Web 2.0 Technologies in the Library

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Web 2.0 Technologiesin the Library
Presented to LISSA, the Library and Information
Science Students Association of the School of
Communication Information and Library Studies at
Rutgers University Tuesday, October 28,
2008 by Jennifer Lang Princeton University Library
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What is Web 2.0?

• Web 2.0 is the network as platform, spanning
  all connected devices Web 2.0 applications are
  those that make the most of the intrinsic
  advantages of that platform delivering software
  as a continually-updated service that gets better
  the more people use it, consuming and remixing
  data from multiple sources, including individual
  users, while providing their own data and
  services in a form that allows remixing by
  others, creating network effects through an
  architecture of participation, and going beyond
  the page metaphor of Web 1.0 to deliver rich user
  experiences.
• Tim OReilly

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What is Web 2.0?

• User generated and/or user influenced content
• Applications that use the Web (versus the
  desktop) as a platform
• Similar visual design and shared functional
  languages
• Leveraging of popular trends, including blogging,
  social tagging, wikis, and peer-to-peer sharing
• Inclusion of web technologies like RSS, AJAX,
  APIs (and accompanying mash-ups), etc.
• Open source or sharable/editable frameworks in
  the form of user-oriented create your own APIs

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What was Web 1.0, then?
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http//heyjude.wordpress.com/2006/09/02/library-20
-meme/
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Blogs and Blogging
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What is a Blog?

• An online journal. (http//matra.sourceforge.net/m
  isc/glossary.php)
• Blog is short for weblog. A weblog is a journal
  (or newsletter) that is frequently updated and
  intended for general public consumption. Blogs
  generally represent the personality of the author
  or the Web site. (http//www.bytowninternet.com/gl
  ossary)
• The word blog is derived from the combination of
  the two words, web and log. Blogs are virtual
  diaries created by individuals and stored on the
  Internet. Blogs generally consist of text and
  images and can appear in a calendar type format.
  (http//www.netalert.net.au/01990-Glossary.asp)
• A Web site that contains dated entries in reverse
  chronological order (most recent first) about a
  particular topic. Functioning as an online
  journal, blogs can be written by one person or a
  group of contributors. Entries contain commentary
  and links to other Web sites, and images as well
  as a search facility may also be included.
  (http//www.flinknet.com/summer/28/some-helpful-de
  finitions)

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Library 2.0 Blogs in Action!

• Georgia State University Library News
• Temple University Library Blog
• Binghamton University Libraries
• Harvards Kennedy School Library Blog
• Whats New at the Auburn Libraries
• MIT Libraries News
• University of Houston Library Instruction
• PALINET CAT
• ACRLog

• ALA TechSource
• ICARUSthe Santa Fe Public Library Blog
• LibrarianInBlack.net
• blogwithoutalibrary.net
• THE KEPT-UP ACADEMIC LIBRARIAN
• Catalogablog
• Lorcan Dempseys weblog
• Free Range Librarian
• Librarian Avengers
• librarian.net
• Z666.7.L364

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Wikis
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What is a Wiki?

• A website or similar online resource which allows
  users to add and edit content collectively.
  (http//www.parliament.vic.gov.au/sarc/EDemocracy/
  Final_Report/Glossary.htm)
• A collection of websites of hypertext, each of
  them can be visited and edited by anyone. Wiki
  wiki means "rapidly" in the Hawaiian language.
  (http//www.cpsrperu.org/english_version/privacy_n
  go/part4)
• Online collaboration model and tool that allows
  any user to edit some content of webpages through
  a simple browser. (http//mobileman.projects.supsi
  .ch/glossary.html)
• A wiki is a web application that allows users to
  add content, as on an Internet forum, but also
  allows anyone to edit the content. Wiki also
  refers to the collaborative software used to
  create such a website. (http//en.wikipedia.org/wi
  ki/WIKI)

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Web 2.0 Wikis

• Wikiwiki
• LyricWiki.org
• Muppet Wiki
• Wikipedia
• WikiIndex
• World66
• MemoryArchive
• Cookbookwiki
• TigerWeb
• LIBRARY-RELATED
• UCONN Libraries Staff Wiki
• Emory University Library StaffWiki
• Ohio University Libraries Biz Wiki
• Library Instruction Wiki
• LISWiki
• Library Success A Best Practices Wiki
• BookLoversWiki Princeton Public Library

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Social Bookmarking
CiteULike
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What is Social Bookmarking?

