BART in California

1
BART in California

• WRAP Stationary Sources Joint Forum
• November 15-16, 2006
• Tempe, Arizona

California Environmental Protection Agency
2
Overview

• BART-eligible facility categories
• BART-era unit winnowing process
• Applicable CA rules
• Very few reductions

3
BART Categories

• Considerations at each facility
• Location and NAAQS attainment status
• Typical emissions of BART-era units
• Location of impacts (in out of state)
• Applicable rules and permit limits
• Concerns for key BART types
• Refineries (SO2 controls)
• Cement Plants (location and fuel)
• Power Plants (location and peaking units)
• Manufacturing plants (power source, fugitives)
• Pulp mill (consent decree)

4
BART Process in California

• Q/D and Modeling
• Districts providing data
• CA modeler preparing the receptors
• Large units have been replaced since 1977
• Permits and Rules
• Limits better than BART
• Confirm rules apply
• Amend Title V Permits

5
California-Specific Rules

• Transport Mitigation Rule BARCT
• Best Available Retrofit Control Technology
• Sources in upwind district must retrofit if
  impact to downwind attainment of state standards
• Doesnt affect North Coast, Mojave Desert
• All Feasible Measures updated periodically for
  State Standards
• CAPCOA recently updated Stationary Source rules
  for SB656
• Economic and Environmental Analysis built into
  Rule Development Process

6
NAAQS RACT Requirement

• RACT analysis for PM2.5 SIPs
• South Coast and San Joaquin Valley
• South Coast
• 16 BART categories VOC, NOx, PM, SO2
• RECLAIM and Emission Reduction Credits
• Future Issues Plant Modernization concept in
  pending SIP
• San Joaquin Valley
• Manufacturing and chemical facilities under BARCT
  or AFM rules
• Oil and Gas exploration/production categories
  already tightly controlled

7
Rule Stringency

• Cement Kilns (averaged over any 30 day
  consecutive period)
• Preheater-Precalciner Kilns 6.4 lb NOx/ton of
  clinker produced
• Long Dry Kilns 6.4 lb NOx/ton of clinker
  produced
• Short Dry Kilns 7.2 lb NOx/ton of clinker
  produced
• Typical Cost-effectiveness Range 470 - 1270
  per ton NOx reduced
• PM emissions limit 0.40 lb PM/ton of kiln feed
  for feed rates lt75 tons/hour or
• 30.0 lb
  PM/hour for kiln feed rates gt75 tons/hour
• Large Boilers (gt 40 MMBTU/hr)
• Gaseous Fuel 30-70 ppm NOx
• Non-gaseous fuel 30-115 ppm NOx
• Cost-effectiveness Range 7000 per ton NOx
  reduced in South Coast
• Bay Area requires gaseous fuels unless force
  majeure natural gas curtailment
• Petroleum Coke Calciner
• South Coast required 80 reduction of SO2
  emissions in 1979
• Bay Area sets limits for effluent process gas
  containing sulfur dioxide

8
Reductions Anticipated

• Bay Area Subject-to-BART modeling
• San Luis Obispo coastal plants
• Refinery Calciner reduce PTE 3000 TPY SO2
• Power Plant Peaker Units reduce PTE 600 TPY NOx
• Current actual emissions lt4000 tons combined NOx,
  SO2, PM
• Eureka Bay in Humboldt County (North Coast)
• Maybe reductions at Pulp Mill and Power Plant
• Current actual emissions lt1500 tons combined NOx,
  SO2, PM
• Title V permits backed by district rules

9
Take your Pic