Korean in Contact with Japanese

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Korean in Contact with Japanese

• Sun Kuk Kim
• March 3, 2005

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1. Ancient Contacts
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Korea as Medium for Culture and Technology to
Japan

• Invaders of the islands, immigrants, and trader
  set out from Korea
• The wet cultivation of rice, methods for weaving
  cloth, and bronze and iron
• Not many records of these early contacts but has
  strong circumstantial evidence
• Similar wall paintings of ??? and ?? tombs
• Many ancient art objects in Japan were almost
  certainly crafted in Korea

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Comparison of wall paintings

• http//www.goongdo.or.kr/y127.html (?????)

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Continued

• http//blog.khan.co.kr/ (?? ??)

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Borrowed Japanese Words
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???? (Three Kingdoms)

• Japans close relationships with Korean states
  especially close with ?? and ??
• ?? introduced Buddhism into Japan in 552 CE

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Continued
Source http//chungdong.or.kr/
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???? ?? (Unified Silla)

• 676 CE 935 CE
• Japanese stationed interpreters on Tshushima
  Island
• Japanese borrowing of some terminology associated
  with the workings of the early Japanese state
• Around eighth century, Korean taught language in
  Japan (?? and Katakana)

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Continued
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Source ?? http//user.chollian.net/cytchoi/hom
e4/goo_gyul.htm
Source Katakana - http//www2.tokai.or.jp/yuki/ka
takana.htm
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Japanese Borrowing in Later Periods

• Loan words from late traditional times are rare
  (exception ??)
• Ideas and material objects had started to arrive
  from the West to Japan
• tambako -gt tambai -gt ??

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2. Colonial Periods
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Japan as New Source of Vocabulary

• Starting from late nineteenth century, Korean
  started to borrow words from Japanese
• Lasted until the end of world war II
• During colonial period, use of Korean in any form
  was suppressed
• ?? ?? ??

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3. Coping with the Aftermath
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Continued

• Campaigns launched to eliminate Japanese
  influences from the Korean vocabulary
• Japanese words already penetrated deeply into
  Korean life and culture

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Continued

• Eat ?????, ??, ??, ???, and ???
• Carry belongings in ?? (?? ??)
• Wear sodenasi (???) sleeveless shirts and ???
  (suit) coats
• Women curl their hair with kote (curling) iron
  and wear ?? dark blue dresses with a ???
  polka-dot pattern (Japanese ten-ten dot-dot)
• Serve food on an obon (??) tray and store
  belongings in an osiire closet or a tansu
  chest of drawers
• An indiscriminate mixture is still called ??, and
  a bribe is referred to as wairo (??)

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??
Source http//kdaq.empas.com/qna/3367435
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?????
Source http//members.nate.com/whanjae/godori/mod
n.jpg
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Renamed Japanese Words

• The Japanese-style box lunch, obento -gt ?? -gt???
• hanafuda -gt ??
• waribasi splittable wooden chopsticks
  -gt ????? wooden chopsticks
• takuan pickled radish -gt ???
• ???? -gt ???, ??? -gt ????, ???? -gt ???? (in 1996)

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??
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Renamed Japanized Western Vocabularies

• tokei watch -gt ??
• nail clippers ????-gt ????
• tamanegi onions -gt ?? (literally) Western
  scallions
• and ???? light bulbs -gt ??

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4. Japanese in Korean Today

• Today Korean language still shows evidence of its
  previous interaction with Japanese although it is
  not always easy to see
• Many words of Japanese origin are not listed in
  most Korean dictionaries (? ??)

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??
Source http//image3.miodio.co.kr/photo/album31/3
00260/1961/org/o_20040802022230_11450.jpg
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Japanese Originated Words

• These are disguised because it is written in
  Chinese characters and given Korean
  pronunciations
• The majority of modern terms formed out of
  Chinese roots were created in Japan
• Most of this vocabulary was adopted into China as
  well as Korea

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Examples
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Western Words

• Many western words were imported through Japan
• ????? (??) comes from German Arbeit, but the
  Japanese brought the word to Korea
• ?, bread, came from Portuguese into Korean via
  Japanese pan ?? French gomme through Japanese
  gomu
• Most such vocabulary was Japanized English

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Japanized English
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Continued

• Phonetics of some of these words changed to
  appear more English-like
• (shopping) center is ?? instead of ??
• butter is ?? instead of ??
• and ???? instead of ????
• The most heavily Japanized vocabulary is the
  terminology of certain professions

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Other Influences

• Contacts with Japanese also influenced grammar
• The pronoun ??
• The use of ?? as adverb (?? ????)

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Idiomatic Expressions

• Japanese and Korean share many identical
  idiomatic expressions
• ??? ???
• ????
• ?? ???
• ?? ??
• ?? ???
• ?? ??

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THANK YOU