Grande Ronde Basin Endemic Spring Chinook Conventional Supplementation Projects

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Grande Ronde Basin Endemic Spring Chinook
Conventional Supplementation Projects

• Cooperators ODFW, NPT, CTUIR, BPA, USFWS, NMFS

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Grande Ronde Basin Endemic Spring Chinook
Conventional Supplementation Proposals

• 199800702-Lostine River OM and ME (NPT)
• 199800703-Grande Ronde (Catherine and upper
  Grande Ronde) OM and ME (CTUIR)
• 199800704-Northeast Oregon Hatcheries
  (NEOH-Lookingglass) Implementation (ODFW)

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Lookingglass Hatchery ODFW/LSRCP 199800704
Lostine Facilities NPT
199800702
Upper Grande Ronde Facilities (CTUIR) 199800703
Catherine Creek Facilities 199800703
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Catherine Creek Adult collection CTUIR (199800703)
U. Grande Ronde Adult collection CTUIR (199800703)
Lostine River Adult collection NPT (199800702)
Lookingglass Hatchery Adult holding, Spawning,
Fish Health (199800704)
Irrigon Hatchery Incubation, Early
Rearing LSRCP(200109, 200110, 200111)
Oxbow Hatchery Incubation, Early Rearing LSRCP
(200109, 200110, 200111)
Lookingglass Hatchery Final Rearing, Fish
Health LSRCP(200109, 200110, 200111)
Lostine River Acclimation NPT (199800702)
U. Grande Ronde Acclimation CTUIR (199800703)
Catherine Creek Acclimation CTUIR (199800703)
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199800702 Objectives-Grande Ronde
Supplementation Lostine River OM and ME (NPT)

• 1. Coordinate and develop GRESCSP.
• 2. Operate and maintain Lostine River weir/trap
  facility.
• 3. Operate and maintain Lostine River juvenile
  acclimation facility.
• 4. ME juvenile hatchery production and
  performance conditions in the Lostine River.
• 5. Collect baseline information on environmental
  conditions in the Lostine River.

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199800702-Lostine River Objectives OM and ME
(Cont.)

• 6. Collect and analyze information on abundance,
  genetic and life history characteristics of the
  Lostine River wild spring chinook salmon
  population and compare with that of the returning
  hatchery fish.
• 7. Monitor and evaluate the operation of adult
  collection for adverse impacts to resident and/or
  anadromous fish populations in the Lostine River.
  
• 8. Technology Transfer.

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199800703 Objectives-Facility OM and Program ME
Grande Ronde Spring Chinook Salmon and Summer
Steelhead (CTUIR)

• 1. Increase population of spring chinook salmon
  in Catherine Creek and the upper Grande Ronde
  River using conventional and captive broodstock
  supplementation.
• 2. Develop short-range and long-range plans for
  program components.
• 3. Document accomplishments and needs to federal
  permitting agencies, comanagers, funding
  agencies, and scientific community.

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199800703 Objectives-Facility OM and Program ME
(Cont.)

• 4. Monitor population status for adult spring
  chinook, summer steelhead, and incidentally-caught
  bull trout in the upper Grande Ronde River and
  Catherine Creek.
• 5. Monitor the success of facility operations
  and fish culture techniques for increasing
  populations and maintaining genetic diversity of
  spring chinook and summer steelhead in Catherine
  Creek and upper Grande Ronde River.

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199800704 Objectives-Northeast Oregon Hatcheries
Implementation (ODFW)

• 1. Assist LSRCP artificial propagation program
  with implementation of the endemic broodstocks to
  reduce the decline and contribute to recovery
  Grande Ronde basin spring chinook by coordinating
  with comanagers.
• 2. Short-term, produce 360K endemic
  (conventional) smolt spring chinook, 120K each
  for Catherine Creek, upper Grande Ronde, and
  Lostine River.

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199800704 Objectives-Northeast Oregon Hatcheries
Implementation (Cont.)

