Macromolecules

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Macromolecules
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Bellwork- In groups

• What is the smallest object out there? The
  second smallest? The third smallest?
• What are the main types of foods that you eat?
  How would you classify them?
• What food do you think gives you the most energy?
• What food do you think is the unhealthiest?

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• Macromolecule- giant molecules, Made from
  thousands or hundreds of thousands of smaller
  molecules.
• Carbohydrates- compounds made up of carbon,
  hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Living things use
  carbohydrates as their main source of energy.
  Plants and some animals also use carbohydrates
  for structural purposes. Assembled from simple
  sugars

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• Lipids-used to store energy and made from fatty
  acids. Common categories of lipids are fats,
  oils, and waxes.
• Nucleic acids- Polymers assembled from individual
  monomers known as nucleotides.

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• Proteins- macromolecules that are made from amino
  acids.

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Concept Map
Section 2-3
Carbon Compounds
include
that consist of
that consist of
that consist of
that consist of
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
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Building blocks

• Carbohydrates- Simple sugars
• Proteins- Amino acids
• Lipids- Fatty acids or _____
• Nucleic acids- nucleotides

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Figure 2-11 Carbon Compounds
Section 2-3
Methane
Acetylene
Butadiene
Benzene
Isooctane
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Figure 2-13 A Starch
Section 2-3
Starch
Glucose
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Figure 2-16 Amino Acids
Section 2-3
Amino group
Carboxyl group
General structure
Alanine
Serine
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Figure 2-16 Amino Acids
Section 2-3
Amino group
Carboxyl group
General structure
Alanine
Serine
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Figure 2-16 Amino Acids
Section 2-3
Amino group
Carboxyl group
General structure
Alanine
Serine
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Figure 2-17 A Protein
Section 2-3
Amino acids
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• What are macromolecules?
• What are the building blocks of proteins,
  carbohydrates, and lipids?
• What are the 4 most common elements found in
  macromolecules?
• List 5 examples of foods high in protein.
• List 5 examples of food high in carbohydrates.
• List 5 examples of food high in fat.
• What are the parts of the electromagnetic
  spectrum?

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Group review questions.

• What are the 4 most common elements found in
  macromolecules?
• What are macromolecules?
• What are the building blocks of proteins,
  carbohydrates, and lipids?
• What is smaller, an amino acid or a cell?
• Which macromolecule is not a long straight chain?
• Can a cell directly use a macromolecule?

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Lifes Backbone
Section 2-3

• Most of the compounds that make up living things
  contain carbon. In fact, carbon makes up the
  basic structure, or backbone, of these
  compounds. Each atom of carbon has four electrons
  in its outer energy level, which makes it
  possible for each carbon atom to form four bonds
  with other atoms.

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• As a result, carbon atoms can form long chains. A
  huge number of different carbon compounds exist.
  Each compound has a different structure. For
  example, carbon chains can be straight or
  branching. Also, other kinds of atoms can be
  attached to the carbon chain.

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Interest Grabber continued

• 1. On a sheet of paper, make a list of at least
  ten things that contain carbon.
• 2. Working with a partner, review your list. If
  you think some things on your list contain only
  carbon, write only carbon next to them.
• 3. If you know other elements that are in any
  items on your list, write those elements next to
  them.

Section 2-3
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Matter and Energy

• Have you ever sat around a campfire or watched
  flames flicker in a fireplace? The burning of
  wood is a chemical reactiona process that
  changes one set of chemicals into another set of
  chemicals. A chemical reaction always involves
  changes in chemical bonds that join atoms in
  compounds. The elements or compounds that enter
  into a chemical reaction are called reactants.
  The elements or compounds produced by a chemical
  reaction are called products. As wood burns,
  molecules of cellulose are broken down and
  combine with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and
  water vapor, and energy is released.

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• 1. What are the reactants when wood burns?
• 2. What are the products when wood burns?
• 3. What kinds of energy are given off when wood
  burns?
• 4. Wood doesnt burn all by itself. What must you
  do to start a fire? What does this mean in terms
  of energy?
• 5. Once the fire gets started, it keeps burning.
  Why dont you need to keep restarting the fire?

Interest Grabber continued
Section 2-4