CPET 355

1
CPET 355

• 2. The Physical Layer -
• Guided Transmission Media
• Paul I-Hai Lin, Professor
• Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology
• Purdue University, Fort Wayne Campus

2
Guided Transmission Media

• Twisted Pair
• Unshielded Twisted Pair, Shielded Twisted Pair
• Copper Metal shield Plastic cover
• Coaxial Cable
• Inner conductor copper outer conductor
  shieldmetal foil, braid plastic cover)
• Fiber Optics
• Core glass cladding less dense glass or
  plastic plastic cover

3
Twisted Pairs

• Shield twisted pair
• IBM Token Ring cabling
• Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
• Category 1 - lt 100 Kbps, analog, Telephone
• Category 2 - lt 2 Mbps, A/D, T1-lines
• Category 3 10 Mbps, digital, LANs
• Category 4 20 Mbps, digital, LANs
• Category 5 100 Mbps, digital, LANs
• Category 6 400 Mbps, digital, LANs
• Category 7 600 Mbps, digital, LANs

4
Twisted Pairs

• Un-shield twisted pair (UTP)
• Category 3 - up to 16 MHz, voice and data on
  10BaseT Ethernet
• Category 5
• up to 100 MHz
• 1000 Mbps (4-pair) 155 Mbps ATM, Gigabit Ethernet
  
• Category 5E 100 Mbps TPDDI, 155 Mbps ATM

5
10BaseT Cat 5 RJ 45 Cabling

• Pin Signal
• 1 TD
• 2 TD-
• 3 RD
• 4 Not Used
• 5 Not Used
• 6 RD-
• 7 Not Used
• 8 Not Used

6
IEEE 10BaseT Connection

• Pin Label Color Code
• 1 T2 White/Orange
• 2 R2 Orange/White
• 3 T3 White/Green
• 4 R1  
• 5 T1
• 6 R3 Green/White
• 7 T4
• 8 R4
•  

7
EIA/TIA-568A and ATT 258A Connector
Specifications

• (Recommended by the IEEE for 100Base-TX and T4
  operation EIA Electronics Industries
  Association, TIA Telecommunications Industries
  Association)
• Pin Label Color Code
• 1 T2 White/Orange (Orange Stripe)
• 2 R2 Orange/White (Orange Solid)
• 3 T3 White/Green (Green Stripe)
• 4 R1 Blue/White (Blue Solid)
• 5 T1 White/Blue
  (Blue Stripe)
• 6 R3 Green/White
  (Green Solid)
• 7 T4 White/Brown
  (Brown Stripe)
• 8 R4 Brown/White (Brown Solid)

8
EIA-TIA 586B Specification
9
Cat 6 Cables

• Category 6 up to 400 MHz, super fast broad band
  applications
• Cat 6 Cabling A Standard and System Overview-
  published by Cat 6 Consortium http//www.tiaonline
  .org/marketdev/whitepapers/category6_81502.pdf

10
Cat 7 Cables

• Category 7 600 to 700 MHz, super fast broad
  band applications
• http//www.reachome.com/en/cat67.htm

11
Coaxial Cable

• Categories (radio government rating)
• RG-59 75 ohms, CATV, cable modem
• RG-58 50 ohms, 10Base2 (200m) or Thin Ethernet
• Rg-11 50 ohms, 10Base5 (2000 m) or Thick
  Ethernet
• Connectors
• BNC (Bayone-Neill-Concelman) connector
• BNC T connector
• BNC Terminator

12
Coaxial Cable

• RF coaxial cable 75 ohms http//www.elti.si/CABLE
  S/KABLI/RF_COAXIAL_CABLES_75_Ohm.htm
• RF coaxial cable 50 ohms http//www.elti.si/CABLE
  S/KABLI/RF_COAXIAL_CABLES_50_Ohm.htm

13
Fiber Optics

• Three major components
• Light source LED, Laser
• Fiber
• Detector Photo diode

14
Fiber Optics

• Terms
• Refraction the deflection of light
• Wavelength ? (?f c speed of light) - different
  wavelengths of light travel at different speed
• Single-mode fiber reduce fibers diameter to a
  few wavelength of light that enables the light to
  propagate in a straight line
• Muiti-mode fiber Multiple light waves bouncing
  at different angle.

15
Fiber Optics

• Terms
• Modulation
• WDM wavelength-division-multiplexing
  (http//www.spie.org/web/oer/october/oct97/multipl
  ex.html)
• DWDM dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing
  (http//www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/m
  els/dwdm/dwdm_fns.htm)

16
Fiber Optics

• Visible Light spectrum (04 ? m to 0.7 ?m)
• Ultraviolet 400 nm
• Violet 455 nm
• Blue 490 nm
• Green 550 nm
• Yellow 580 nm
• Orange 620 nm
• Red 750 nm

17
Fiber Optics

• Fiber optics bands
• 660 nm (LED source, plastics fiber)
• 0.85 microns (850 nm)
• 1.30 microns (1300 nm)
• 1.55 microns (1550 nm)

18
Fiber Optics

• Fiber losses absorption and scattering
• Attenuation in decibles
• 10 log10 Pr/Pt
• Pr received power
• Pt transmitted power
• Example
• 10 log10 2 3 dB

19
Fiber Optics

• Core
• Glass 7, 50, 62.5, 100 ?m
• Plastics
• Cladding
• 125 ?m
• Plastics buffer
• DuPont Kevlar for strength
• Outer jacket

20
Fiber Optics

• Types
• Single mode fiber 100 Gbps
• Multimode fiber
• Application Examples
• Backbone cabling
• Campus cabling
• http//picturethis.pnl.gov/picturet.nsf/byid/PNLM
  -3RKQS8?opendocument

21
Fiber Optics

• Connectors
• Splicing
• Terminator
• Couplers
• Attenuators
• Mount enclosures

22
Fiber Optics

• Connectors
• Subscriber channel (SC) connector (male/female) -
  TV
• Straight-tip (ST) connector connecting cable to
  networking devices
• LC connector
• FJ connector
• MT-RJ same size as RJ45

23
Web References

• CommScope http//www.commscope.com/html/home.shtm
  l
• Corning Cable Systems http//www.corningcablesyste
  ms.com/
• Heath Kit Fiber Optics System -
  http//www.heathkit.com/html/ews-543a.html
• Performance data http//www.hubbell-premise.com/T
  echnical/TwistedPairComp.htm
• Cat 5 RJ45 Connector weatherproof connector
  http//www.smartbridges.com/content/info/weatherpr
  oof_connector.html
• Ethernet cable color code standards
  http//www.incentre.net/incentre/frame/ethernet.ht
  ml

24
Web References

• ITS Project Fiber Optics Basics
  http//www.tcomschool.ohiou.edu/its_pgs/fiber.html
  
• Fiber Optics Systems http//floti.bell.ac.uk/Maths
  Physics/fibreops.htm
• Fiber Optic Assembly http//www.hubersuhnerinc.com
  /Products/FiberAssembly.htm
• http//www.hubersuhnerinc.com/Products/FiberSystem
  s.htm