Compressed Gas

1
Compressed Gas Cylinders
Immediately following this training you will be
given a ten question informational quiz.
2
Why These Guidelines Are Vital To Your Safety
A compressed gas cylinder is like a sleeping
giant. It is heavy, smooth, and hard to grip
securely. It can be up to 57 inches tall, may
weight up to 155 lbs full and be pressurized up
to 2,200 psi.
54
48
The effects of unintentional release of energy by
a compressed gas cylinder can have devastating
results. Over 150 pounds of steel, traveling at
high speed, can cause severe damage, personal
injury and even death.
42
36
30
24
18
12
3
Hazards of Compressed Gas Cylinders
Compressed gas cylinders present both mechanical
and chemical hazards in the work place.
Chemical Hazards
Physical Hazards
Tip over
Asphyxiation Explosion
Poisoning Uncontrolled projectile
Anesthetic effects Tissue Damage
4
Why These Guidelines Are Vital To Your Safety
Injuries you can avoid
The injuries that can occur are as varied as the
situations causing them. Some of these injuries
include
Severe cuts, bruises, and burns Broken bones and
loss of limbs Spinal cord injuries Asphyxiation
Poisoning Death
5
Components of a Compressed Gas Cylinder
1. Cylinder Cap 2. Valve Handwheel 3. Valve
Outlet Connection 4. Valve Pack Nut 5. Pressure
relief valve 6. Valve Outlet Cap 7. Cylinder
Collar 8. DOT/Cylinder type PSI rating 9.
Cylinder serial number 10. Initial hydrostatic
test date 11. First 5 year hydrostatic retest 12.
? qualifies for 10 year retest 13. Original
inspectors insignia
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
DOT 3AA 2265 53594 6-91 6-96?
?
?
12
11
13
6
Safe Practices for Handling Use
7
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Some gases have very specific procedures for safe
use. Before handling any compressed gas cylinder,
locate the Material Safety Data Sheet, or MSDS,
for the gas you are using. This document contains
vital information for handling each gas.
8
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Identify the Compressed Gas

• Do not rely on cylinder color
• The cylinder should be clearly stenciled or
  stamped
• The identification label should be permanently
  attached to the cylinder