• Social bookmarking is an activity performed over
  a computer network that allows users to save and
  categorize (see folksonomy) a personal collection
  of bookmarks and share them with others. Users
  may also take bookmarks saved by others and add
  them to their own collection, as well as to
  subscribe to the lists of others. a personal
  knowledge management tool. (http//en.wikipedia.or
  g/wiki/Social_bookmarking)

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Web 2.0 Social Bookmarking

• Bloglines
• BlinkList
• BuddyMarks
• del.icio.us
• Technorati
• 43 Things
• LookSmarts Furl
• CiteULike
• PennTags

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Media Organization and Sharing
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Web 2.0 Media Organization and Sharing

• Flickr
• LibraryThing
• Listal
• Zooomr
• Fotolog
• YouTube

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What is Social Networking?

• The personal or professional set of relationships
  between individuals. Social networks represent
  both a collection of ties between people and the
  strength of those ties. Often used as a measure
  of social connectedness, recognising social
  networks assists in determining how information
  moves throughout groups, and how trust can be
  established and fostered. (http//www.parliament.v
  ic.gov.au/sarc/E-Democracy/Final_Report/Glossary.h
  tm)
• Refers to structural characteristics such as
  proximity to others, frequency of social contact
  and the type of relationship (eg spouse,
  confidant, relative, friend, group).
  (http//www.therubins.com/geninfo/Definit.htm)
• A web of interconnected people who directly or
  indirectly interact with or influence the student
  and family. May include but is not limited to
  family, teachers and other school staff, friends,
  neighbors, community contacts, and professional
  support. (http//rrtcpbs.fmhi.usf.edu/rrtcpbsweb/g
  lossary.htm)
• A social network is a map of the relationships
  between individuals, indicating the ways in which
  they are connected through various social
  familiarities ranging from casual acquaintance to
  close familial bonds. The term was first coined
  in 1954 by J. A. Barnes (in Class and Committees
  in a Norwegian Island Parish, "Human Relations").
  (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network)

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Library 2.0 Libraries and Librarians using
MySpace.com and Facebook

• Hennepin County Library
• Morrisville College Libraries
• Brooklyn College Library
• UIUC Undergraduate Library
• Denver Public Library
• UT Austin Libraries
• Michael
• Linda
• Melanie
• Erica
• Jennifer

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Podcasting
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What is Podcasting?

• A form of audio blogging created by Adam Curry, a
  former MTV Host, and Dave Winer, the founder of
  Userland Software. Its name comes from the
  targeting of audio posts to Apples iPod audio
  player, although podcasts can be listened to on
  competing players and on computers.
  (http//www.fzelders.nl/weblog/)
• Podcasting, a portmanteau of Apple's "iPod" and
  "broadcasting", is a method of publishing files
  to the Internet, allowing users to subscribe to a
  feed and receive new files automatically by
  subscription, usually at no cost. It first became
  popular in late 2004, used largely for audio
  files. (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcast)

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Library 2.0 Podcasting Libraries

• Looking for a podcast? Go to PodcastAlley.com
• Buffalo State College
• Mann Library Podcasts
• Arizona State University
• PALINET
• Sheridan Libraries
• Hannon Library
• Jim Milles
• CoffeeGeek
• The Word Nerds

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RSS
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What is RSS?

