Advanced Navigation

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Advanced Navigation
Voyage Planning
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Objectives
1. Be familiar with the publications the
Navigator uses in planning a passage. 2. Be
familiar with chart correction procedures. 3.
Discuss considerations in choosing a track. 4.
Discuss considerations in developing a
Schedule of Events (SOE).
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Objectives
5. Discuss pre-underway arrangements and
messages. 6. List information included in a
position report. 7. Discuss the purpose behind
the COs night orders. 8. Be familiar
with the information included in typical
Navigation Briefs.
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Introduction
Planning Considerations - Time of departure and
arrival - The track to be followed -
Navigation aids to be used - Dangers to
navigation to be avoided - Training or
operations to be conducted during the transit
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Publications
Catalog of Nautical Charts, Pub 1-N Contains a
complete numerical listing of all unclassified
charts and publications by portfolio number.
Navigator consults this pub to determine what
charts are required for the voyage.
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Publications
U.S. Coast Pilot Contains a wide variety of
detailed info about harbors and coastal areas
of the U.S in 9 regional volumes Dangers aids
to navigation, details of all restricted areas
and local regulations, information on weather
and suggested tracks, and photographs of many
harbors.
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Publications
Fleet Guide Available only for ports with
major naval facilities. Designed to
acquaint incoming naval ships with pertinent
command, navigational, operational, repair and
logistics info.
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Publications
Light List Describes lighted aids to navigation
unlighted buoys, day beacons, fog signals,
radio beacons, and LORAN-C coverage in U.S.
coastal waters. List of Lights Same information
as the Light List, but for non-U.S. waters
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Publications
Pilot Charts Small scale charts of ocean areas,
providing complete forecasts of hydro- graphic,
navigational, and meteorological conditions to
be expected in a given area. Includes average
tides, currents, barometric pressure,
temperature, storms, fog, wind, iceberg
migration and isogonic lines of variation.
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Publications
Sailing Directions Provides much the same info
as the Coast Pilot, but for non-U.S. waters.
Also has info similar to the Pilot
Charts. World Port Index (Pub 150) Provides
info on services available at ports throughout
the world.
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Publications
Tide Tidal Current Tables Nautical Almanac
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Chart Corrections
Corrections Promulgated by NIMA in the Notice
to Mariners the USCG in the Local Notice to
Mariners, or via a Broadcast NTM if temporary
or an emergency. Incorporation of Changes
Incorporated into new charts with each new
printing or edition.
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Chart Corrections
Use of Corrections Prior to using a chart, the
Navigator must ensure the chart is current
all applicable corrections have been made.
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Voyage Planning
Determining charts / pubs required Navigator
consults applicable chart allowance lists to
determine which charts should be in the ships
inventory. Any outdated or missing charts are
ordered through NIMA or National Ocean Service.
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Voyage Planning
Determining charts / pubs required
(cont.) Navigator consults NIMA Catalog of
Maps, Charts Related Publications the NOS
Nautical Chart Catalog 1 to find the numbers of
all charts and Coast Pilots Sailing Directions
volumes that will be of use in the voyage.
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Voyage Planning
Determining underway / arrival time ETA is
promulgated by higher authority. It is then up
to the navigator to calculate an estimated time
of departure that will allow the ship to arrive
at the assigned time.
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Voyage Planning
Determining underway / arrival time (cont.) -
Local navigation regulations Consult the Fleet
Guide, Coast Pilot the charts being used. -
Tides Currents Make predictions for the day
of departure to determine departure time.
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Voyage Planning
Determining underway / arrival time (cont.) -
Expected Marine Traffic Consult publications
and contact the local Coast Guard office /
station, port authority / or pilots
association. - Expected Weather Consult
publications and contact local weather office.
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Voyage Planning
Determining underway / arrival time (cont.) -
Daylight Are you getting underway during the
day. You may have to get underway in
darkness, but have a good reason for doing
so.
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Voyage Planning
Determining underway / arrival time (cont.) -
Operational Requirements Make sure you will be
able to meet operational commitments. - Crews
Quality of Life How will underway time impact
the ships normal routine?
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Voyage Planning
Determining Intended Track - Consult Pubs
Consult Coast Pilot, Sailing Directions and
charts used on hazards to navigation, nav aids,
restricted areas, etc. - Ascertain Expected
Weather along track Utilize Pilot Charts,
Sailing Directions or Naval Oceanographic
Command Center.
