CCNA 1 v3.0 Module 1 Introduction to Networking

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CCNA 1 v3.0 Module 1 Introduction to Networking
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Objectives
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Requirements for Internet Connection
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PC Basics
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PC Basics
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PC Basics
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PC Basics
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Network Interface Cards
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NIC and Modem Installation
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High-Speed and Dialup Connectivity
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IRQ, I/O port channels and Base Memory Addresses.

• IRQ is an acronym for Interrupt ReQuest. An IRQ
  is a piece of circuitry built into the
  motherboard that connects one device/part to the
  CPU (Central Processing Unit). It lets the device
  interrupt the CPU so that jobs can be allocated
  and problems dealt with.
• Devices connect to CPU when
• A task is finished
• The device needs more instructions
• Faults are developed

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IRQs
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IRQs
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TCP/IP Description and Configuration
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Testing Connectivity with Ping
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Web Browser and Plug-Ins
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Troubleshooting Internet Connections
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Data Representation

• Character coding schemesASCII, Unicode
• Unicode International 16-bit coding system
  which can represent 65536 different characters
• Binary number system
• Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)each decimal digit has
  its own 4-bit binary code
• Boolean valuesonly True or False
• Digitised soundMIDI
• Bit-mapped graphics

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Binary number system

• Numbers can be represented in a computer in a
  number of different ways, e.g. 25 in ASCII would
  be
• 0011 0010 0011 0101
• Alternatively in pure binary draw a table of
  powers of 2. Then find the largest power of 2lt25
  (16). Subtract 16 from 25 and repeat
• Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
  1
  
  
• 0 0 0 1
  1 0 0 1
• 16
  8 1 25
• To translate from binary to decimal perform same
  process backwards
• Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
  1
  
  
• 0 1 0 0
  0 1 0 1
• 64
  4 1 69

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Binary

• Example
• The yable shows numbers 0 1- in 4-bit binary
  code.

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Boolean Values

• A Boolean variable can only have one of two
  values, true or false
• Represented by a 1 or a 0
• Useful to be able to use a binary bit to show if
  something is true or false, e.g
• To show whether a disk drive is connected
• To show if the break key is pressed
• Single bits used in this way are called Flags

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Binary Number System
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Bits and Bytes
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Main Memory Computer Memory

• 250 bytes 1 Petabyte Pb
• 260 bytes 1 Exabyte Ex
• 270 bytes 1 Zettabyte Zb
• 280 bytes 1 Yottabye Yb

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Base 10 Numbers
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Base 2 (Binary) Numbers
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Converting Decimal numbers to 8-bit Binary Numbers
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Converting 8-bit Binary Numbers to Decimal Numbers
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Four-Octet Dotted-decimal Representation of
32-Bit Binary Numbers
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Hexadecimal
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Boolean or Binary Logic
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IP Addresses and Network Masks
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Summary