Global Warming and Climate Change

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Global Warming and Climate Change
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Additional Reading

• http//www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/pages/temp
  erate-zone.html
• http//www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/pages/chin
  areport.html
• http//www.climatechoices.org/ne/impacts_ne/climat
  es.html
• http//www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalwarming.
  htmlQ9

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What factors naturally affect climate?
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Temperature Regulation
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Thermal Mass Balance
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Has it really been warmer than it should be?
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So what are the greenhouse gases and why are they
called that??
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Water Vapor?
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What about the past??
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More than just CO2!!
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Methane Concentration
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So what is this greenhouse effect thing?
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So what are the consequences??
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Temperature??

• Global surface temperatures have increased about
  0.6C (plus or minus 0.2C) since the late-19th
  century, and about one half degree F (0.2 to
  0.3C) over the past 25 years (the period with
  the most credible data). The warming has not been
  globally uniform. Some areas (including parts of
  the southeastern U.S.) have cooled.

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Change observed on land and water!
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Are the seas rising?

• Global mean sea level has been rising at an
  average rate of 1 to 2 mm/year over the past 100
  years, which is significantly larger than the
  rate averaged over the last thousand years.
  Projected increase for the 21st century is about
  0.5 meter, but estimates range widely.

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Projections?

• High-emission scenario - population increases at
  current rate high economic development fossil
  fuel use extensive CO2 increases to 900 ppm
• Mid-range scenario - population growth decreases
  to 1 moderate economic growth fossil fuel use
  extensive CO2 increases to 700 ppm
• Low-emission scenario - population stays at 6
  billion low economic growth use of fossil fuels
  declines to 1995 levels CO2 increases
  to 470 ppm

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What about that high-emission scenario?

• Mean global temperature will rise from 6 to 11 oC
• Glaciers will retreat and the polar ice caps will
  melt (they already are!)
• Average sea levels will rise from 4 to 16 inches
• Severe storms should increase some areas will
  receive more rain, some will be in drought
  biotic effects unknown

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