Related Issue 2

1
Related Issue 2

• To What Extent Should National Interest be
  pursued?
• This is the second of the four overarching
  related issue questions that will help us
  understand the Key Issue of this course (remember
  - To What Extent Should We Embrace Nationalism?)
• This related issue question will cover chapters
  5-8.

2
Chapter 5 National Interest and Foreign Policy

• Chapter Issue - To what extent do national
  interest and foreign policy shape each other?
• How are nationalism and national interest
  related?
• How has national interest shaped foreign policy?
• How has foreign policy shaped national interest?

3
How are nationalism and national interest related?

• How do we decide on the choices that we are going
  to make?
• Normally we, formally or informally, do a good
  vs. bad (pros vs. cons) comparison. This can
  take into account personal preference, future
  impacts, laws, etc.
• Nations do the same except instead of personal
  choices it has to be national choices or national
  interests.

4
Contd

• How do we decide what our national interests are
  though?
• Well, we have to look at the collective
  conscience of what to do as a nation.
• In other words, what make us Canadians shapes our
  decisions a nation.
• In other words, Nationalism!
• Same rules apply though ? what do we like, what
  is best for our future, what do the laws say?

5
Aspects of National Interest

• These questions can be answered by looking at 3
  things
• Economic Prosperity stable employment, low
  unemployment rate, good standard of living, good
  labor laws, positive trade agreements with other
  nations are all things to look at here!

6
Contd

• Security and Safety looking after the safety of
  the people by ensuring we have laws and police
  force to enforce these laws. Also, we want to
  peacefully resolve issues with other nations and
  control who enters the country.
• Beliefs and Values Protecting different world
  views, ways of life, traditions, and languages of
  the citizens.

7
Changing Views of National interest

• Our world can, and often does, change very
  rapidly!
• Events within a country can change opinions about
  what is important for citizens (obviously
  different countries may have different national
  interests because of what is important to their
  people) but, because of globalism, so can events
  all around the world.
• These events can be due to catastrophes like
  Hurricane Katrina or they can be due to human
  conflict like 9/11 and the resulting conflict
  that ensued.

8
National interests and sovereignty

• Often, national interests are shaped by
  territorial rights and sovereignty claims.
• An important example for Canadians is the Arctic.
  As climate change occurs, the Northwest Passage
  may open year round meaning much shorter routes
  between Europe and Asia. Also, any resources
  located here belong to who (pg. 119)
• Canadas rights to this area are being challenged
  by four other nations Us, Denmark, Norway, and
  Russia

9
How has national interest shaped foreign policy?

• Many countries prior to WWI had a foreign policy
  called imperialism (3ps and 2ms)
• Pride Prestige my empire is bigger than yours
• Protect investments get this land so that
  others cant get it and cut me off
• Materials Markets More colonies meant more
  
• They also had alliance systems to help protect
  each other.

10
Contd

• Something else to think about with imperialism is
  that the colonies may have, and usually did,
  resent being taken over by another country.
  This lead to an increase in national identity and
  a desire for sovereignty.
• These things (sovereignty and territory,
  nationalism and national identity, economics, and
  security) still help shape foreign policy today
  but leading to WWI everything was exaggerated.

11
Page 124 125

• Read the making a difference description of
  Woodrow Wilson on page 124 and Do the exploration
  questions as a class.
• Also need three readers for the points of view on
  page 125 and then discuss the exploration
  questions.

12
The Middle East

• Arabic nationalism had been growing leading up to
  WWI and the Arabs hoped to further their cause
  by helping The British and French.
• After the war, the British and the French failed
  to keep their promises to their Arab allies about
  giving independence and self-government. This
  has obviously lead to a lot of turmoil.

13
Contd

• Watch video clip in pedersen common folder to
  show changes in middle east from the end of WWI
  to present.
• Read the figure 5-12 excerpt about Lawrence of
  Arabia and answer the questions it poses.

14
Balfour Declaration

• This treaty further outraged Arab nationalists
  when rather than giving independence, the British
  decided to declare a national home for Jewish
  people in Palestine. This has lead to an
  ongoing dispute which has resulted in devastating
  losses for all involved.

15
Georeality

• Read pages 128 129 and do the exploration
  questions individually.

16
How can Foreign Policy Shaped National Interest?

• A countries foreign policy can have lasting
  effects on how it deals with people around the
  world and, in turn, how national interests are
  shaped to correspond/fit into the world.
• Ex Canada decided not to enter the War on Iraq
  with America in 2003 and this, in turn, has
  affected how we relate to other countries.
• Our relationships with other countries, in turn,
  help us figure out national interests and future
  foreign policy ? It is all connected.

17
Afghanistan

• The last slide said we didnt join America in the
  war on Iraq but that doesnt mean we did not
  contribute after 9/11.
• We sent troops to Afghanistan with America as a
  NATO response to an attack.
• Read page 132 to look at the Canadian
  contribution and the polls on how Canadians feel
  about this contribution ? do you agree?

18
National Interests for the Rights of Women

• Womens rights around the world vary tremendously
  and is something that the UN is striving to
  improve.
• In Afghanistan they now have a NATO- backed
  government that created a ministry of Womens
  affairs to work towards improving womens rights
  and including them in their new democratic
  process.
• These changes would not have happened without the
  foreign policies of the NATO member nations.

19
Taking Turns

• Three readers for page 133.
• Answer the your turn question in your daily log.

20
Chapter Review

• Answer the Think, Participate, Research and
  Communicate questions on page 134 135.