MT10 in Hydraulic systems

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MT-10 in Hydraulic systems
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Basic Principles

• Force that is applied at one point is transmitted
  to another point using an incompressible fluid.
• The fluid is almost always an oil of some sort.
• The force is almost always multiplied in the
  process.

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Fundamental laws of hydraulics

• Hydraulic pumps create flow - not pressure.
• Resistance to flow creates pressure.
• Flow determines actuator speed.
• Pressure determines actuator force.
• Fluid under pressure takes the path of least
  resistance. When fluid moves from an area of high
  pressure to an area of low pressure (pressure
  drop) without performing useful work, heat is
  generated.

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Damage to system
Common causes

• Contaminated hydraulic fluid
• Bad maintenance practices
• Overheating

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Contaminants of hydraulic fluid include

• solid particles
• Sediments
• air
• water
• other matter that impairs the function of the
  fluid.

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How does MT-10 improve hydraulic working?

• Reduces friction in pump and valves
• Reduces temperature
• Works even when water contamination
• Cleans blocked lines
• Reduces particle wear

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How solid particle contamination accelerates wear
of hydraulic components

• When a pump or motor is worn or damaged, internal
  leakage increases and therefore the flow
  available to do useful work decreases
• The rate at which damage occurs is dependent on
  the internal clearance of the components within
  the system, the size and quantity of particles
  present in the fluid, and system pressure.
• Particles larger than the component's internal
  clearances are not necessarily dangerous.

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How solid particle contamination accelerates wear
of hydraulic components

• Particles the same size as the internal
  clearances cause damage through friction.
• The most dangerous particles in the long term are
  those that are smaller than the component's
  internal clearances.
• Particles as small as 10 microns (a grain of salt
  is 100 microns) can cause severe damage to a
  hydraulic system and particles smaller than 5
  microns are highly abrasive. If present in
  sufficient quantities, these invisible 'silt'
  particles cause rapid wear, destroying hydraulic
  pumps and other components.

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How solid particle contamination accelerates wear
of hydraulic components

• The most dangerous particles in the long term are
  those that are smaller than the component's
  internal clearances. Particles as small as 10
  microns (a grain of salt is 100 microns) can
  cause severe damage to a hydraulic system and
  particles smaller than 5 microns are highly
  abrasive. If present in sufficient quantities,
  these invisible 'silt' particles cause rapid
  wear, destroying hydraulic pumps and other
  components.

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Solid particles Three-body abrasion

• When hydraulic fluid is contaminated with hard
  particles that are the same size as the clearance
  between two lubricated surfaces, a process known
  as three-body abrasion occurs.
• Three-body abrasion results in scoring and heavy
  wear of sliding surfaces

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How does MT-10 help?

• MT-10 changes the surface polarity of ferrous
  metal to positive
• Contaminates, such as wear particles,
  environmental dirt and oil precipitates all have
  a positive charge
• Therefore the MT-10 makes the metal surfaces
  repellant to these contaminants.

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How does MT-10 help Particles

• By making the surface polarity of ferrous metals
  positive the MT-10 will clean the metal surfaces
• The contaminates, will return/be reabsorbed into
  the oil
• This will INCREASE PPM of metal particles in the
  oil
• This may INCREASE oil viscosity

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MT-10 in gear pumps

• Wear caused by particles leads to internal
  leaking
• The MT-10 stops particles adhering to the metal
  surfaces, thus reduces wear damage.
• The particles continue circulating with the oil
  where they can be trapped by the filters.

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Wear caused by inadequate installation of pump

• A common misconception among maintenance
  personnel with limited training in hydraulics, is
  that because oil circulates through hydraulic
  components in operation, no special attention is
  required during installation, beyond fitting the
  component and connecting its hoses. Nothing
  could be further from the truth.
• After a hydraulic motor is installed, its case
  should be filled with clean prior to start-up.
  Starting a piston-type motor or pump without
  doing so, is similar to starting an internal
  combustion engine with no oil in the crankcase -
  premature failure is pretty much guaranteed.

