1 EASA in few words

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1 - EASA in few words
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1 - Present situation

• Investigation organization

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Investigation process at the State level
Updates, briefing, involvement
Participation Consultation Comments
Continued Airworthiness
State of Occurence
State of Design, (same for Registry, Manufacture,
Operator)
Sharing of data at the National level
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Investigation relationship at the State level
Updates, briefing, involvement
Reply to SR
Continued Airworthiness
Reports, SR
Regulator
CS, AD, TC, STC
Technical advisor
Data access
Manufacturer
AIB(s)
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Investigation process at the European level
Updates, briefing, involvement
Participation Consultation Comments
Continued Airworthiness
State of Occurence
State of Design, (same for Registry, Manufacture,
Operator)
Sharing of data at the National level
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2 How to learn from investigations
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Relation EASA/NAA(s) - WHY?

• EASA main responsibilities in Safety deficiencies
• Certification (AD, PAD, EAD, SIB, TC, STC)
• Rulemaking (CS 25, 23, BR, implementing rules,
  AMC)
• Ops
• FCL
• Oversight of NAAs

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Investigation in EASA

• Directive 94/42/EC binds each member State but
  free choice of forms and methods
• Be involved in accident investigations and make
  reports and factual data available
• Support the understanding of Safety issues
• Responses to Safety Recommendations
• Act to correct safety deficiencies
• Advances in rulemaking
• Questions answered through research

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Occurrences reportingin EASA

• Directive 2003/42/EC mandatory reporting of
  dangerous occurrences and collection at the NAAs
  level
• ECCAIRS software
• Wide use in Europe
• also currently being evaluated by numerous state
  members used in several organizations (ICAO,
  Eurocontrol).
• ICAO AIBs reported occurrences

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IS
ECCAIRS operating or evaluating
in AIBNAA NAA AIB
ECCAIRS Countries
FIN
S
NO
EE
LV
DK
KZ
LT
RU
IRL
RU
BY
UK
PL
NL
UA
B
D
CZ
L
SK
MD
A
HU
F
CH
GE
RO
AZ
SI
AM
BA
SB
CR
IR
BG
MC
IT
P
MK
TR
E
AL
EL
IQ
SY
CY
MT
DZ
MA
TN
NAA Standardisation meeting 02.12.2004 - Koeln
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Safety oversightin EASA

• Provides measurable feed-backs and information on
  the safety level
• Safety analysis
• Internal Safety Committee
• Annual Safety Review
• Statistics on internal performance answering to
  SR
• Identify safety deficiencies and disseminate
  related information

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Current challenges

• Improvement in coordination process
• Establishment of a  Council of European Aviation
  Safety Investigation Authorities 
• Assist the European Commission regarding some
  legal clarifications
• Development of the European reporting scheme
• Safety Recommendations database and taxonomy
• Training on the ADREP coding (harmonization)
• Central European database for occurrences
  reporting
• Agreement on the confidentiality of information
• Agreement on the dissemination of data to a
  central entity

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3 - Examples
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Safety loop

• Investigation
• Collect finding
• Analyze
• Recommend
• Manufacturer
• Technical advisor to the investigation authority
• Continued Airworthiness actor
• Strong involvement in test and research
• EASA, Certification authority
• Structure certification specification
• Responsible as State of Design (Annex 8)
• Continued Airworthiness
• TC

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A330 C-GITS, Lajes 24/08/2001
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A330 C-GITS, Lajes 24/08/2001

• IIC, Portugal as State of occurrence
• Accredited Representative
• TSBC Canada as State of registration and operator
• Technical advisor Air Transat
• Observer Transport Canada
• BEA France as State of design
• Technical advisor Airbus
• Briefing with DGAC

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A330 C-GITS, Lajes 24/08/2001

• Safety recommendation addressed
• It is recommended that the CAAs of other
  transport aircraft categories manufacturing
  states, such as Canada, USA, and UK, as well as
  the EASA
• Review the adequacy of aircraft indications and
  warning systems and procedures to detect
  fuel-used/fuel-loss discrepancy situations
• Review the capability of these systems to provide
  clear indications as to the causes of these
  situations and
• Review the capability of these systems to provide
  alerts at a level commensurate with the
  criticality of a fuel-loss situation.
• EASA Reply
• Task 25.055 fuel system low level
  indication/fuel exhaustion added to the Agency's
  rulemaking programme. Working group created, goal
  is to publish a Notice of Proposed Amendment
  (NPA) by the 4th Quarter 2007. This is to be done
  with the aim of amending the certification
  specification CS-25 by 1st quarter 2009.

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ATR 42 EI-CBK near Dublin 08/08/2003

• Summary
• The aircraft was in cruise , routing from Luton
  Airport (EGGW) in the UK, to Galway (EICM), when
  the RH engine spooled down and stopped. The crew
  decided to divert to Shannon because Dublin or
  Belfast were closed due to fog. They landed
  safely on one engine. The Investigation
  subsequently found that the RH engine stopped
  because the fuel tank feeding this engine was
  empty.
• IIC, Ireland as State of occurrence

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ATR 42 EI-CBK near Dublin 08/08/2003

• The absence of fuel in the RH tank was the result
  of the Captain inadvertently diverting all the
  uplifted fuel into the LH tank during the
  refuelling at Luton.
• The inoperative LH tank fuel gauge resulted in
  the Captain not detecting diversion of fuel to
  the incorrect tank.
• Due to the persistent problem with the LH fuel
  gauge, the Captain assumed that the low fuel
  reading on the RH gauge was the result of a
  gauging error, rather than the fact that the fuel
  had been inadvertently loaded into the other tank
  and that the low contents indications from the RH
  gauge were actually accurate. His assumption was
  reinforced because the faulty LH gauge failed to
  reveal the excess fuel loaded into the LH tank.

Safety Recommendation The European Air Safety
Agency (EASA) should review the certification
criteria for public transport aircraft low fuel
contents warning systems, with a view to
requiring such systems to be independent of the
main contents gauging systems.
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ATR 72 TS-LBB near Palermo 06/08/2005

• IIC, Italy as State of occurrence
• ANSV recommendation
• The EASA should consider the possibility to
  change the fuel system certification regulation
  for public transport aircraft, in order to
  require that the fuel low level warnings be
  independent from the fuel gauging systems.
• EASA reply
• The Agency agrees with the safety recommendation.
  Consequently a task has been added to the advance
  planning of the Agency's rulemaking programme.
  This is to be called "25.055 - fuel system low
  level indication/fuel exhaustion". The plan is to
  set-up a working group and to publish a Notice of
  Proposed Amendment (NPA) by the 4th Quarter 2007.
  This is to be done with the aim of amending the
  certification specification CS-25 by 1st quarter
  2009.

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New opportunities

• European view of Safety deficiencies
• Cost efficient process
• Possible cross check of Safety issues based on
  several scenario
• Dissemination of information about known Safety
  deficiencies
• Prioritise safety deficiencies
• Quality of given response
• Good Safety response based on
• appropriate Design
• appropriate training
• appropriate procedures
• compliance to procedures

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