City of San Fernando biosphere gasification facility

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JETBLACK
KENYA LTD
Biosphere Gasification Ecotechnology
Yesterdays waste is tomorrows energy
www.jetblackgroup.com
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Jetblack Kenya Ltd

• Jetblack Kenya Ltd is a domestic Corporation
  registered under the laws of Kenya
• It has been granted the exclusive license to
  deploy, operate, market the Biosphere facilities
  and technology

www.jetblackgroup.com
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Our Vision (1/2)

• We envision a Zero Waste Society with a social
  responsibility towards a better future
• Jetblack Kenya Ltd is a renewable energy
  (Waste-to-Energy) company.
• Jetblack Kenya Ltds commitment to green energy
  development is based in the founder Elisha
  Keshoneys intention to help solve the problem of
  pollution caused by landfill emissions and the
  effects of fossil fuel used in electricity
  generation.
• We seek unique partnerships with communities to
  provide environmentally friendly and
  economically advantageous solutions to waste
  disposal and power needs.

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Our Vision (2/2)

• Fossil fuels will not last long
• Preventing global warming
• Reducing pollution
• Removing dependency on oil rich countries
• Helping developing countries to grow
• Creating green jobs
• Alternative energy investment benefits

• Jetblack Kenya Ltd is guided by several reasons
  why the future of the world economy depends on
  renewable energy

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Our Mission

• To be the leading renewable energy provider using
  the Biosphere Gasification Technology.
• To develop strategic partnership with people who
  share our vision.
• To provide a great opportunity to save our
  planet and get a good return on investment
  capital.

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Our Values

• Fostering commitment, teamwork, innovation and
  excellence
• Develop innovations in pursuit of growth and
  opportunity
• Caring for the community and for the future

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Biosphere Development Corps unique EcoTechnology
  creates electricity by destroying waste in a
  cost-effective manner without polluting the
  environment.
• The Biosphere Process creates electricity by
  gasifying traditional and non-traditional waste
  materials and/or fossil fuels using extremely
  high temperatures.
• This process is done in a limited-oxygen
  environment thereby significantly limiting
  atmospheric emissions.
• Biosphere Development Corp is a world leader in
  the micro-power generation and environmental
  infrastructure market.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Biosphere Process and Technology is a process of
  gasification. It harnesses the calorific value
  (combustibility) of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW)
  to create a heat source that produce super
  heated steam via boiler, which drives a
  combination stream turbine/alternator, generating
  green electricity.

• The process begins with waste going into the
  Biosphere chamber there beginning the thermal
  transformation into a clean combustible gas
  referred to as syngas.
• The syngas is used to produce electricity in a
  combined cycle gas/steam turbine. Heat generated
  by the process can be used to produce
  electricity, superheat steam, heat boiler feed
  water and distil desalinate seawater.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The Biosphere and EcoTechnology operates on a
  Zero Waste Philosophy
• A Zero Waste Philosophy works on the process of
  recycling all feedstock back into nature or the
  marketplace in a manner that protects human
  health and the environment.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The Biosphere Zero Waste Philosophy is
• The conversion of any carbon-based materials in
  excess of 97
• Non-Carbon based materials are converted into a
  vitrified glass
• Molten metals are separated from the glass and
  recovered
• Non-carbon based feedstock materials are
  converted into saleable products with nothing
  left over
• The fuel gas produced is much cleaner than
  standard gasification processes and only contains
  traces of some elemental contaminates such as
  articulates, chlorine, sulfur and metals
• There are no tars, furans and dioxins
• There is virtually no need for a landfill with
  this process

• The sole discharge into the air is from the
  turbine , which meets the United States
  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emission
  standards

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• REVENUES
• Waste tipping and processing fees
• Sales of by-products and recyclables
• Electricity Sales
• Green Energy Credits
• Biomass Tax Credits

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Site Characteristics
• Accessibility to the commercial industrial and
  residential centers
• Accessibility to the grid
• Community resistance to landfills
• Great demand for green energy
• Motivated government and industry
• decision-makers