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How does MT-10 help Pump installation

• The presence of MT-10 in the metal surfaces
  protects the pump even if installed with no oil.
• In 1998 we received a letter from a hydraulic
  pump repair specialist which stated
• A pump which is worked without oil takes only 15
  seconds to seize with damage to the faces of the
  pump as well as bushings or bearings. Once MT-10
  was applied to the hydraulic oil a test was run
  for 15 minutes with a constant pressure of 1000
  P.S.I. and 40oC, with a displacement of 5
  G.P.M.then the pump was operated without oil at
  1750 R.P.M. during 3.5 minutes reaching
  temperatures of 250oC. We stopped the machine
  and let the hydraulic pump cool down. When
  disassembled the pump showed no signs of wear on
  the faces of the gears and no wear was found on
  the bearings or shafts in spite of the
  temperatures reached

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Loss of lubrication Two-body abrasion

• In gear piston designs, friction is generated by
  the meshing of the gear teeth. The teeth have to
  be an exact fit to avoid loss of pressure.
• In axial piston designs, the cylinder barrel is
  hydrostatically loaded against the valve plate.
  The higher the operating pressure, the higher the
  hydrostatic force holding the cylinder barrel and
  valve plate in contact. However, if operating
  pressure exceeds design limits or if the valve
  plate is not in proper contact with the cylinder
  barrel, the cylinder barrel separates from the
  valve plate. Once separation occurs, the
  lubricating film is lost, the two surfaces come
  into contact and a process known as two-body
  abrasion occurs.

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How does MT-10 help Two-body abrasion

• The MT-10 will significantly reduce wear even
  when the lubricating film is lost.
• This will reduce to a minimum any chance of
  two-body abrasion

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Contaminants Sediments

• When sediments are deposited within system tubing
  their effect is similar to cholesterol in a human
  body. The increased resistance to flow increases
  system pressure,
• Slowing down the system
• Requiring the pump to work harder.
• Leading to increased temperature of operation
• Sediments may also cause pistons or valves to jam.

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How does MT-10 help System Obstruction

• MT-10s effect of changing the surface polarity
  leads to a general cleaning of the system once
  the product is added to the oil
• Thus MT-10 is like oatmeal for a hydraulic
  system and will unblock the tubes, reducing
  pressure on the pumps and allowing the machine to
  respond faster.
• The cleaning effect of MT-10 also will permit
  sticking parts to move smoothly and if the
  problem is small wear particles jammed parts to
  be freed and work again.

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Overheating

• Continuing to operate a hydraulic system when the
  fluid is over-temperature is similar to operating
  an internal combustion engine with high coolant
  temperature. Damage is guaranteed.

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High oil temperature

• Reduces oil viscosity
• Which provokes increased wear
• Which Shortens parts service life
• Dries out seals and washers
• Which allows oil to leak from pistons
• Which also allows environmental particles to
  enter hydraulic system

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Why do hydraulic systems overheat?

• Heating of hydraulic fluid in operation is caused
  by inefficiencies. Inefficiencies result in
  losses of input power, which are converted to
  heat. A hydraulic system's heat load is equal to
  the total power lost (PL) through inefficiencies
  and can be expressed as
• PLtotal PLpump PLvalves PLplumbing
  PLactuators
• If the total input power lost to heat is greater
  than the heat dissipated, the hydraulic system
  will eventually overheat.

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Solving overheating problems

• There are two ways to solve overheating problems
  in hydraulic systems
• Decrease heat load
• Increase heat dissipation
• Decreasing heat load is always the preferred
  option because it increases the efficiency of the
  hydraulic system.

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How does MT-10 help Overheating

• Reducing friction in the pump reduces temperature
• Reducing friction in the valves reduces
  temperature
• Reducing blockages in the pipes reduces system
  pressure and increases pump efficiency, reducing
  temperature.

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Benefits of MT-10 Overheating

• MT-10 helps oils maintain better viscosity
• Helps heat dissipation systems to continue
  working within acceptable limits
• Overheating dries out seals, reducing their
  flexibility and provoking oil leaks.
• When MT-10 reduces temperature it helps extend
  the life of seals, preventing leaks and the entry
  of contaminants into the system.

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Contaminants Water

• Water in hydraulic fluid can attack certain seal
  materials, cause corrosion of metal surfaces,
  decrease lubricity in the fluid and decrease
  bearing life.
• For example, as little as .02 water mixed in
  with the hydraulic oil will reduce bearing life
  by 50. (Source Machine Design, July 1986, "How
  Dirt and Water Affect Bearing Life" by the Timken
  Bearing Company.) Water can enter the hydraulic
  system through worn pump, motor, and cylinder
  seals

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Benefits of MT-10 Water contamination

• MT-10 impregnates the metal surface so it does
  not wash out.
• MT-10 is heavier than water, allowing it to reach
  metal surfaces even if there is water
  contamination
• MT-10 contains sophisticated technology against
  corrosion, reducing significantly the risk of
  rusting in the case that oil is contaminated by
  water.

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Summary How does MT-10 improve hydraulic working?

• Reduces friction in pump and valves
• Reduces temperature
• Works even when water contamination
• Cleans blocked lines
• Reduces particle wear
• Reduces oxidation