• Long-term, produce 900K endemic (conventional)
  smolt spring chinook for Catherine Creek, upper
  Grande Ronde, Lostine River, and Lookingglass
  Creek.
• 3. Assist LSRCP Fish Health Pathologist to
  monitor fish health at all life stages.
• 4. Assist ongoing LSRCP ME to evaluate the
  success of the Programs.

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Background or History

• How did we get here?

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Original LSRCP Mitigation Goals

• Return 5,820 spring chinook adults above Lower
  Granite Dam destined for the Grande Ronde
  Subbasin (LSRCP)
• Protect natural production areas on the Minam and
  Wenaha drainages

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Documentation of Decline

• In 1992, naturally produced Grande Ronde spring
  chinook salmon listed endangered by the National
  Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under ESA.
• Escapement levels declined throughout the Grande
  Ronde Subbasin, reaching all time lows in mid and
  late 1990s.
• No documented spawning escapement in Upper Grande
  Ronde River in 1999.

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Transition from Mitigation to Restoration-Locally
Adapted Broodstock

• NMFS draft Recovery Plan
• Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife program
• Tribal Recovery Plan
• Columbia River Fisheries Management Plan
• U.S. v. Oregon Production Advisory Committee
• Independent Scientific Review Panel
• Oregon Plan

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Endemic Broodstocks

• Catherine Creek
• Lostine River
• Upper Grande Ronde

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Modified Goals

• Prevent extinction in three populations
  (Catherine Creek, Upper Grande Ronde, and
  Lostine)
• Ensure threshold escapement level (150 adults) in
  three populations
• Protect natural production areas on the Minam and
  Wenaha drainages
• Determine the role of artificial propagation

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ESA Section 10 Permits

• Grande Ronde Supplementation Program The
  Lostine River Component. Endangered Species
  permit number 1149
• Captive and Conventional GR Chinook Hatchery
  Programs (modification 2). Endangered Species
  permit 1011

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Artificial Production Grande Ronde Subbasin

• Catherine Creek-250,000 smolts
• Lostine River-250,000 smolts
• Upper Grande Ronde-250,000 smolts
• Lookingglass Creek-150,000 smolts (LSRCP)

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Rationale to Regional Programs

• 2000 Biological Opinion and Subbasin Summary

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2000 FCRPS Biological Opinion Reasonable and
Prudent Alternatives (RPAs)

• Hatchery RPA 169
• Hatchery RPA 174
• Hatchery RPA 176

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Hatchery RPAs 169 and 176

• In lieu of ESA Section 10s, develop HGMP (USFWS
  proposal) with USFWS, NMFS, state and tribal
  co-mangers (2003)
• Operate under Section 10 permit 1149
• Operate under Section 10 permit 1011

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Hatchery RPA 174 (Marking)

• Adipose fin clips
• Coded wire tags (CWT)
• Visual implanted elastomer (VIE)
• Passive integrated transponder (PIT)

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2000 FCRPS Biological Opinion Reasonable and
Prudent Alternatives (RME RPAs)

• RME RPA 184
• RME RPA 185
• RME RPA 193

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RME RPA 184

• Enumerate hatchery escapement (Captive and
  conventional components)
• Determine reproductive success of naturally
  spawning hatchery fish
• Monitor and compare life history characteristics
  (199202604)

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RME RPA 185

• PIT tagging hatchery and wild fish
• Monitor and tag (wild fish) from rotary screw
  traps
• Monitor interrogation rates of smolts at Mainstem
  dams

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RME RPA 193

• External mark on all spring chinook smolts (Ad
  fin clip or VIE).
• Identify hatchery and naturally produced adults
  returning to collection facilities

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Grande Ronde Subbasin Summary ODFW Objectives

• 1. Achieve a sufficient spawner numbers, that
  will allow de-listing.
• 2. Reduce demographic risks.
• 3. Maintain artificial production programs using
  locally adapted broodstocks.
• 4. Establish annual supply of broodstock for
  production goals.