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The Biosphere Process and Technology was invented
  by Dr. Chris McCormack
• The technology is a gasification process which
  begins with waste going into the Biosphere
  Chamber
• At the Biosphere Chamber, there beginning the
  thermal transformation which converts into
  combustible gas called Syngas
• The Biosphere Process has been tested to
  European and US Environment Protection Agency
  (EPA) standards by Bord na Mona Environmental
  Limited
• This Process meets and exceeds the requirement of
  the newest EPA regulations, the newest European
  Union regulations and all appropriate operations
  and emissions standards in any clients
  jurisdiction

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• It is a unique EcoTechnology that creates
  electricity by destroying waste in a
  cost-effective manner without polluting the
  environment
• Creates electricity by gasifying traditional and
  non-traditional waste materials and/or fossil
  fuel using extremely high temperature
• Process is done in limited-oxygen environment
  thereby significantly limiting atmospheric
  emissions

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• About the Process
• Gasification of 3000 Degree Fahrenheit
• Waste is turned into gas under a low
  oxygen/negative atmosphere environment
• Process is continually monitored using a
  sophisticated proprietary computerized system
• Because of the very limited amount of oxygen
  injected into the Biosphere, the system meets
  with and exceeds all European and US atmospheric
  emissions standards.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The process is a proven technology which
• Eliminates solid and liquid waste
• Reduces landfill volume by 93
• Consumes 172 tons of waste unit per day
• Recovers brown field and landfill sites for
  development
• Generates 7-10 MW continuous power /hour
• Distills 53,000 gallons of drinkable
  water/unit/hour
• Produces inert ash sold to commercial and
  industrial market.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Extraction Options
• The process can reclaim many valuable resources
• Pozzolanic ash
• Highalloy steel wire
• Carbon black
• Electricity

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Biosphere Extraction Options
• Life Energy's philosophy is to recover as many
  profitable by-products for reuse, depending on
  the demands in the local economy. The Biosphere
  Processing System can reclaim many valuable
  resources
• Pozzolanic AshPozzolanic ash is the residue
  collected from the Biosphere System. It has
  several commercial uses, including use as a road
  base and as a material for making concrete block.
  When included in cement mix, the ash provides
  iron oxide, silica, and alumina that considerably
  strengthen the cement doing so avoids the cost
  of purchasing these additives separately.
• High-Alloy Steel WireHigh-alloy steel wire
  extracted from used tires typically contains
  titanium or vanadium and is a cost-effective
  alternative to purchasing these materials
  separately when creating a steel melt that
  requires their inclusion.
• Carbon BlackBecause of the unique design of the
  Biosphere System, every Biosphere facility that
  disposes tires can produce extremely high-quality
  carbon black. Carbon black is an important filler
  in the rubber industry and next to titanium
  dioxide it is the most important pigment in
  printing inks, toners, single-ply roofing,
  paints, and plastics.
• ElectricityThe Biosphere System produces 5
  megawatts of electricity an hour which is enough
  to generate enough power to supply about 5,000
  households annually.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The Biosphere Process, safely, efficiently and
  under minimal oxygen conditions, gasifies
  traditional and non-traditional by-products,
  and/or fossil fuels, into electricity and other
  beneficial by-products. The Biosphere Process
  assists in solving the global warming problem by
  converting disposable materials such as
• INTO CLEAN, GREEN ELECTRICITY, and or PROCESS
  STEAM .

• Municipal Solid Waste
• Automobile and Truck Tires
• Petroleum and Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)
  Waste
• Agricultural Surpluses, animal waste or Animal
  Parts Waste and affluents
• Industrial Waste
• Sour or Wet Natural Gas without refining
• Soil-contaminated Waste
• Land Fill Reclamation
• Traditional Fossil Fuels, including sulfur
  contaminated coal and untreated Shale Oil
• Petroleum drilling waste such as oil-contaminated
  
• Top Soil, Drill Cuttings and Oil-contaminated
  Ground Water

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Electricity 5 to 8 tons of waste per hour which
  can equal 6 MW per hour
• As a byproduct the system can produce up to 5,000
  gallons per hour of Potable water to World
  Health Standards
• Production of carbon black, the major ingredient
  used in the printing and cosmetics industries
• Metal recycling

