CHAPTER 9 SECTION 1

1
CHAPTER 9 - SECTION 1 2 ENERGY RESOURCES

• ENERGY FOSSIL FUELS
• RENEWABLE ENERGY

2

• Most of the energy used today comes from
  organisms that lived hundreds of millions of
  years ago.
• These organisms create energy-rich materials
  called fossil fuels.

3

• Oil, natural gas, and coal
• are the three fossil fuels.

4
Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable
resources because these fuels take hundreds of
millions of years to form.
5

• Earths nonrenewable resources are natural
  resources that can not be replaced as they are
  used. If fossil fuels continue to be used more
  rapidly than they are formed, then they will
  eventually run out.

6
Oil

• Oil is a thick black liquid fossil fuel.
• It formed from the remains of small animals,
  algae, and protists that lived in oceans and
  shallow inland seas hundreds of millions of years
  ago.

7

• Most oil deposits are located underground in
  tiny holes in sandstone or limestone.
• The oil fills the holes somewhat like water
  trapped in the holes of a sponge.

8
Using petroleum affects the environment in many
ways.

• Oil may be spilled into the ocean.
• Burning petroleum contributes to air pollution.

9

• Natural gas is a mixture of methane and other
  gases. Two advantages of natural gas are that
  large amounts of energy can be produced. Also,
  natural gas is also easy to transport.

Alaskan pipeline
10

• A disadvantage of natural gas is that a gas leak
  can cause a violent explosion and fire.

Natural gas has no odor at all. Gas companies
add a chemical with a distinct smell like rotten
eggs making it easier for any leaks to be noticed.
11

• Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed from plant
  remains. The major use of coal is to fuel
  electric power plants.

12

• Coal is the most plentiful fossil fuel in the
  United States.
• But there are several disadvantages in the use
  of coal. Coal mining can increase erosion.
  Runoff from mines can cause water pollution.
• Finally, burning most types of coal results in
  more air pollution than burning other fossil
  fuels.

13
Section Two Renewable resources such as
sunlight, wind, and trees, are naturally replaced
in a short period of time.
14

Renewable resources are also referred to as
inexhaustible. An inexhaustible resource exists
in such large supply that it can be considered
almost limitless.
www.eia.doe.gov/.../ sources/images/left.gif
15

• Solar energy is energy from the sun. It is
  available only when the sun is shining.
• One way to capture
• the suns energy
• involves using
• giant mirrors.

www.energy.state.nv.us/ renewable/default.htm
16
United States Solar Resource Map
Annual average daily solar radiation per month,
using a flat-plate collector facing south at a
fixed tilt equal to the latitude of the site.
Capturing the maximum amount of solar radiation
throughout the year can be achieved using a tilt
angle approximately equal to the site's latitude.
17

• Hydroelectric power is electricity produced by
  flowing water.
• One drawback to the use of hydroelectric power
  is finding a suitable source of water. In the
  United States, most suitable rivers have already
  been dammed.

Hoover Dam
18
United States Hydropower Resource Map
19
Biomass is organic material made from plants and
animals. Biomass contains stored energy from the
sun. Burning biomass is not the only way to
release its energy. Bio- mass can be converted
to other usable forms of energy like methane
gas or transportation fuels like ethanol and
biodiesel. Biomass fuels include crop wastes
such as stalks and leaves, food wastes, and even
manure.
www.eia.doe.gov/.../ images/BIOMASSTYPES1.gif
20
United States Biomass Resource Map
21

• In certain regions magma heats underground water
  to the boiling point. The hot water and steam
  are valuable sources of geothermal energy.
• There are only a few places where magma comes
  close to Earths surface. There are locations
  throughout Texas where geothermal energy could be
  tapped.

Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone National Park
22
United States Geothermal Resource Map
Estimated subterranean temperatures at a depth of
6 kilometers.
23

• Wind can be used to turn a turbine and generate
  electricity. Wind generators are becoming more
  important as fossil fuels are more scarce and
  expensive.
• Locations where winds blow steadily enough to be
  a worthwhile energy source are needed for wind
  generation.

nie.honoluluadvertiser.com/ stories/052906-3.jpg
www.esv.or.at/.../ RTEmagicC_Wind-kl.jpeg.jpeg
24
United States Wind Resource Map
25
(No Transcript)