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Voyage Planning
Determining Intended Track - If conducting an
ocean crossing Use a Great Circle Route. -
Plot start finish points on Gnomonic
Chart. Draw a straight line between them.
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Gnomonic Chart Cont.
San Diego
Great Circle Route
Oahu, HI
Point of Tangency
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Voyage Planning
Determining Intended Track - If conducting an
ocean crossing (cont.) - Divide tracks into
legs, no longer than 10 degrees of latitude
each - Plot the leg division points on a
Mercator Projection chart using lat/long for
each.
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Voyage Planning
Determining Intended Track - If conducting an
ocean crossing (cont.) - Draw straight lines
between these points to determine your track
for each leg.
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Mercator Chart Cont.
Composite Track 2495 NM
San Diego
Great Circle Route
Rhumb Line 2730 NM
Oahu, HI
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Voyage Planning
Consider SOA required to arrive on time by asking
yourself - How close will I pass to hazards to
navigation? - What training needs to be
conducted en route? - What info have I gotten
from my reference material that will affect me?
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Voyage Planning
Stay clear of foreign territorial seas, unless
specifically authorized!
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Prepare your Charts
- Ensure all corrections are up to date. - Lay
out your track. Determine SOA required.
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Prepare your Charts
- For harbor transits - Mark danger soundings
at your chosen navigational draft - Identify
danger bearings/ranges as appropriate -
Determine turn bearings at each turn - Identify
nav aids to be used - Locate COLREGS Line of
Demarcation
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Prepare your Charts
- For all charts - Mark danger soundings if
appropriate - Identify nav aids that will be
visible, plot arcs of visibility at nominal
range, predict times of sighting - Identify
radar landfall that might be used, plot arcs,
predict times of landfall - Plot junction boxes,
identify DTG of arrival, miles to go/distance
remaining
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Prepare your Charts
- For all charts - Label TR and SOA - Predict
time of sunrise / sunset each day, mark
approximate position along your track.
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Plan your Schedule of Events
- Determine what training is to be conducted. -
Determine expected fuel consumption required
refueling/UNREPS. - Determine when clocks are to
be advanced/retarded. - Schedule all required
events, keeping in mind daylight hours, ships
routine and operating restrictions.
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Pre-Underway Arrangements and Messages
- The Fleet Guide tells you who to contact to
arrange - Tug and/or harbor pilot services -
Disconnection of Pier Services - Linehandlers.
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Pre-Underway Arrangements and Messages
MOVREPs (MOVment REPort) - formatted message
that tells exactly where you are going. - must
stay within four hours of plan - used to
generate OTSR (Optimum Track Ship Routing) based
on forecasted weather
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Pre-Underway Arrangements and Messages
LOGREQ (LOGistics REQuest) - submitted prior to
arrival in a port - indicates what services you
will require - includes, ETA, ETD, fuel, water,
food, tug and pilot services, etc. You can even
request a tee time for the CO.
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SHIPS POSITION NAVSHIPS-1111 (REV. 5-62)
TO
AT (Time Oof Day)
LATITUDE
BY (Indicate by check in box)
CELESTIAL D.R.
LORAN RADAR
VISUAL
SET DRIFT
DISTANCE MADE GOOD SINCE (time)
(mi.)
DISTANCE TO
TRUE . ERROR

VARIATION
GYRO GYRO
MAGNETIC COMPASS HEADING (Check one)
STEER-
REMOTE STD
ING
IND OTHER
DEVIATION 1104 TABLE DEVIATION
DG ((Indicate by check in boc)
ON OFF
REMARKS
RESPECTFULLY SUBMITTED
CC
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Captains Night Orders
- sets down in writing a complete set of
instructions for the nights activities - usually
drafted by the Navigator for further annotation
by the CO. - should contain all the navigation
instructions for the OOD to safely navigate the
ship, and who to contact if problems arise.
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Navigation Brief
- Navy regulations require that a Nav Brief be
given to all concerned watch standers involved in
a Sea Anchor detail within 24 hours of the
detail being set - written and briefed by
Navigator, with contributions by the 1st LT,
Operations Officer, and Chief Engineer, and is
signed by the CO.
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Summary
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Questions?
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Compliments of Curtis Senior High School NJROTC