AREN 2110: WATER PROPERTIES

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AREN 2110 WATER PROPERTIES

• STATE INFORMATION FOR LIQUID, SATURATED
  LIQUID-SATURATED VAPOR PHASE MIXTURES, AND
  SUPERHEATED STEAM
• P-v AND T-v DIAGRAMS
• SATURATED LIQUID-VAPOR AND STEAM TABLE EXAMPLES

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Phase Equilibrium Conditions and Associated
Temperature Points (Drawn volumes are not to
scale)
SAT. ICE SAT WATER
ICE
LIQUID WATER
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Q
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T Ti ice point
SUPER-HEATED STEAM
SAT. STEAM
SAT. STEAM
SAT. LIQUID
SAT. LIQUID
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Q
Q
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T gt TS
T TS
T TS boiling point
T TS
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STATE 1 PURE LIQUID H2O T 20 C P 1
ATM "COMPRESSED LIQUID" Add heat, T increases. P
held constant by piston air weight, DV gt 0
STATE 2 PURE LIQUID H2O T 100 C P 1
ATM "SATURATED LIQUID" IF any heat added, liquid
vaporizes. P constant, DV gt 0
STATE 3 2-PHASE MIXTURE T 100 C P 1
ATM "SATURATED LIQUID-VAPOR MIXTURE" Add heat,
more liquid ? vapor, DT 0, DV gt 0
STATE 4 ALL H20-VAPOR T 100 C P 1
ATM "SATURATED VAPOR" IF any heat lost, vapor
will condense (DT 0, DV lt 0). If heat added, DT
gt 0, DV gt 0.
STATE 5 ALL H20-VAPOR T 200 C P 1
ATM "SUPERHEATED VAPOR" IF some heat lost, but T
gt 100 C, no condensation, DT lt 0, DV lt 0. IF heat
added, DT gt 0, DV gt 0
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LIQUID-VAPOR PHASES UNDER CONSTANT PRESSURE
WITH HEAT ADDED FOR LIQUID TEMP INCREASE,
BOILING, AND STEAM TEMP INCREASE PISTON
MAINTAINS PRESSURE AT 1 ATM FOR ALL STEPS.
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PLOT MULTIPLE ISOBARIC PHASE CHANGE T-v LINES TO
PRODUCE COMPLETE LIQUID WATER-STEAM T-v DIAGRAM
FOR H2O
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Q
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STATE 1 PURE LIQUID H2O T 150 C P 1 MPa (
100 atm) "COMPRESSED LIQUID" Lower pressure
(decrease piston W), T held constant, Dv gt 0
STATE 2 PURE LIQUID H2O T 150 C P Psat
0.4758 MPa "SATURATED LIQUID" Liquid begins to
boil. DP 0, Dv gt 0, (expands, DW 0)
STATE 3 2-PHASE MIXTURE T 150 C P Psat
0.4758 MPa "SATURATED LIQUID-VAPOR
MIXTURE" Boils, expands, DT 0, DP 0, Dv gt 0
(DW 0)
STATE 4 ALL SATURATED H20-VAPOR T 150 C P
Psat 0.4758 MPa "SATURATED VAPOR" IF any
expansion and DT 0, Dv gt 0, DP lt 0 (DW lt 0)
IF Dv lt 0, condensation, DP 0, DT 0
PHASE CHANGE UNDER CONSTANT TEMPERATURE. FOR
1-PHASE, PRESSURE REDUCED BY LOWERING PISTON
WEIGHT HEAT ADDED TO MAINTAIN ISOTHERMAL
CONDITION AS SPECIFIC VOLUME INCREASES AT EACH
STEP. DURING BOILING P AND T ARE CONSTANT.
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STATE 5 SUPERHEATED STEAM T 150 C P 0.2
MPa "SUPERHEATED VAPOR" no condensation if P
increased but lt 0.4758 MPa, DT 0, IF DP lt 0, Dv
gt 0
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PLOT MULTIPLE ISOTHERMAL PHASE CHANGE P-v LINES
TO PRODUCE COMPLETE LIQUID WATER-STEAM P-v
DIAGRAM FOR H2O
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