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages

• STAGE 1
• MATERIAL IS COLLECTED AND BROUGHT TO A CENTRAL
  BIOSPHERE PROCESS FACILITY WHERE THE 100 OF
  THE TOTAL TONNAGE IS PROCESSED.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages

• STAGE 2
• MATERIAL IS SORTED FOR RECYCLING BY THE
  BIOSPHERE SEPARATOR
• COMPOST PRODUCTION (20)
• PLASTIC RUBBER RECOVERY (10)
• METAL,GLASS, AGGREGATE RECOVERY
• (3,5,8)
• MATERIAL PROCESSED TO GENERATE
• ELECTRICITY
• OPERATING AT A RATE OF 5-8 TONS/HR EACH
  RECEIVING LINE SEPARATES MATERIAL INTO FEEDSTOCK
  STREAMS COMPRISING PUTRESCIBLE AND
  NON-PUTRESCIBLE MATERIALS IF NECESSARY

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages
STAGE 3 ALL NON-RECYCLED MATERIAL IS FORCED
THROUGH THE BIOSPHERE DENSIFIER WHICH COMPACTS
THE MATERIAL INTO 20 G OF FLAKES WITH 15-20
MOISTURE (TERMED BIOSPHERE FLAKES) AT THE RATE OF
5-8 TON/HOUR.THESE FLAKES FUEL THE BIOSPHERE
PROCESS.
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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages

• STAGE 4
• BIOSPHERE FLAKES ARE FED INTO BIOSPHERE VENTURI
  FLUX AT 3500 DEGREE FAHRENHEIT /2100 DEGREE
  CENTIGRADE.
• THIS PROCESS PRODUCES INERT GAS WHICH IS THEN
  RECYCLED INTO CONCRETE, MASONRY AND BLACK CARBON.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages
STAGE 5 GASIFICATION PRODUCTS IN STAGE FOUR
POWER A GAS TURBINE FOR MICRO POWER GENERATION.
AS A BY-PRODUCT OF ELECTRIC GENERATION,
CONTAMINATED WATER WHICH WAS EMPLOYED INITIALLY
AS A CIRCULATING COOLANT IS DISTILLED BY
EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION AND COLLECTED AS A
POTABLE WATER.
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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Five Stages

• Flux Used to Power Turbine
• In stage five, the 1832F - 3272F flux
  produced in stage four is used to power a steam
  turbine for micro-power generation. This heat
  then produces a by-product, electricity
  production. The electricity produced can be used
  to power local industry. The high heat can also
  be used for desalination, water purification, air
  conditioning, food processing, etc.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• FEASIBILITY STUDIES COMPLETE
• Spectrum Blue Steel Corporation has conducted in
  2008 a Feasibility Study to determine the
  feasibility of Biosphere Gasification project in
  the Philippines. A review on the technology,
  available feedstock and existing generation
  assets were conducted.
• It was determined that with Biosphere Technology
  as a waste disposal process and as a
  waste-to-energy system, the project is viable and
  financially feasible.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The Biosphere Process System, has been tested to
  European and US EPA standards by Bord na Móna
  Environmental Limited.
• The Biosphere Process System meets and exceeds
  the requirements of the newest EPA regulations,
  the newest European Union regulations and all
  appropriate operations and emissions standards in
  any clients jurisdictions.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Environmental and Public Health
• Addresses both energy production and waste
  management issues
• Air emissions are well within prescribed limit
• No toxic leftovers that require landfill or which
  cause leachate issues
• NOx and Sox credits from displacing dirty coal
  plants
• Groundwater and methane avoidance credits from
  displacing landfills
• Eligible as Renewable Energy Developer as
  Renewable Energy Market (REM)

