Progressive Era Benchmark Review

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Progressive Era Benchmark Review
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The Progressive movement flourished between 1900
and the start of WWI.
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The Progressives wanted to fix these problems

• Brutal Working Conditions
• Child Labor
• Political Corruption
• Urban overcrowding
• Abuse of consumers/workers by big business.

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Goals of the Progressives

• Protecting Social Welfare
• Promoting Moral Improvement
• Creating economic reform
• Foster Efficiency

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The government should solve all ills of society.
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Believed monopolies were bad.
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The Progressives sought to correct political
economic injustices by using the power of the
government.
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Progressives believed government should protect
workers and consumers from abuses of big
businesses.
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Progressives fled government had been corrupted
by big business and political machines.
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Investigative reporters were called muckrakers.
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Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle. Readers
demanded government regulate these businesses.
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Passed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food
and Drug Act.
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Cities were controlled by political machines.
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Political machines provided immigrants with jobs
and housing in exchange for their votes.
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Machines stole money from government through
bribes and padded contracts.
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Progressive Amendments

• 16thGraduated Income Tax
• 17thDirect Election of Senators
• 18thProhibition
• 19thWomens Suffrage
• 20thLame Duck (Mar 4 to Jan 20)
• 21stRepeals Prohibition

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Initiativepeople propose laws.
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Referendumpeople vote on laws.
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Recallvoters remove public official from office.
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All give people more control over the government.
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Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and
Woodrow Wilson were the 3 Progressive Presidents.
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TR believed he should use Presidential power to
protect the public interest. Called Bully Pulpit.
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TR introduced Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food
and Drug Act.
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TR also promoted Conservationprotecting nature
created national parks.
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TR thought there were good and bad trusts.
Didnt condemn all big businesses.
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TR broke up many big businesses earned the
nickname the Trustbuster.
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William Howard Taft became president after Teddy
Roosevelt.
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Taft not active enough, fell out of favor in the
Republican party.
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TR forms the Bull Moose Party. Divides
Republican partyGuarantees Democrat Woodrow
Wilson wins 1912 election.
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Wilson lowers tariff. Passes 16th amendment
(graduated income tax).
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Income tax now main source of revenue for federal
government.
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The 17th amendment Direct Election of Senators.
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Senators used to be picked by State Legislatures.

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Wanted to make Senators responsive to the will of
the people.
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The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote.
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Right to voteSuffrage
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WWI hastened passage/ratification of this
amendment.
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NAACP (National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People)Full equality among the races.
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Founded by W.E.B. DuBois.