Networking Strategies for Internet Traffic Indian Scenario

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Networking Strategies for Internet Traffic -
Indian Scenario

• Sanjay Kumar Saxena
• VSNL, INDIA
• sanjay_at_vsnl.com

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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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Introduction
Asia-Pacific Internet Penetration
Grows Fastest Among Key Global Regions Q4 2001
data from Nielsen//NetRatings revealed a growth
in Internet penetration in the Asia Pacific
region of 5.6 compared with the preceding
quarter - ahead of North America (3.3),
Europe/Middle East/Africa (4.9) and Latin
America (3.5). The region now accounts for 22
of the global Internet population. Within Asia
Pacific, Japan experienced the highest growth at
8.9, followed by New Zealand (5.6) with Hong
Kong and Australia each at 5.0.
Source
Nielsen//NetRatings 2002
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INTERNET IN ASIA PACIFIC
Asia Pacific Commerce and Usage, 2006
Bubble 2006 Internet Users
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INTERNET IN ASIA PACIFIC

• As per study by Dataquest Inc, (a unit of
  research and advisory firm Gartner Inc.)
• The number of Internet subscribers in the
  Asia-Pacific region will zoom past those in the
  United States
• Thus Asia-Pacific will be the world's largest
  Internet market within three years.

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ASIA PACIFIC INTERNET GROWTH

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Growth of traffic

• Growth for traffic for various services in last 2
  years
• INTERNET IP BASED 500
• DATA
  25
• VOICE
  10
• MIGRATION FROM
• PSTN TO INTERNET 30

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INDIA INTERNET GROWTH

• India will experience the highest growth rate
• Falling prices and improved infrastructure will
  be the drivers
• Average subscriber growth of 44 percent from 2001
  to 2005
• By 2005 India will have about 21.3 million
  Internet subscribers

(As per study by Gartner Dataquest )
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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT

• Traffic is still being exchanged out side
  Asia-Pacific
• Most of the countries in the region are
  connecting directly to exchange points in US
• Larger co-ordination is required to exchange the
  traffic locally
• Efforts required to limit the number exchange
  points in region
• Exchange Points need to be developed in
  hierarchal manner

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CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT OF TRAFFIC
Today, the US is the 1 hub for most countries in
Asia Pacific. For many countries, it is
the national IXP and backbone.
Latency and bandwidth are the two
biggest obstacles to the emergence of a
comprehensive domestic content community.
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CURRENT TRAFFIC EXCHANGE IN REGION

• Most of the traffic is interchanged via Internet
  Exchange Points located in USA.
• Some traffic is exchanged via Internet exchange
  points in this region like Singtel IX , VSNL,
  HKIX etc.
• Some traffic is exchanged via Inter Country links
  in the region.

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Traffic Exchange - Typical Case

• Routing of traffic should normally take the
  fastest and cheapest route
• Routing via USA has been and often remains a
  typical characteristic of exchange of internet
  traffic
• This asymmetry in internet traffic between the
  USA and other regions arise due to
• original structure of the internet
• disparities in the source
• economic factors

Source - Report from Directorate General,
Information Society of the European Commission (
Sep 2000),
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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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INDIAN TRAFFIC EXCHANGE IN REGION

• VSNL is working as National Internet Exchange
  Point( NIXP) for India
• Almost all ISPs (110) in India connected to VSNL
  
• VSNL is connected to SINGTEL IX with 18 Mbps
  capacity, which is exchanging traffic between
  India and major Asia-Pacific countries

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INDIAN TRAFFIC EXCHANGE IN REGION

• VSNL is also having 128 Kbps direct peering
  circuit with KDD, Japan which is used to exchange
  traffic between VSNL KDD.
• Rest of the regional traffic is interchanged by
  VSNL via Internet exchange points in USA.
• VSNL is having around 850 Mbps of Internet
  bandwidth with USA Europe.

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VSNL INTERNATIONAL CONNECTIVITY FOR INTERNET
TELEGLOBEUSA
ITALY
JAPAN
518 Mbps
CWUSA
120 Mbps
128 KBPS
8 Mbps
N. DELHI
CALCUTTA
155 Mbps
Global Crossing
MUMBAI
CHENNAI
18 Mbps
COCHIN
SINGTEL IX

• 850 MBPS INTERNATIONAL CONNECTIVITY

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VSNL- ISP of ISPs

• VSNL is ISP of ISPs in the country
• VSNL working as National Internet exchange point
  (NIXP) for over 110 ISPs in INDIA
• gt 600 Mbps port connectivity to ISPs at
  various nodes of VSNL on transit and peering
  basis

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VSNLS OPERATIONS ON SATELLITE SYSTEM
620
640
600
660
Std A Std A C
JALLANDHAR-Std C
570
DEHRADUN
Std B
CHANDIGARH
IDR
830
NEW DELHI
IDR
Std C
KANPUR
Std F1
3590
Std A
Std A
GUWAHATI
INDORE
HALISAHAR
IDR
IDR
Std A1 A2
Std A05
LES
IDR
KOLKATA
Std F3
ARVI
BHUBNESHWAR
IDR
MUMBAI
PUNE
HYDERABAD
IDR
GOA
IDR
Std A/C
Std B
Std A
Std F3
IBS
Std B
Ambattur
BANGALORE
CHENNAI
IDR
Std F1
COIMBATORE
COCHIN -Std B
Std F1
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
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INDIAS CABLE SYSTEMS
TPC 4
HAW 4
HJK
GULF
TPC 3
IOCOM
GPT
Safe/Sat3
Sea-me-we3 (digital) Sea-me-we2 (digital)FLAG
(digital)Gulf Cable (Analog)Iocom
Cable (Analog) Safe/Sat3 (Planned)
TASMAN 2
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VSNL International Bandwidth Projection
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VSNL Bandwidth Usage
1000
790
694
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Internet Bandwidth DevelopmentIn India

