LEV VYGOTSKY

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LEV VYGOTSKY
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LANGUAGE
For Vygotsky learning language facilitates
development. It allows children to receive ideas,
culture, and thinking from those around them.
Vygotsky believed that learning language could
enhance thinking. Thinking reflects
language. Piaget believed that language reflects
thinking.
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ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
The level of achievement that includes tasks
that the child cannot accomplish alone but can
achieve when assisted by a competent adult (or
peer)
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ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Tasks below the zone the child can already
accomplish with no help. Thus giving the child
this kind of task involves no new
learning. Tasks above the zone cannot be
accomplished even with help. Thus, giving the
child this kind of task causes frustration and
failure and results in no meaningful learning.
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THEREFORE
The job of the teacher is.
to provide activities within each childs Zone of
Proximal Development.
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SCAFFOLDING
Students receive help that enables them to
complete tasks that they cannot complete
independently
Scaffolding is provided by knowledgeable others.
This may be the teacher or other students in the
classroom. Thus, Vygotsky would be a proponent of
cooperative learning.
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TYPES OF SCAFFOLDING(EXAMPLES)
Modeling Thinking aloud Asking
Questions Cueing (mnemonic devices)
Sound Familiar?!
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1. What is the relationship between learning and
development? 2. What motivates people? 3. How
important is behavior? 4. How important is
thinking? 5. Are people active or passive? 6.
How important are emotions? 7. How do people
change?
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According to Vygotsky what Should Educators Be
Trying to Achieve?

• What educational goals are most
  consistent with this theory?
• Goals within the ZPD
• What educational methodologies are most
  consistent with this theory?
• Techniques for Scaffolding
• According to this theory, what is the purpose of
  schools and education?

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How Is Achievement and/or the Lack of Achievement
Explained?

• How does the theory define achievement?!!!
• What are the factors that contribute to
  achievement?
• What are the factors that contribute to lack of
  achievement (i.e., to causing a child to be
  labeled)?