Large Scale Water Conservation System for MultiUnit Housing

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Large Scale Water Conservation System for
Multi-Unit Housing

• H2OptiSns

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Purpose of System

• Water consumption in many apartment buildings can
  not be traced to individual units
• Leaking water fixtures are hard to identify if
  not reported by residents
• Inspecting all units is required to find the few
  leaking fixtures
• Our system identifies problems so that timely
  repairs can be made before significant water is
  wasted

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System Description

• Toilet and faucet sensors detect water flow
• Sensor readings are transmitted from each fixture
  to on-site base station
• Base station compiles sensor readings to provide
  information on leaking faucets
• Leaking faucet maintenance is coordinated based
  on review of base station data
• Costs are kept low with simple components and
  power conservation

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Custom Flow Switch Hall Effect Sensor
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Custom Network Architecture

• Static, clustered network
• Modified TinyOS allows Coordinator motes to
  communicate on two groupids
• Coordinator motes form multi-hop network
• Sensor motes attach to closest Coordinator
• Coordinator mote assign TOS_LOCAL to Sensors

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Data Reporting

• 2 Types
• Data Compression
• Each sensor compresses its ons and offs using
  homegrown Arithmetic coding algorithm
• Base station uncompresses and looks for patterns
• Quadrant Mapping
• Each sensor transmits total number of ons and
  total number of distinct water events
• Base station maps data on quadrant chart
• Fixtures mapped into the High Number of Ons/Low
  Number of Water Events quadrant are investigated

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Next Steps

• Beta test at a current client-site
• Standardize packaging and installation
• Roll out as a viable water conservation tool