Business computer systems

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Digital Image Processing
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What are Images?

• Images are pictures!
• A picture that represents visual information.
• How are non-digital images stored?
• Photographic film
• Canvas/paint
• Digitally

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What are Digital Images?

• Images stored in digital form!

• Many ways of acquiring images
• Scanner
• Digital Camera
• Others

• Many ways of storing images
• Gif
• Tiff
• BMP
• JPG
• Others

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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Definition One "The processing of one picture,
  by computer, to produce another
• Examples
• Improving the contrast of a picture to make it
  easier for a human to interpret
• Applying noise-reduction filters to make the
  image clearer

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What is Digital Image Processing?

• Definition Two " The facilitation or automation
  of visual tasks using computers
• Examples
• Automatic recognition of objects within a picture
• Determining a persons identity by examining an
  image of their fingerprint

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What are theBenefits of Digital Images?

• Images have better quality since they dont
  degrade during processing
• Can be transmitted over digital communication
  lines
• Can be easily manipulated and processed using
  common hardware/software packages

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Related Disciplines
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Image Processing Pipeline
Acquisition creation of digital
image Processing enhancement or other
processing Archival storage of
image Transmission exchange of digital image
data Display visualization of digital image
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A Scene B Acquired C Archived D Displayed
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Topics of Study
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What Applications use Digital Image Processing?

• Satellite imaging
• Spy satellites
• Weather satellites
• Exploratory satellites (Gallileo, Mars Explorer)
• Graphic design and artwork
• Medical imaging
• MRI
• CT
• Military target acquisition
• Smart Bombs
• Apache Helicopters
• Sports Broadcasting
• Data visualisation
• Postal Mail Delivery

Source www.nasa.gov
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Space Satellites
This radar image shows the area of Death Valley,
California and the different surface types in the
area. Radar is sensitive to surface roughness
with rough areas showing up brighter than smooth
areas, which appear dark SIR-C/X-SAR is part of
NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. The radars
illuminate Earth with microwaves allowing
detailed observations at any time, regardless of
weather or sunlight conditions. SIR-C/X-SAR uses
three microwave wavelengths L-band (24
cm),C-band (6 cm) and X-band (3 cm). The
multi-frequency data will be used by the
international scientific community to better
understand the global environment and how itis
changing Source http//photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov
/
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Scientific Exploration

• Mars rover Spirit image. On-board camera takes
  images for navigation of robot and analysis of
  the Martian environment.

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Major League Baseball
Automatically determining whether a pitch was a
ball or strike! source http//www.trianglesoftwar
e.com/gueziec/kzone.html
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Medical Imaging
Imaging has numerous uses in the medical
profession. MRI, PET, and CT scans give surgeons
non-invasive diagnostic tools.
Automatic volumetric reconstruction from MRI
data. Source http//neuroimage.usc.edu/
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Target Acquisition
Old F2 fighter. Note the image display. source
http//www.nawcwpns.navy.mil/pao/im/pg/photo/air/
f18s/lg/f2CckPit.jpg
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Snail Mail Delivery
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Biometric Systems
Biometric systems attempt to establish the
identify of a person by examining physical
characteristics such as facial features,
fingerprints, or retinal patterns. Source
Dr. Kenny Hunt and Mike Taylor
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Hollywood and Special Effects
Minority Report depicts an advertising-saturated
society where billboards call out to passersby on
a first-name basis, newspapers deliver news
instantly over a broadband wireless network,
holographic hosts greet you at retail stores,
biometric retina scans deduct the cost of goods
from your bank account, and cereal boxes
broadcast animated commercials.
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Spy Satellites
Image of Invesco Field taken from privately owned
IKONOS