More, More, More

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More, More, More!
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Steve

• First grade student
• Attends a typical public school
• Middle- aged female teacher with 27 classmates
• Is not currently diagnosed with any kind of
  disorder or disability

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Steves Strengths

• Very happy
• Upbeat
• Loves to talk and share his knowledge with his
  peers
• Expressive
• Creative
• Competitive

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Steves Weaknesses

• Steve can be seen.
• excessively talking to his peers
• often times out of his seat
• making disruptive or disturbing noises
• as a know-it-all
• bothering his peers

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Observation

• Two Problematic setting
• Direct Instruction
• Transitions

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Overall Setting
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Direct Instruction

• Behaviors
• Shouting out
• Disrupting classmates- kicking, talking, tapping
  his pencil
• Making loud animal noises
• Moving inappropriately
• Behaviors are aimed at
• Getting Stimulation 59
• Avoiding boredom 24
• Gets Self-determination 18

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Payoffs of Direct Instruction
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Specific Examples

• Getting stimulation
• collecting garbage off the floor during math
  lesson
• playing with his shoes for an entire Reading
  lesson
• throwing his pencil at another student
• rocking on his knees for 10 minutes- during a
  word stretching activity
• Avoids
• Making loud animal noises at the beginning a
  repetitive lesson on writing the letter Q
• Shouting O loudly several times during an
  activity
• What sound do you hear

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Transitions

• Description of Behaviors
• Shouting out
• Disrupting classmates- kicking talking
• Making loud disrupting noises
• Moving inappropriately
• These Behaviors are aimed at
• Getting Stimulation 86

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Payoffs during Transition
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Specific Examples

• Getting Stimulation
• Jumping on students
• Collecting garbage and throwing it up like
  confetti
• Continuing falling down while walking in line
• Making disruptive noises while washing his hands
• Disrupting the teacher by making loud gagging
  noises

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Getting Stimulation

• Largest get
• Steve is attempting to stimulate himself through
  his misbehavior
• He is obviously not receiving enough stimulation

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Consequences of Misbehavior

• He is constantly redirected
• He has been since into the hall
• His desk has been separated from his peers

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ADHD

• 4 to 12 of school aged children have been
  diagnosed with ADHD (Barson, 2004)
• Most common symptoms
• Inattentiveness
• Hyperactivity
• Impulsivity
• Which include
• Fidgeting
• Leaving seat
• Talking excessively
• Blurting out answers
• Interrupting or intruding

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ADHD Tourette Syndrome

• Tourettes is an disorder characterized by
  involuntary motor and vocal tics (Munson, 2005)
• Males are more often affected with Tourettes
  (Leckman, 2002)
• Most people with this syndrome have normal IQs
  (Munson, 2005)
• 60 of children diagnosed with tourette's also
  have ADHD (Denckla, 2006)

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Tourette Syndrome

• Examples
• Making loud animal noises at the beginning a
  repetitive lesson on writing the letter Q
• Shouting O loudly several times during a What
  sound do you hear activity
• Disrupting the teacher by making loud gagging
  noises

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Tests

• Steve should be tested for ADHD
• Steve should have a MRI to test for Tourette
  syndrome

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Interventions

• Give Steve more stimulation by
• Peer tutoring
• Assigning him special chores (organizing the
  library area, sharpening pencils, or picking up
  garbage)
• Add fun and exciting surprises to lessons
• Praising him when he is behaving properly
• Give him more small group activity time

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References

• Barzman, D.H., Fieler, L., Floyd, F.R. (2004).
  Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and
  Treatment. The Journal of Legal Medicine, 25,
  23-38.
• Denckla, M.B. (2006). Attention-Deficit
  Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Comorbidity A Case
  for Pure Tourette Syndrome? Journal of Child
  Neurology,21, 701-703.
• DuPaul, G.J., Hoff, K.E. (1998). Reducing
  disruptive behavior in general education
  classrooms The use of self-management
  strategies. School Psychology Review, 27,
  290-304.
• Egger, H.L., Kondo, D., Angold, A. (2006). The
  Epidemiology and Diagnostic Issues in Preschool
  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Infants
  Young Children, 19, 109-122.
• Furman, L. (2005). What is Attention-Deficit
  Hyperactivity Disorder. Journal of Child
  Neurology, 20, 994-1002.
• Leckman, J.F. (2002). Tourettes syndrome. The
  Lancet,360, 1577-1586.
• Munson, B.L. (2005). About Tourettes syndrome.
  Nursing, 35, 29-29.
• Zentall, S.S. (2006). ADHD and Education-
  Foundations, Characteristics, Methods, and
  Collaboration. New Jersey Pearson Educational,
  Inc.