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IT Essentials I Chapter Five

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'Do not worry about your problems with mathematics; I assure you ... Location of the Master Boot Record (MBR) only on bootable disks. Formatting a hard drive ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: IT Essentials I Chapter Five


1
IT Essentials IChapter Five
  • Windows 9x Operating System

2
Introduction
Quotes of the day Do not worry about your
problems with mathematics I assure you mine are
far greater. --Einstein   "640K of memory ought
to be enough for anybody." --Bill Gates, in 1981
 
Meet our crack tech support staff
3
The Windows 9x file structure and file management
system
  • Tree structure
  • Directories Folders
  • Sub-directories Sub-folders
  • File name size
  • 255 characters with a 3 letter extension
  • Upper Lower case text
  • Treated the same in windows
  • Drive Letters
  • All 26 letters of the alphabet

4
System Properties
  • Accessed through
  • start gt
  • settings gt
  • control panel gt
  • system
  • Tabs
  • General
  • Device Manager
  • Hardware Profile
  • Performance

5
Right Click Options
  • The available options depend upon where you right
    click
  • Move
  • Create shortcut
  • Paste
  • Send to
  • New

6
File Extensions
  • .doc
  • .xls
  • .dbf or .dat
  • .txt
  • .exe or .com
  • .sys
  • .dll
  • .htm or .html
  • .ini
  • .rtf
  • .wks or .wk1
  • .ppt
  • .bmp, .jpg, .mpg
  • .wav, .mp3

7
Registry
  • The Registry is a hierarchical database that is
    an efficient management system for all of the
    information needed by the Windows operating
    system
  • Made up of two files
  • System.dat
  • User.dat
  • Although can still use
  • Win.ini
  • System.ini

8
System Tools
  • Regedit
  • Registry editor
  • Scanreg
  • Registry repair/backup
  • MSConfig
  • Controls system startup
  • Wscript
  • Configuration of scripting host
  • Hwinfo
  • Detailed information about hardware

9
Partitions
  • Maximum size of 2GB with DOS
  • FDISK
  • Primary (active)
  • Only 1 in DOS/95/98
  • up to 4 separate partitions in Windows 2000
  • Extended only one partition allowed
  • However can be turned into 23 logical drives

10
Boot Sector Partition Table
  • Created by FDISK
  • Boot sector stores information to boot OS
  • Partition table
  • Located in boot sector only on partitioned drives
  • Information found in partition table
  • Location / starting point of each logical drive
  • Information on which partition is marked active
  • Location of the Master Boot Record (MBR) only on
    bootable disks

11
Formatting a hard drive
  • Low level format
  • Marks disks into sectors and cylinders, and
    defines placement on disk
  • High level format
  • creates logical structures on disk that tell the
    system what files are on disk and where by using
    a FAT
  • File Allocation Table (FAT)
  • Located in disk sector 0.
  • Is a reference table to find files

12
Formatting a hard drive
  • Tracks
  • magnetic tracks in concentric circles on disk
  • Sectors
  • tracks broken into chunks of 512 bytes
  • Cluster (block)
  • minimum unit DOS will use to store files
  • Cylinder
  • all tracks having the same number in a multiple
    disk stack that rotate on a common spindle

13
General Troubleshooting Concepts
  • Start the system in a logical order to see what
    symptoms are produced
  • Define the problem as either Hardware or Software
  • Once known further isolate a particular section
  • Determine solution, remedy and test

14
Basic Troubleshooting Tools
  • Safe mode
  • Loads only basic device drivers
  • Device manager
  • Used to ensure no conflicts
  • Scandisk
  • Checks for and fixes errors
  • Defrag
  • Pulls file pieces together
  • Virus scan
  • Checks for virus
  • FDISK /MBR
  • Will rebuild the crucial OS boot record

15
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