Solves Difficult Active or Legacy Contamination Problems

1
BLUE SKYMeans Clean Water
An Innovative, Precise Water Treatment Process
that Can Meet or Exceed Most Discharge
Requirements

• Solves Difficult Active or Legacy Contamination
  Problems
• Produces Results Beyond Capabilities of Currently
  Accepted Technologies
• Treatment Costs are Similar to Conventional Lime
  Treatments with Sludge Volumes and Disposal Costs
  Greatly Reduced

2
Ionic State Modification

• Alters the chemical and physical properties
• of metal contaminants within aqueous solutions
• Pretreat influent when necessary
• Ionic State Modification (ISM) Reactor designed
  based on the specific contaminants in the waste
  stream in order to change the ionic state of
  targeted metal ions
• Reactor oxidizes or reduces specific ions with
  focused, strong electric and magnetic fields
• As a result, ionic state of contaminants changes
  to allow precipitation with conventional
  chemistry
• Collect post-treatment residue may have some
  recycle value
• Pure, clean water is produced that meets
  discharge standards

3
BLUE SKYMill Bull Tunnel Project, 2001-02

• Over 51 million gallons treated, just under 2
  years of operation
• Remote tunnel drilling site on USFS land in El
  Dorado County El Dorado Irrigation District
  Project
• Met NPDES permit discharge levels
• Chemical Costs - gt.002 per gallon
• Sludge Removed 360 55-gallon barrels ½ cubic
  feet / 1000 gallons treated
• Electrical Costs - gt25,000 for entire project
• Water released into nature at site No on-site
  ponding or containment required
• Effluent fluctuations of primary metals Results

4
BLUE SKYLeviathan Mine Bench Tests, 1999

• In 1998, collected and treated four gallons of
  greatly concentrated AMD samples from 3 pond
• Filtering treated AMD produced .825 pounds of 80
  moisture metal hydroxide cake
• Cake was reduced to .155 pounds or .05 pounds of
  dry sludge, less than 2 tons of sludge per
  million gallons
• 3.5 gallons of the 4.25 gallon sample were
  treated with the membrane device
• 2.65 gallons passed through as dischargeable
  water
• .85 gallons of sulfate concentrate bypassed by
  the unit as a side stream.
• Tests of side stream indicated sulfate
  concentration of 79,700 ppm concentrate was
  treated and converted to 2.2 pounds of an
  agricultural sulfate product - 2.58 pounds of
  sulfate material per gallon of concentrate
  generated
• Blue Sky method would bypass / make obsolete
  elaborate ponding measures

5
BLUE SKYBerkeley Pit Bench Test, 1996

• Conclusions of EPA / DOE / MSE sponsored report
• Dissolved / suspended metals sulfates reduced
  by 99.98
• Method able to remediate AMD with environmentally
  safe chemical reagents
• While not to EPA std., sulfate level reduced 1/3
  compared to std. chemistry results
• Sulfates converted to insoluble anhydrous calcium
  and magnesium sulfates
• Metals and sulfates were removed in separate
  processes

6
BLUE SKYMammoth Mine, CA Bench / Site Testing,
1999

• Approx. 100,000 gallons of AMD treated
• Produced approx. 150 gallons of de-watered metal
  oxide sludge
• Initial lab analysis revealed sulfate levels of
  1600 ug/l in the untreated AMD (removed with the
  metal cake)
• Sulfate level of the treated AMD - below 500 ppm
• Metal hydroxides and calcium sulfate were
  precipitated as a single sludge cake

7
BLUE SKYIron Mountain Bench Test, 1998

• AMD unusually high in copper - most in the Cu1
  ionic state Cu1 was oxidized to Cu2 prior to
  hydroxide precipitation
• Very high levels of three other toxic metals
  arsenic, cadmium and nickel had to raise the
  effluent pH above 9.5 for the formation of
  insoluble metal hydroxides
• Demetallized AMD put through a second treatment
  stage for the reduction of residual sulfates
• Two-stage treated water exceeded drinking water
  standards for heavy metals and significantly
  reduced sulfate levels

8
Recent Bench Tests

• Closed Northern CA Gold Mine
• November 2007
• Preliminary Results

9
Benefits / Advantages

• Flexible flow rates - from 5 gpm to 1k gpm
• Small footprint for remote sites or large fixed
  facilities at accessible, high volume sites
• Drastically reduces metal sludge and other
  post-treatment residues like calcium sulfate
• Saves money on additives, power and sludge
  handling costs
• Can operate 24/7, 365, all-weather with minimal
  staff

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UsesWherever theres contaminated water

• Industrial
• metal shops, light industry, recyclables
• Construction
• bridges, hydroelectric, buildings, tunneling,
  reclamation
• Acid Mine Drainage
• Copper, Zinc, Lead, Silver and other acid-metal
  mine effluents, etc.
• Specialties
• emergencies, floods, remote/portable
• Difficult or Mixed Waste Streams
• MTBE, selenium, arsenic, complex organic compounds

11
BLUE SKYMeans Clean Water

• Proven
• Reliable
• Effective
• Safe

Contact - Bill Whiteside Blue Sky Water
Technologies, Inc. 916-988-1182 bill_at_blueskytechno
logies.biz blueskytechnologies.biz