Public Nutrition:

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Public Nutrition Assessment and Advanced
Analysis INHL 709 Spring 2009 Tues Thurs
9.0010.30 in 2200-23 troubleshooting 1-2.30
Fridays
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• Introduction (lectures 1 2)
• Assessment and Analysis
• Planning framework questions to address
• Research questions and dummy tables
• Language, variables, indicators
• Data sources
• Data transformations, units of analysis.

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For programme planning
You need to decide
Coverage how many people? Targeting
who? Intensity resources/head Content what
activities (components)?
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2. Planning framework questions to
address (and dummy tables)
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Research questions Specify keep going till
you answer them refer back to them when you get
lost
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Research questions
Dummy tables
Define variables
Design questionnaire
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Research questions on malnutrition (examples)

• How serious/extensive is it? (Compare to norms)
• Is it worse in some places/for some populations?
  (Compare between groups at one time)
• Is it getting better or worse, for whom? (Compare
  between times, for groups norm 0.5 1 ppt/yr)
• What is cause of current situation, or changes?
  (Analyze associations includes evaluation)

You could also ask what problems are we trying
to solve, and what resources do we have this
would come in at question 1, but then continue to
ask how the resources address the problems ...
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• How serious/extensive is malnutrition?
• E.g. prevalences of underweight, wasting, GAM
  etc.
• Note interpretation may need to differ by
  population group, e.g. pastoralists vs
  agriculturalists mortality risk varies in
  relation to GAM. 10 cut-point for
  agriculturalists may be equivalent to 20 for
  pastoralists

E.G of dummy table
E.g. of cut-points 10 warning, 20 emergency
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• Is malnutrition worse in some places/for some
  populations?

Example of dummy table compare districts A and
B Dont forget precise title!
Prevalences of wasting and stunting in children lt
110 cms in Northern province, January 2007
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3. Is malnutrition getting better or worse, for
whom?

Example of dummy table
Prevalences of wasting in children 6-59 months in
January and July 2007 in Northern province
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or
Prevalences of underweight children (6-59 mo) in
2001 (May-July) and 2005 (June-Nov)
Sources DHS, 2001 MICS, 2005
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4A. What are possible causes of the current
levels of malnutrition?
Prevalence of underweight in children (6-59 mo)
by food security and district, controlling for
education level
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4B. What are possible causes of changes in
malnutrition?
Changes in prevalences of malnutrition Jan July
2007 in children (6-59 months) with receipt of
food aid, for food insecure and secure households.
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3. Language, variables, indicators
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4. Data sources
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5. Data transformations, units of analysis
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• Units of analysis (file structure)
• Preserve information
• Decide early
• Usually most disaggregated, repeating if
  needed (e.g. individual, household)
• Beware confounding, ecological fallacies if
  aggregated (e.g. district) data
• Care with hierarchical data, clusters, design
  effects.