WARTIME DIPOLMACY

1
WARTIME DIPOLMACY

• AND THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION SEPT 1862

2
LINCOLNS PRIMARY GOAL

• AT THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR
• TO SAVE THE UNION WAS HIS SINGLE

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DIPLOMATIC PROBLEM

• SOUTH NEEDS FOREIGN RECOGNITION
• FOREIGN ASSISTANCE TO WIN THE WAR

4
LINCOLNS DIPLOMATIC GOAL

• PREVENT FOREIGN RECOGNITION OF CONFEDERACY
• STOP FOREIGN ASSISTANCE TO THE SOUTH
• SOUTH BELIEVES KING COTTON WILL FORCE BRITISH
  AID

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THE TRENT AFFAIR

• 1861 NAVY STOPS BRITISH SHIP THE TRENT
• TAKE TWO SOUTHERN DIPLOMATS
• JAMES MASON JOHN SLIDELL
• BRITISH DEMAND RELEASE
• LINCOLN COMPLIES, FEARS BRITISH INTERVENTION IN
  THE WAR.

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BRITISH SELL SHIPS TO CONFEDERATES

• TWO CRUISERS
• THE FLORIDA
• THE ALABAMA
• AGREED TO BUILD LAIRD RAMS
• WOULD BREAK UNION BLOCKADE OF SOUTH

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LINCOLN NEEDS TO PREVENT DELIVERY

• BRITISH UPPER CLASS SUPPORT THE SOUTH
• BRITISH COMMONERS HATE SLAVERY
• MAKING THE WAR ABOUT EMANCIPATION COULD HELP
  DIPLOMATIC PROBLEM

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COMPENSATED EMANCIPATION

• EARLY IF LINCOLN SPOKE OF EMAMCIPATION
• HE ALWAYS SPOKE OF COMPENSATION AND COLONIZATION

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CONGRESS ACTS THE CONFISCATION ACT OF 1862

• ANYONE COMMITTING TREASON HIS SLAVES WERE FREE.
• CONGRESS PASSED ACT LINCOLN ALMOST VETOED IT.
• WILLIAM THE BEAST BUTLER IN NEW ORLEANS

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THE MILITIA ACT 1862

• FREE SLAVES OF ANYONE RENDERING MILITARY SERVICE
  TO THE SOUTH
• GENERAL DAVID HUNTER BEGINS TO FREE SLAVES.
• LINCOLN ORDERS HIM TO STOP.

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WHY DID LINCOLN RESIST EMANCIPATION?

• I CANT ENFORCE THE CONSTITUTION LET ALONE FREE
  SLAVES.
• HALF MY GENERALS WOULD QUIT.

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HORACE GREELEYS PRAYERS OF 20 MILLIONAUGUST
1862

• EDITOR OF NEW YORK TRIBUNE
• ASKS WHY DELAY?
• BROADEN THE WAR AIMS
• MAKE IT A HOLY WAR AGAINST SLAVERY.

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LINCOLN RESPONDS CALMLY

• WHAT I DO ABOUT SLAVERY I DO BECAUSE IT WILL
  SAVE THE UNION
• WE NOW KNOW HE WAS ALREADY PLANNING THE
  EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.

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WHY DID LINCOLN CHANGE POLICY?

• BORDER STATES WERE SECURED.
• GENERALS HE MIGHT LOSE WERENT ANY GOOD.
• EMANCIPATION HAD DIPLOMATIC ADVANTAGES

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CABINET SUGGESTS WAIT UNTIL A UNION VICTORY

• DONT WANT TO LOOK DESPERATE.
• ANTIETAM SEPT 17TH, 1862 IS DECLARED A UNION
  VICTORY
• UNION LOSES 11,650 MEN IN A SINGLE DAY. BUT LEE
  RETREATS.

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THE PRELIMINARY EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION. SEPT
1862

• FREES SLAVES IN AREAS STILL IN REBELLION AS OF
  JANUARY 1, 1863
• IT ACTUALLY FREED NO SLAVES.IT ONLY APPLIED TO
  AREAS OUT OF UNION CONTROL.

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BRITISH DO NOT RECOGNIZE THE CONFEDERACY

• BRITISH PEOPLE SUPPORT UNION BECAUSE OF
  EMANCIPATION
• BRITISH REFUSE TO DELIVER LAIRD RAMS.
• BRITISH RESPECT UNION BLACKADE
• COTTON IS NOT KING, NORTHERN WHEAT IS MORE
  IMPORTANT