• On 15th Aug 1995 VSNL Started with
• 64 kbps of International Connectivity
• 256 KBPS of Domestic Backbone
• Today VSNL is having
• 1 GBPS of International Backbone
• 2 GBPS of National Backbone

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VSNL CORE BACKBONE
2MB
New-Delhi
Goa
Jallandhar
685 MBPS
68 MB
2MB
Kanpur
7513
Gandhinagar
Dehradun
Mumbai
Indore
Calcutta
38MB
Pune
Gauhwati
163 MB
2MB
Patna
Ernakulam
Trivandrum
Bangalore
7513
B,Neshwar
Coimbtore
7206
4 MB
4MB
Hyderabad
7513
International Capacity
Chennai
STM-1
Pondicherry
34MBPS
Nx 2MBPS
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VSNL Internet Bandwidth Prices
2000
Today
Prices in Lakhs
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VSNL AS NIXP IN INDIA
Global Internet
KDD
VSNL
ISPs in India
Connection to various regional ISPs
Peering Transit
Singtel IX
Peering
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VSNL-SINGTEL PEERING LINK
TOTAL CAPACITY 9 x 2Mbps
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VSNL-KDD PEERING LINK
TOTAL CAPACITY 128 Kbps
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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING

• Due to Heterogeneously interconnected networks of
  various ISPs, the service providers lack with
• Control of Network Elements in ISPs networks.
• Network Management information
• Traffic Management Information
• Peering and Transit information in ISPs network
  in detail.

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IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING - USER

• Following Impacts have been observed on Internet
  Users due to the current routing arrangement -
• LATENCY
• LOW QOS
• NETWORK INEFFICIENCY
• CONGESTION
• PACKET LOSS
• ASYMMETRIC INTERNET CHARGING PATTERNS
• HIGH COST
• CUSTOMER DISSATISFACTION

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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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CHALLENGES

• In Asia-Pacific , E-Commerce is bringing several
  challenges concerning preparedness, proliferation
  and applications. The Internet traffic growth due
  to this is going to be enormous.
• Growth of Voice over IP traffic in Asia Pacific
  region and recent opening of Internet Telephony
  Services in India, The Internet traffic growth in
  Asia Pacific Region is going to be enormous.
  Exchanging the telephony traffic via USA , will
  give poor quality of service to customers of Asia
  Pacific Region.

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CHALLENGES

• Lack of Transparent National and Regional
  Internet Traffic Exchange Points in Asia Pacific
  Region
• Lack of National/Regional Initiatives to
  harmonize the traffic from competing ISPs over
  heterogeneously interconnected Internets
• Bottlenecks and costs involved in Local loop
  feasibility and access.
• Lack of collaborative efforts by ISPs for
  monitoring the overall performance of the Network

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CHALLENGES

• To meet the increasing requirements of Internet
  traffic in Asia-Pacific Region, the main
  challenge is Initiatives by National/Regional
  Exchange points to harmonize the traffic between
  competing ISPs in Asia-Pacific region over
  heterogeneously interconnected Internets, so that
  the regional traffic can be interchanged between
  them within the region only.

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STRATEGIES

• Raising Awareness amongst ISPs in Asia Pacific
  Region for traffic exchange in the region
• Enhancing Network Infrastructure in the region
• Improving Policies and Regulations
• Reducing the Cost of bandwidth
• Direct Interconnection between ISPs
• Establishing policies for Public Internet
  Exchange points

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STRATEGIES - PRIVATE INTERCONNECTS

• Private Interconnect
• Two ISPs or NSPs negotiate a bi-lateral private
  interconnection.
• Lease Line connection
• Shared WAN Medium - SMDS or ATM
• Back-to-Back router connection at a router

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STRATEGIES - PRIVATE INTERCONNECTS

• Private Interconnects usually exchange routes
  between two AS.

AS 1
AS 2
BGP
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STRATEGIES - PRIVATE INTERCONNECTS

• BGP route maps are used to insure only routes
• from local ASNs are exchanged.

• Saves bandwidth reduces latency

• Each redistributes local information into their
• IGP (OSPF or iBGP) for proper forwarding
• decisions in their backbone.

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STRATEGIES - PRIVATE INTERCONNECTS

• Each pays for their 1/2 circuit.
• Each party open to join other backbones.
• Each party can compete with each other as a
  regional Internet Hub while enjoying the benefits
  of mutual collaboration.

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STRATEGIES - IXPs

• Establishing and operating National /Regional
  exchange points ( NIXP/RIXP)
• Planning national/regional addressing and Routing
  schemes for routing of Internet Traffic.
• Establishing and promoting sharing of
• common network resources amongst the ISPs of
  the Asia Pacific Region.
• Support infrastructure for conforming to
  end-to-end QoS to customers.
• Settlement rates/billing for sharing of common
  resources of various ISPs in Asia Pacific Region.
• Monitoring and managing traffic flows

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AGENDA

• INTRODUCTION
• CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENT
• INDIAN SCENARIO
• IMPACTS OF CURRENT ROUTING ARRANGEMENTS
• CHALLENGES STRATEGIES
• CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION

• Enormous growth in Internet traffic in Asia
  Pacific Region in future.
• ISPs in this region need to understand the
  necessity of Interchanging traffic within region
  instead of exchanging via USA.
• Establishment of National /Regional exchange
  points ( NIXP/RIXP)
• Need of increase in Direct Interconnection
  between ISPs in Asia Pacific Region.

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