• A format used to syndicate news and the content
  of news-like sites. Includes major news sites
  like Wired, news-oriented community sites and
  personal weblogs. (http//www.mvcc.edu/library/glo
  ssary.html)
• Rich Site Summary / Really Simple Syndication is
  a medthod to syndicate your site content. This is
  done by creating an XML document which summarizes
  specific site content such as news, blog posts or
  comments and forum threads. (http//www.pr3.co.uk/
  seo/seo-glossary.php)
• RSS is a protocol, an application of XML, that
  provides an open method of syndicating and
  aggregating Web content. Using RSS files, you can
  create a data feed that supplies headlines,
  links, and article summaries from your Web site.
  Users can have constantly updated content from
  web sites delivered to them via a news
  aggregator, a piece of software specifically
  tailored to receive these types of feeds.
  (http//commnet.gc.ca/news_nouvelles/glossary_e.ht
  ml)

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Library 2.0 RSS

• Librarian RSS Feeds
• IEEE Computer Society Digital Library RSS Feeds
• Princeton University Library
• New York Public Library

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Library 2.0 Instant Messaging
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Library 2.0 APIs

• An application-programming interface (API) is a
  set of programming instructions and standards for
  accessing a Web-based software application or Web
  tool. A software company releases its API to the
  public so that other software developers can
  design products that are powered by its service.
• For example, Amazon.com released its API so that
  Web site developers could more easily access
  Amazon's product information. Using the Amazon
  API, a third party Web site can post direct links
  to Amazon products with updated prices and an
  option to "buy now."
• An API is a software-to-software interface, not a
  user interface. With APIs, applications talk to
  each other without any user knowledge or
  intervention. When you buy movie tickets online
  and enter your credit card information, the movie
  ticket Web site uses an API to send your credit
  card information to a remote application that
  verifies whether your information is correct.
  Once payment is confirmed, the remote application
  sends a response back to the movie ticket Web
  site saying it's OK to issue the tickets.

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Library 2.0 Next-Generation Catalogs
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What is a Next-Generation Catalog?

• The emergence of the web has led to the
  development of many models for searching a
  database. And, while there are still many
  approaches, a few "standards" have emerged.
  Regardless of what product they offer, successful
  websites
• give the patron a simple search interface that
  allows the user to enter vague, broad, and simple
  searches
• allow the patron to drill down through the large
  result list, narrowing it down by whatever
  criteria they choose, until it is as precise as
  they want
• sort the results list so that the most relevant
  items are at the top of the list
• are tolerant of misspellings and unusual word
  choices in the patron's search
• Traditional library catalogs do not fare well
  when compared to this list. Next-generation
  catalogs give patrons the same tools they already
  enjoy on websites like Amazon and Google. Since
  library databases are generally built according
  to standards like MARC, they are usually
  ILS-agnostic and will work with a wide variety of
  systems.

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Some Web 2.0 Terminology

• Aggregator Software that retrieves content from
  the web via structured feeds published by
  websites, podcasts, blogs and other online
  content publishers.
• AJAX (Asynchronous Java Script and XML) A web
  development language that increases the
  interactivity, speed and functionality of the
  websites and applications.
• API (Application Programming Interface) Refers
  to the interface that an online service or
  application provides to allow data exchange and
  service sharing by other applications and tools.

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More Web 2.0 Terminology

• Atom Feed One of the main ways to syndicate
  content (using XML) from publishing platforms
  such as blogs and websites.
• Blog A simple content management system designed
  to make publication simple for the initial
  purpose of maintaining online diaries.
• Blogosphere The term given to the eve-growing
  collection of blogs across the Internet.
• Folksonomy The organization of the web based on
  community use of tags for categorization of
  content.

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Even More Web 2.0 Terminology

• Mash Up Application or tool created by combining
  data, content or other services to provide a
  single integrated experience.
• Podcast An audio file made available online for
  users to download and provided via feeds and
  syndication.
• RSS (Really Simple Syndication) A family of
  content feed formats (using XML) used to publish
  content from websites, blogs, etc.
• Social Bookmarking The process of storing,
  tagging and sharing websites and Internet
  resources using online tools.

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Still More Web 2.0 Terminology

• Social network Enables users to become members
  and connect based on common interests or
  demographics.
• Syndication Refers to making online content
  available from a website or publishing tool in
  order to provide other people with a updates of
  the recently added content via feeds.
• Tag Cloud Visual representation of the content
  tags for a website, blog or online community.
  Font size is used to indicate the relative use of
  the tag - with larger fonts used for the most
  popular tags.

