Transforming UNEP projects into projects addressing adaptation: Overview of key elements

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Transforming UNEP projects into projects
addressing adaptation Overview of key elements

• Liza Leclerc

Workshop on Integrating Adaptation to Climate
Change into UNEP Programming Nairobi, Kenya8-9
April 2008
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Outline of Presentation

• Introduction
• Potential approaches for integrating climate
  risks into project design
• Example Adaptation Project
• Elements to project planning

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Acknowledgements

• slides from Susan Solomon, co-chair of WG I

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Link to Sourcebook

• Part 5 Climate Change Adaptation - What does it
  mean to adapt, and what are the key premises
  regarding the need to build adaptive capacity in
  UNEP projects?
• Part 6 Climate Change Risks - What are the
  major types of climate risks faced in the UNEPs
  portfolio?

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Introduction
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Adaptation to climate change and the role of
GEF/LDCF/SCCF adaptation projects (Adapted from
Adaptation Policy Framework (Lim et al., 2004,
Technical Paper 5, Figure 5-2)
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Why climate risks matter mountain ecosystems
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Entry Points for addressing these risks
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Entry Points for integrating climate risks into
project planning

• Design Phase gap analysis, anticipatory
  analysis, risk analysis, spatial planning
• Implementation Phase technologies, policies
  preventative measures, win-win measures
• Monitoring Phase indicators (resilience, coping
  capacity, etc.)

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Scales of Assessment and Design

• Climate change requires adjustments in
  time-frame, location and technology
• Climate change risks may cause you to re-design
  the What? Where? Why? How Who?

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Key questions multiple scales/approaches
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Steps in Adaptation Planning
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Overview of Adaptation Policy Framework
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Steps for incorporating climate risks into
projects planning
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Checklist
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Example Adaptation to Climate Change into
Sustainable Development Planning in Southern and
Eastern AfricaKENYA Pilot Country
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Approach

• Piloting mainstreaming methodology Field
  component, policy component, up-scaling (into
  policy) component

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Climate Impacts Adaptive Capacity

• General aridification
• shorter growing seasons
• Unpredictable, intense precipitation events

• Genetic monopoly (maize)
• Little infrastructure (water retention, roads)
• Persistent and recurring droughts do not allow
  for savings

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Risk Spreading Approach

• Economic diversification away from vulnerably
  sector
• Increased genetic diversity
• Increase flexibility to respond to changes as
  they occur
• Dynamic vs. Static management

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Policy Upscaling

• POLICY CONTEXT FOR THE KENYAN PILOT PROJECT.
• Sessional paper No 6 of 1999 on Environment and
  Development implemented through the National
  Environment Management Authority (NEMA) for
  unified guidelines towards achieving sustainable
  development
• Sessional paper on sustainable development of
  Arid and Semi- arid lands (ASAL)- Finalized in
  July 2005, an intiative of ALRMP.
• The National Disaster Management Policy.
• Full implementation of these policies
  require pilot studies to prove their usefulness.
  The project will test the principles outlined in
  the policies and suggest ways of improvement..
  Pilot is estimating cost and benefits of risk
  spreading measures and downscaling

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Information Needs
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Types of information needed

• Current climate variability context (observed
  changes)
• Projected changes in local climate regimes
  (temperature, precipitation)
• Projected physical impacts in the project zone
• Relationships between physical impacts and
  vulnerability
• Root causes of vulnerability and identification
  of vulnerable groups
• Current baseline coping capacities

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Indicators for Adaptation

• Proxies
• 2 sets static and dynamic
• Physical increased soil retention, reduced
  micro-climate, reduced losses from extreme events
• Process Indicators more timely delivery of
  forecasts, quicker response time to forecats

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Working group exercise

• Scoping exercise yesterday identified top threats
  related to climate change
• Two small groups focusing on identifying
  solutions to these today
• Outputs are specific new tasks/activities that
  would be included in each project design