Module I:

1

• Module I
• Basic Principles
• Naylin Oo
• Information, Communication and Space Technology
  Division
• UNESCAP

2
Module I Basic Principles

• Section 1 Introduction, basic terminology, class
  discussion, and practical exercise
• Section 2 Basic principles of a web site and
  searching data on the Internet (exercise)

3
Module I Basic Principles

• Session 1
• Introduction
• Naylin Oo
• Information, Communication and Space Technology
  Division
• UNESCAP

4

• If it is not on web . . . . . . it does not
  exist
• Eric Hermouet

5
Internet Demographics

• The internet (or WWW) that we know of today is
  around 15 years old
• Over 1 billions Internet users worldwide (March
  2007)
• Asia 400 millions
• Europe 315 millions
• N. America 235 millions
• Latin America 97 millions
• Africa 35 millions
• The rest 40 millions
• (Source Internet World Stats, March 2007)

6
Internet Demographics
7
Module I Basic Principles

• Session 1
• Basic Terminology

8
The Internet

• A Network of Computer Networks
• (Intranet private network within an
  organization)
• Providing a large number of services
• World Wide Web
• E-mail
• Chat
• Internet Phones (VoIP)
• File Transfer
• Newsgroups
• Telnet

9
The Internet
10
An unbalanced network?

• Global Internet Map (http//www.telegeography.com/
  products/map_internet/index.php)
• Internet Traffic Report (http//www.internettraffi
  creport.com/main.htm)
• Different communication protocols
• Different connection modes
• Different speed
• Different level of reliability
• Different pricing policies

11
Communication Protocols

• For the communication, we use Protocols
• Protocols are agreed standards for data
  transfer
• Examples of Protocols are
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  (TCP/IP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

12
Different connection modes

• Dialup
• 56 Kbs
• Broadband
• ISDN
• Integrated Services Digital Network
• use ordinary phone lines
• transmit digital instead of analog signals
• 64 Kbs or 128 Kbs

13
Different connection modes

• Broadband (continued)
• ADSL
• Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
• Use traditional copper telephone lines
• Download at speeds of up to 1.544 Megabits
• Upload at speeds of up to128 Kilobits per second
• Maximum distance between user and phone switching
  office
• Becoming the next standard?
• xDSL
• Variations of ADSL

14
Different connection modes

• Broadband (continued)
• Cable Modem
• Usually using TV cables (fibre optic or coaxial)
• Speed up to 10 Mbs
• Leased line, T1
• Dedicated digital connection
• Up to 1.5 Mbs
• Non-cable based
• Satellite
• Radio modem

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Module I Basic Principles

• World Wide Web

16
What is WWW?

• The World Wide Web (or the "Web") is a system of
  interlinked, hypertext documents that runs over
  the Internet. - wikipedia
• Standards used for display of Web-content are
• HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
• Extensible Markup Language (XML)

17
Accessing the WWW

• To access the WWW, you need a web browser
  Internet Explorer (IE), Firefox (Mozzila), Opera,
  etc.
• In many cases, information are made available in
  specific and thus you need a specific software or
  plug-ins (e.g., viewers, players or office
  applications)

18
Browser-window
Page Title
Address bar
Menu bar
Standard buttons
Connection
Status bar
19
Elements of a (NSO) website (1)
Logo
Navigation elements
Search engine
20
Elements of a (NSO) website (2)
Feedback emailto
External Links
21
Elements of a (NSO) website (3)
Static Tables
Database Access
Spreadsheets
22
Elements of a (NSO) website (4)
Graphs
Documents in PDF-format
23
Web Addresses

• To find the right connection with the right
  computer, we use Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
• http//www.unsiap.or.jp/training/web/index.htm

24
Module 1 Basic Principles

• Session 2
• Basic Principles of
• a web site
• Naylin Oo
• Information, Communication and Space Technology
  Division
• UNESCAP

25
Before you begin

• Planning process
• Design and development process (including testing
  and debugging)
• Publishing process

26
Planning Process

• Purpose
• Goals and objectives
• Assessment
• Target audience and scope
• Requirements (resources and contents)
• Timeline
• Then, Development process, Publishing process

27
Planning and Managing a Web site

• Resource planning
• Human resources requirements
• Technical requirements
• Hardware/Equipment
• Software/Platform
• Internet/Security architecture

28
Planning and Managing a Web site

• Roles and functions
• Webmaster function
• Organizational support
• Users
• In-house data suppliers
• Etc.

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Planning and Managing a Web site

• Competency
• Management competence
• Technical competence
• Web design competence
• Web development competence
• Database competence
• Language competence
• Etc.

30
Planning and Managing a Web site

• The Webmaster functions
• Web site planning and development
• Day-to-day management and monitoring
• Evaluate new trends and technology
• Ensure that standards are followed
• Devise in-house training
• Keeping-up the quality
• Promote cooperation and coordination
• Ensure that policy directives are followed

31
Planning and Managing a Web site

• Organizational support
• Management and policy support
• Technical support (IT)
• Coordination support
• Resource support

32
Development Process

• Six major stages
• Site definition and planning
• Information architecture
• Site design
• Site construction
• Site marketing
• Tracking, evaluation, and maintenance

33
Development Process

• Required
• Resources (financial, human, etc.)
• Contents (web pages, images, etc.)
• Design (structure, navigation, etc.)
• Hosting (shared, dedicated, etc.)
• Domain (TLD - .com, .net, .org, etc.)

34
Testing and Debugging the Site

• Users has different
• Hardware (PC, Mac, etc.)
• Software (Windows, Linux, MacOS)
• Connections speed
• Languages
• Etc.

35
Publishing and Maintenance

• Sustaining quality - Management
• Monitoring for functionality
• Check for misuse and pages not following
  standards
• Look out and evaluate new methods and techniques
• Apply security patches immediately
• Good training programs
• Good user relationship

36
How Search Engine Work?

• Crawler-Based Search Engines
• Create their listings automatically
• Human-Powered Directories
• Depend on humans for its listings
• "Hybrid Search Engines" Or Mixed Results