Soil Solarization:

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Soil Solarization The Integrated Pest
Management Approach
Jaacov Katan
The Hebrew University, ISRAEL
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Major effective methods of control
Resistant cultivars
Soil disinfestation Fumigation, solarization
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Potential problems
These potential problems are connected with the
continuous use of a single method of control
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Therefore, integrated disease (pest) management
is necessary
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Why Integrated Management?
Overcoming problems involved in the major methods
The risk of a sudden banning of the pesticide
Combining less effective methods, e.g. biocontrol
and cultural methods, thus, obtaining highly
effective control methods
Protection from a secondary inoculum, e.g.
airborne conidia, contamination
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Integrated (pest) management
Integrating all available approaches
Reduced pesticide usage, not necessary a total
elimination
Environmental considerations
Effective control, not necessary absolute
Decision making tools control only when
necessary and justified
Economic parameters
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Soil solarization the integrated management
aspects
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The Idea Using solar energy (by plastic mulching
of the soil) for heating the soil and killing the
pathogens
The idea originated from extension people
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Soil solarization
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First full publication in 1976
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Soil solarization is used by farmers in thousands
of acres in many countries Mediterranean, Latin
America etc. However, there are limitations
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Soil solarization
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Biological control involved in solarization Induc
ed soil suppressiveness
Rosellinia
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Combining solarization with other methods,
including pesticides at reduced dosage
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Combining methods of control
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Combining methods of control
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Combining methods of control
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(Eshel et al, 2000)
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A similar trend was obtained with metham sodium,
and with additional pathogens
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Combining fumigants with solarization
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Combining control methods the weakening effect
Treating the pathogen with a sublethal dosage of
stress agent (e.g.heat or pesticide) renders it
more vulaerable to the action of an additional
stress agent
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Integrating solarization
This is true when introducing any new
agricultural technology
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Decision making tools
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Following the introduction of a new method
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Methyl Bromide
1. Major product for soil disinfestation
2. Intensive agriculture became dependent
3. Advantages Effective, wide
spectrum, no need for diagnosis
4. Problems Highly toxic,
expensive, effect on ozone layer
5. International phase out (2005)
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The Methyl Bromide Lessons
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Diagnosis of soilborne pathogens
We need diagnostic tools which are
Precise and reliable Fast
Cheap Easy to handle
(friendly)
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Thank you for your attention