For Buses
Added direct ISA "Plug and Play" support I2O
devices Robust resource management Key for
enterprise
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Better SMP
Multi IO-APIC (Also non-SMP IO-APIC) Can handle
many more simultaneous processes Configurable
process limit More efficient scheduler Key for
Enterprise
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Resource Management
New Resource Management Subsystem Works better
with "Plug and Play" Has PCI card database Works
with DevFS
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Expanded Limits
4.2 Billion Users and Groups 64 GB Ram on Intel
hardware 16 Ethernet Cards 10 IDE
Controlers Remove 2GB file size limit Key for
Enterprise
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Shared Memory
POSIX-style shared memory segments Still has SysV
shared memory compatibility
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VFS Changes
Faster and simpler single-buffer
system Multi-File System mounts More Partition
Table types
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Logical Volume Manager
Added great flexibility to disk management Key
for enterprise
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File System Advances
Journal File System - Ext3 - Reizerfs - IBM
JFS -SGI JFS HPFS Read/Write UDF (cdrom/dvd
filesystem)
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Embedded Memory Devices
Memory Technology Devices (MTD) Disk-On-Chip Onboa
d memory as MTD Flash Memory More...
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Embedded Filesystems
Compressed ROM FS (CRAMFS) ROM FS (ROMFS) Simple
RAM-Based FS (RAMFS)
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New Devices
USB IrDA Firewire (IEEE1394) Improved DVD
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DevFS
Adds ability for dynamic devices Adds ability for
static devices nodes Devices created by driver as
loaded Directory hierarchy for devices Larger
device name space
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Desktop Advances
Direct Rendering Manager Improved DVD
support Digitizer Pad as Mice Parallel device
layer rewritten
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Software Packages
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Servers
SAMBA Apache Tomcat/Java
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Desktop Software
XFree86 4.x GUI Advances - KDE -Gnome Gnome
adoption by UNIX community
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Other Software
Linux Clustering More games
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Linux Future
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Linux Needs
Better HotSwap More raid support
(soft/hard) GFS More Fiber Channel Support
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Linux Future
Continued improvements More devices
supported More clustering
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Linux Will Be Seen
Embedded devices - PDA's - Multimedia devices -
Networking devices - Other Continued server
growth
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What do you think Linux needs for the future ?
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Resources
GNU - www.GNU.org OpenSource - www.OpenSource.org
Linux - www.Linux.com Linux Documentation Project
- www.linuxdoc.org Linux Kernel -
www.kernel.org OPENSOURCES Book -
http//www.oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/t
oc.html
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Articles
The Bullet Points Linux 2.4-Part Deux Linux
Journal, September 2000 More Than a Gigabuck
Estimating GNU/Linux's Size by David A. Wheeler
(dwheeler_at_dwheeler.com) www.dwheeler.com/sloc/redh
at71-v1/redhat71sloc.html Linux History -
http//www.li.org/linuxhistory.php Wonderful
World of Linux 2.4 - http//linuxtoday.com/news_s
tory.php3?ltsn2001-01-05-007-04-NW-LF-KN
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Books
The Cathedral the Bazaar Musings on Linux and
Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary Eric
S. Raymond Paperback Edition February 2001
ISBN 0-596-00108-8 www.ora.com Open
Sources Voices from the Open Source
Revolution Edited by Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman
Mark Stone 1st Edition January 1999 ISBN
1-56592-582-3 www.ora.com
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Version Info
Brian Dolan-Goecke Brian_at_Goecke-Dolan.com http//w
ww.goecke-dolan.com/Brian/Presentations Linux
Today Presentation Version 1.2 10/9/2001