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Grande Ronde Subbasin Summary NPT Objectives

• 1. Restore and recover historically present fish
  species.
• 2. Provide for harvestable, self-sustaining
  populationsin their native habitat.
• 3. Manage for long-term persistence.
• 11. Meet federal mitigation responsibilities.
• 12. Provide for Tribal hatchery production needs
  in federal and state managed facilities.
• 14. Coordinate with NMFS and USFW to fund and
  implement actions.

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Grande Ronde Subbasin Summary CTUIR Objective

• 1. Achieve and maintain an average run of 16,400
  spring chinook to the Grande Ronde River mouth
  for purposes of natural production, fisheries,
  and broodstock.

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Methods of Supplementation

• Artificial Propagation

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Artificial PropagationTwo Approaches

• Endemic Captive Brood
• 199801001
• 199801006
• Conventional Brood

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Endemic Captive Brood

• Advantage Reduce near term risk of extinction
• Advantage Preserve genetic resources
• Disadvantage Captive broodstock smolt releases
  could result in replacement of wild population
• Disadvantage Quick domestication process

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Conventional Brood

• Advantage Reduce near term risk of extinction
• Advantage Preserve genetic resource
• Advantage Locally adapted broodstock
• Advantage High progeny-to-parent ratio
  (hatchery survival benefit)
• Disadvantage Low escapement to start program
• Disadvantage Conventional hatchery smolts could
  result in replacement of wild population

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Fish Production Objectives Grande Ronde Subbasin
through 2004

• Catherine Creek, Lostine River, and Upper Grande
  Ronde
• 120,000 captive brood smolts
• 120,000 conventional smolts

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Management of the Hatchery Tool for
Supplementation

• Adult Sliding Scale
• Juvenile Sliding Scale

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Diversified Approach to Evaluate Supplementation

• 1. Upper Grande Ronde Aggressive
• 2. Lostine River Intermediate
• 3. Catherine Creek Conservative

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Adult Sliding Scale Broodstock Management

• No captive releases retained for broodstock
• Max. 5 strays above weir
• Determined by three levels of escapement (lt 250,
  251-500, gt501)
• Percent hatchery adults retained
• Percent Hatchery Adults above the weir
• Percent retained Natural Origin

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Juvenile Sliding ScaleSmolt Production
Management

• Max. 250,000 (150k Captive 100k Conventional)
• Conventional production higher priority over
  captive (up to 250,000 smolts)
• Reduction in juvenile releases with increasing
  natural production

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Conservative Supplementation Approach (ODFW)

• Catherine Creek
• Adult sliding scale
• Juvenile sliding scale

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Intermediate Supplementation Approach (NPT)

• Lostine River
• Adult sliding scale
• Modified juvenile sliding scale

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Aggressive Supplementation Approach (CTUIR)

• Upper Grande Ronde
• No Adult sliding scale
• No juvenile sliding scale

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Results

• Adult collections and Acclimation

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Lostine River Adult Collections

• 12,000 smolts released in 1999
• Estimate of 32,000 smolt release in 2002
• Estimate over 75,000 smolt release in 2003

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Catherine Creek River Adult Collections

• 01 numbers include 28 jacks for captive brood
  releases
• Estimate over 25,000 smolt release in 2003

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Upper Grande Ronde River Adult Collections

• Estimate 25,000 smolt release in 2003

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Lostine River Spring Chinook Acclimation

• In 2002, expect to release 78K captive brood (F1)
  and 30k conventional smolt
• In 2003, expect to release 120K captive brood
  (F1) and 75k conventional smolt

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Catherine Creek River Spring Chinook Acclimation

• In 2002, expect to release 180K captive brood
  (F1) smolts,
• In 2003, expect to release 120K captive brood
  (F1) and 25k conventional smolt

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Upper Grande Ronde River Spring Chinook
acclimation

• In 2002, expect to release 180K captive brood
  (F1) smolts,
• In 2003, expect to release 220K captive brood
  (F1) and 20k conventional smolt

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Limiting Factors

• Hydro power dams on the Lower Snake River
• Mainstem passage
• Instream flows
• Habitat degradation
• Ocean Conditions
• Facility constraints

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Summary Statement

• Restore Grande Ronde Basin spring chinook to
  population sizes supporting ESA de-listing.