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But wait! Theres more!

• Tagging The process of labeling items such as
  posts, photos, web pages or video by an online
  community to help classify the content and make
  searching and sharing easier.
• Trackback A tool that allows content that
  references other content to provide a connection
  between the two items.
• Wiki Community publishing tool or website that
  allows users to edit and control content. Wikis
  are collaborative projects that can be used to
  create extensive databases with the resource
  developed and expanded by its users.

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Okay. Just one more and were done

• XML (Extensible Markup Language) A system for
  sharing complex data structures and documents
  across multiple platforms. It is used to encode
  documents and serialize data with users able to
  define their own tags. It is the basis of the
  feeds and syndication that are driving web 2.0
  content distribution.

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Resources

• OReilly Radar http//radar.oreilly.com/
  O'Reilly Media's group blog about emerging
  technologies including Web 2.0, location, open
  source, ambient computing, mobile, web
  operations, and more
• Web 2.0 Glossary http//www.gooruze.com/articles/2
  0/Web-20-Glossary-Understanding-the-New-Media-Jarg
  on/
• Library 2.0 Service for the Next-Generation
  Library http//www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA63
  65200.html
• Library 2.0 Reading List (Squidoo)
  http//www.squidoo.com/library20
• Library Success A Best Practices Wiki
  http//www.libsuccess.org/index.php?titleMain_Pag
  e This wiki was created to be a one-stop shop
  for great ideas and information for all types of
  librarians. All over the world, librarians are
  developing successful programs and doing
  innovative things with technology that no one
  outside of their library knows about. There are
  lots of great blogs out there sharing information
  about the profession, but there is no one place
  where all of this information is collected and
  organized. That's what we're trying to do.

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More Resources

• Abram, S. (2006). Web 2.0, Library 2.0, and
  Librarian 2.0 Preparing for the 2.0 World.
  SirsiDynix OneSource 2. Retrieved October 27,
  2008, from http//www.imakenews.com/sirsi/e_articl
  e000505688.cfm?xb6yRqLJ,b2rpQhRM
• Boog, J. (2005). Library 2.0 Movement Sees
  Benefits in Collaboration with Patrons. Retrieved
  October 27, 2008, from http//www.publish.com/arti
  cle2/0,1895,1881893,00.asp
• Blyberg, J. (2006). 11 Reasons Why Library 2.0
  Exists and Matters. Blog entry. Retrieved October
  27, 2008, from http//www.blyberg.net/2006/01/09/1
  1-reasons-why-library-20-exists-and-matters/
• Bradley, P. (2007). How to Use Web 2.0 in Your
  Library. London Facet Publishing.
• Casey, M. Savastinuk, L. (2006). Library 2.0
  Service for the Next Generation Library.
  Retrieved October 27, 2008, from
  http//www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6365200.ht
  ml

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Still More Resources ?

• Cummins, R. (2007). Web 2.0 Bibliography.
  Retrieved October 27, 2008, from
  http//www.cpaustralia.com.au/web2.0/Web202.020B
  ibliography.pdf
• Farkas, M.G. (2007). Social Software in
  Libraries Building Collaboration, Communication,
  and Community. Medford, N.J. Information Today.
• Levine, J. (2006). Library 2.0 in the Real World.
  Blog entry. Retrieved October 27, 2008, from
  http//www.techsource.ala.org/blog/2006/01/library
  -20-in-the-real-world.html
• Maness, J. (2006). Library 2.0 Theory Web 2.0
  and Its Implications for Libraries. Webology 3.
  Retrieved October 27, 2008, from
  http//www.webology.ir/2006/v3n2/a25.html
• Miller, P. (2005). Web 2.0 Building the New
  Library. Ariadne 45. Retrieved October 27, 2008,
  from http//www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue45/miller/
• O'Reilly, T. (2005). What Is Web 2.0 Design
  Patterns and Business Models for the Next
  Generation of Software. Retrieved October 27,
  2008, from http//www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly
  /tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html