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The results from the extractive monitoring survey
  conducted obtained are compared with guideline
  values and limits referenced from the following
  sources
•  
• EPA Integrated Pollution Control Licensing
  Batneec Guidance Note for the Waste Sector
  (Revision 1 May 1996)
• COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 8 June 1989 on the
  prevention of air pollution from new municipal
  waste incineration plants (89/369/EEC)
• COMMON POSITION adopted by the Council with a
  view to adopting Directive 2000//EC of the
  European Parliament and of the Council of on the
  incineration of waste (2000/C 25/02)

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The results show that the levels of
  dioxins/furans are below both the Batneec
  guidance value and the pending EU Directive limit
  of 0.1ng (I-TEQ)/m3 by a factor of at least 10.
  There are currently no limits or pending limits
  for the emissions of PCBs, PAHs, chlorobenzenes
  and chlorophenols to atmosphere from thermal
  gasification units. The individual levels of
  these species are low and on many cases below the
  analytical limit of detection.
• The levels of metals detected are low, with many
  concentrations below the analytical detection
  limit. The metals that were detected include
  iron, zinc, manganese, copper and tin.
  Non-isokinetic sampling was carried out to
  determine levels of hexavalent chromium and these
  were shown to be below the limit of detection.
  With the exception of mercury, there are no
  limits for individual metals. Limits are
  however, set down in each of the three sources,
  that amalgamate certain metals.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• MSW collection and Handlingtraditional
  landfilling

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Sorting Options

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Range of handling equipment

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Range of handling equipment

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Range of handling Feedstock

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Biosphere Ancillary Equipment

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Pellets

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• It is the elevated temperature in Chamber 3, 2100
  2500 degree Centigrade that destroys any
  pollutants that might be emitted to the
  atmosphere.
• This elevated temperature is achieved by the
  careful monitoring of oxygen and temperature
  using the probes installed in Chamber 3.
• Achieving this elevated temperature is achieved
  by the gasification that takes place in Chamber
  1, the gasification chamber l and the primary
  oxidation that takes place in the primary
  oxidation chamber or chamber 2. As with Chamber
  3, temperature and oxygen concentrations are
  carefully controlled in Chamber 2, with a series
  of ten oxygen and temperature proves.

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• The system is maintained at negative pressures by
  the combined use of the induction fan and air
  handling equipment at the rear of the system, and
  the primary and secondary air fans. The operation
  of these fans are controlled by variable speed
  motors that are controlled by our Schneider
  Control package that runs on a Modicon PLC) that
  is windows controlled.
• Similar oxygen temperature and pressure probes
  are fitted to chamber 3.
• Primary and secondary combustion air are
  delivered to the chambers through a series of
  plenums and baffles .

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Plants are designed, built, delivered,
  commissioned and monitored by Biosphere
  Development Corporation
• Plants are delivered complete with all required
  machinery, except locally required materials
  handling and electrical substations
• Plants have been in operation with clients for 5
  years
• Operational and engineering reports available
• Plants are designed to operate for 8700 hours per
  annum
• Programmed maintenance and support takes one hour
  per week

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• Plants have a 25 year program life
• All plants are fully guaranteed and warranted by
  our manufacturer
• Plants make electricity continually in 6 MW/hour
  increments
• Plants consume waste in 8 tons per hour
  increments
• Saleable Byproducts included
• A 15 MW per hour plant requires 15,000 square
  feet
• Local civil engineering works are client
  dependant
• We deliver and install in 12 weeks

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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Benefits to the
community
Carbon equivalent emissions for four waste
management strategies
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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology Carbon Credit
Trading
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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology

• This presentation has been developed for a
  specific application and not for general use
• Therefore, it may not be used without the written
  approval of Spectrum Blue Steel Corporation
• Unapproved use is the sole responsibility of the
  unauthorized user.

THIS PROJECT IS FOR ALL THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD
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Contact

• Elisha Keshoney
• C.E.O Jetblack Kenya Ltd
• Address
• Cannon House,Suite 216,2nd floor Haile Sellasie
  Avenue
• P.O.Box 6559-0020 Nairobi
• Phone
• Office 254 20 214984
• Cell 254 727255247,722259057
• Email
• keshy_at_jetblackgroup.com

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