Title: iNet Guide to Internet Technologies Second Edition
1i-Net Guide to Internet TechnologiesSecond
Edition
2Using the Internet
3You Will Learn
- About the many different systems that use the
Internet for communication - How the Internet infrastructure is organized
- About Internet service providers, what they do,
and how to select one
4The Internet and Systems that Use It
- Internet
- Many networks connected together, all using the
same method of communication - A public network
- Began in the 1960s
- Protocol
- Language or set of rules for communication
5Postal Service Analogy
6Services that Use the Internet
7The World Wide Web
- Massive accumulation of information stored on
computers around the globe in web pages or
hypertext documents, along with graphics, sound,
and other multimedia files - Developed around 1990
8WWW Terminology
- Web browser
- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
- World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
- Client/server concept
- Web site
9Client/Server Concept
10Using Web Browsers
- Browser requests a web page by sending a URL
(uniform resource locator) over the Internet to
the server
11Parts of the URL
12Web Browser Terminology
- http (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- Domain name (host name network name)
- Folder name and file name
- IP address (Internet Protocol address)
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol) or protocol stack
13Using Web Browsers
14Most Popular Web Browsers
- Internet Explorer (69 of users)
- Netscape Navigator (29 of users)
- Both can be downloaded free from the
manufacturers web site
15Microsoft Internet Explorer
16Netscape Navigator
17Using Web Browsers
- AutoComplete feature
- Remembering URLs for later use
- Making web pages available for off-line viewing
- Saving files on the web to your PC
- Limiting the content available to a browser
- Installing web browsers
18AutoComplete Feature
19Remembering URLs for Later Use
- Netscape Navigator Bookmarking
- Internet Explorer Favorites
20Bookmarking in Netscape Navigator
21Adding to the Favorites List in Internet Explorer
22Viewing Web Pages Offline with Internet Explorer
23Viewing Web Pages Offline with Internet Explorer
24Viewing Web Pages Offline with Netscape Navigator
25Saving Files on the Web to Your PC
26Saving Files on the Web to Your PC
27Saving Files on the Web to Your PC
28Limiting the Content Available to a Browser
29Installing Web Browsers
30Installing Web Browsers
31Installing Web Browsers
32A Closer Look at Web Pages
- Introducing HTML
- Web pages built with frames
- Hyperlinks
33Introducing HTML
- Hypertext Markup Language
- A form of Standard Generalized Markup Language
(SGML) - Made up of text characters only
- Tag
- A code in an HTML document used for formatting,
inserting graphics, and creating hyperlinks
34HTML Tags (Internet Explorer)
35Using Netscape Composer
36Using Netscape Composer
37Web Pages Built with Frames
- Can display different information in two or more
separate areas of the screen
38Hyperlinks
- Tag in a hypertext document that links the
location of the tag to another point in the same
document or to a different document - Also called a hot link or link
39Finding Information on the Web
- Searching an individual web site
- Search engines and search engine web sites
- Using a browsers search features
- Using search boxes effectively
40Searching an Individual Web Site
- Find
- Static index
- Site map
- Keyword index
- Full text index
41Using the Find Feature
42Using a Static Index Search
43Using a Site Map
44Search Engines
- Software that can be used to search a site, a
group of sites, or the WWW for information - Types
- Subject directory
- Spider search engine
- Meta search engine
45Search Engine Web Sites
46Search Engine Web Sites
47Using a Browsers Search Features
48Using Search Boxes Effectively
continued
49Using Search Boxes Effectively
50What Makes a Web Site Great
- Provides a shortcut to information
- Creates a feeling of community
- Has a user-friendly home page
- Loads quickly
- Gets users attention
- Clearly presents site contents
continued
51What Makes a Web Site Great
- Displays user options on the main menu
- Has minimal, easy-to-read text
- Has a clean background uses graphics
appropriately - Uses a consistent theme throughout
- Is easy to find
52Sending and Receiving E-mail
- Parts of an Internet e-mail address
- User name
- The _at_ symbol
- Name of the mail server that receives and then
delivers the message
53Components of E-mail
- Sending client
- Sending server
- Receiving server
- Receiving client
54Sending and Receiving E-mail
55Viewing E-mail through a Web Browser
56Features of E-mail Client Software
57Chat Rooms
- Data communications link that several people
share for text transmissions in real time - Use an application called Internet Relay Chat
(IRC) - Variation instant messaging
58An IRC Chat Network
59Downloading Free Instant Messenger Software
60Registering to Use Instant Messenger
61AOL Instant Messenger
62Newsgroups
- An Internet service that provides a group of
people with a place to post articles and allows
people to respond to articles - Organized around specific areas of interest
- Can be private or public
- Examples ClariNet, Usenet
63Using Newsgroups
64Using Newsgroups
65Introduction to the Internet Infrastructure
- A brief history of the Internet
- Network Access Points (NAPs)
66A Brief History of the Internet
- Late 1960s-late 1980s
- Loosely organized group of interconnected
networks - Used by major academic institutions in the US for
research and development - 1986
- National Science Foundation (NSF) formed a
backbone network (NSFnet) to connect the five
major academic institutions
continued
67A Brief History of the Internet
- 1993
- NSF created four NAPs (MAE East, MAE West, New
York NAP, Chicago NAP) to serve as major
connection points for backbone networks in the US
68The Four Original NAPs
69The ATT Backbones
70Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
- Businesses that provide connectivity to the
Internet
71Services Offered by an ISP
- Physical connection from PC to ISP
- Software to communicate over the Internet
- Internet Protocol address (IP address) so others
on the Internet can identify the PC
72Ways to Connect to an ISP
73How a Small ISP Works
74How a Regional ISP Works
75How to Select an ISP
- Desired transmission technology
- Cable modem
- DSL
- Telephone lines
- What you can expect from an ISP
- Access to WWW
- E-mail services and possibly FTP services
- Chat room and newsgroup services
- Space for personal web site
continued
76How to Select an ISP
- Point of presence (POP)
- Telephone number that a user can dial to connect
to an ISP - Performance, price, and service
77Chapter Summary
- The Internet and systems that use it
- The World Wide Web
- Sending and receiving e-mail
- Chat rooms
- Newsgroups
- Introduction to the Internet infrastructure
- Brief history of the Internet
- Network access points
continued
78Chapter Summary
- Internet service providers
- Services offered by an ISP
- Ways to connect to an ISP
- How an ISP works
- How to select an ISP