If in doubt do not use the cylinder! Contact Risk
Management Safety 422-4468
9
Safe Practices for Handling Use
If a valve is improperly removed, the compressed
gas inside the cylinder can be released
unexpectedly. If the cylinder falls and the
valve is damaged the cylinder can become an
uncontrolled projectile. To avoid this hazard,
secure the cylinder at all times with an
appropriate two-point restraint device/system.
10
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Chains are the best recommendation. Straps and
table clamps often fail due to improper use and
set-up. Clamps are generally not kept tight and
placed on articles that are not secure (movable
desks tables, etc.). Straps are often buckled
incorrectly thus providing no restraint. Fasten
restraints on the upper half of the cylinder,
above the center of gravity (e.g., just below the
top), and at the bottom 8-12 inches from the
ground.
11
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Cylinder Valves
12
Safe Practices for Handling Use
There are a number of different types of cylinder
valves affixed to cylinders. Standard
cylinder-valve outlet connections developed by
the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) are
configured differently for each family of gases
to minimize the potential of mixing incompatible
gases. CGA connections typically utilize a
three-digit coded number. This code generally
includes
Outside diameter of valve threads Threads
per inch and thread size Left-hand thread or
right-hand threads External or internal
threads
Left-handed (notched fitting)
Right-handed
13
Safe Practices for Handling Use
14
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Pressure Regulators
Two-Stage
Low Pressure
Single-Stage
High Pressure
15
Components of a Pressure Regulator
Two-Stage Gas Pressure Regulator
Cylinder Pressure Gauge
Delivery Pressure Gauge
Cylinder Connection
Flow Control Valve
Delivery Pressure Adjustment Knob
16
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Regulator Operation
? Attach the regulator to the cylinder valve
outlet. ? Turn the delivery pressure adjustment
knob counterclockwise until it turns freely. ?
Ensure the flow control valve is in the closed
position. ? Slowly open the cylinder valve
until the regulator registers the cylinder
pressure. ? Turn the delivery pressure
adjustment knob clockwise until the desired
delivery pressure is reached.
!
Be certain that the tubing used to convey the gas
from the regulator to its end use is compatible
with the gas. Example Copper tubing
acetylene copper acetylide (explosive)
17
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Gas Cylinder Operation
18
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Opening cylinders
? Place the cylinder in an upright position so
the valve is always within reach. ? Check fume
hood or ventilation. ? Warn co-workers that you
are about to open the valve and position the
cylinder with the valve pointing away from
you. ? Be sure fittings are clean, dry, and free
of oil or grease. ? Be sure the threads on the
regulator correspond with those on the cylinder
valve outlet. ? Use regulators and pressure
gauges only with gases for which they are
designed. ? Open the valve slowly and close the
valve immediately when finished.
19
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Closing cylinders
? Close the cylinder valve completely. ? Bleed
the lines if possible. ? Tighten the flow
control valve on the regulator or remove it if
the cylinder is empty. ? Replace the safety cap.
20
Safe Practices for Handling Use
Liquefied Gas Cylinder Operation
A liquefied compressed gas can be defined as a
gas, which when compressed in a container,
becomes a liquid at ordinary temperatures and at
pressures ranging from 25 to 2500 psig. Liquefied
gases have boiling points that range from 130 to
30F (90 to 1C). At 70F (21.1ºC) the cylinder
contains both liquid and gas. Cylinder pressure,
or the vapor pressure of the gas, is directly
affected by ambient temperatures.
Gas
Liquid
21
Inspecting Testing Compressed Gas Cylinders
Regularly inspect cylinders. Take a few extra
minutes to inspect the compressed gas cylinder.
It could save you and your co-workers serious
injury.
Ask these questions Does the cylinder have
signs of defects? Does it show signs of deep
rusting? Does it contain the correct gas in the
designated usage area?
Return any cylinders with problems (e.g., cap
rusted shut, etc.) to the supplier
22
Inspecting Testing Compressed Gas Cylinders
You should also inspect the cylinders hydrostatic
test dates. Most cylinders in use should be
retested every 5 years unless marked with a ?
which indicates the cylinder qualifies for a 10
year retest interval.
Date of manufacture and original hydrostatic test
date
DOT 3AA 2265 53594 6-91 6-96?
? Indicates cylinder qualifies for 10 year
hydrostatic retest interval
Date of first 5 year hydrostatic retest
23
Inspecting Testing Compressed Gas Cylinders
For cylinders containing flammable or combustible
gases, use an approved flammable gas detector.
Test systems that carry toxic or corrosive gases
with inert gas before operating. After you
complete the tests, place a tag on the regulator
with your name and test date.
24
Safely Store Compressed Gas Cylinders
Store cylinders in the right environment. Storage
space and floor should be
well ventilated free of flame, sparks, or
electrical circuit level, fireproof, and
dry below 125 degrees Fahrenheit out of the
suns direct rays if in an extreme climate
25
Safely Store Compressed Gas Cylinders

• Segregate cylinders by hazardous gases.
• Incompatible gases must be stored by hazard
• class in separate areas, even when the cylinder
• is empty. Separate the incompatible cylinders by
• a distance of at least 20 feet, or
• a five foot firewall with a fire rating of 1/2
  hour

26
Safely Transport Compressed Gas Cylinders
Many accidents occur while moving or transporting
cylinders. Handle cylinders gently. They may look
strong and solid, but if a cylinder is damaged
it can become an uncontrolled projectile damaging
anyone or anything in its path.
27
Safely Transport Compressed Gas Cylinders
Whether you move cylinders short or long
distances, follow these guidelines
? Remove the regulator. Never move a cylinder
with the regulator still in place. ? Replace the
valve protection cap. Never lift a cylinder by
the valve or protective cap. ? Secure the
cylinder to a suitable hand truck or cart in an
upright position. ? Take precautions so
cylinders will not fall or strike each other
or any other surface. Never roll, drag, or
slide the cylinder.
28
Best Safety Practices

• Always read the MSDS before working with a
  compressed gas.
• Positively identify the gas you are working
  with.
• Always go through the inspection checklist.
• Be sure the work area is well ventilated.
• Know the emergency procedures for the particular
  gas being used and the location of the emergency
  equipment.
• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

29
The End
For Questions regarding this presentation call
Risk Management Safety at 422-4468

• To document and receive credit for your training
  ask your supervisor for the Compressed Gas Safety
  quiz, complete the quiz, and turn it back into
  your supervisor.
• Departments can contact Risk Management and
  Safety for a copy of the test, and the
  corresponding answer key.