Unit 5 Planning Your Work

1
Unit 5 - Planning Your Work

• List the three basic steps in planning a
  project.
• Define Bill-of-Materials and perform
  calculations.
• Give the formula for finding board feet and
  perform calculations.
• Estimate project costs.

2
Planning Your Project

• Planning for the construction of a woodworking
  project is necessary in order to receive
  acceptable results and have a positive
  woodworking experience.
• Reduces Frustration
• Saves time
• Saves money
• Improves results
• Identifies equipment and process needed to
  complete the project.

• When planning a project you should find out
• what materials will be needed.
• what tools and equipment will be used.
• what steps you will follow.

3
Method of Procedure

• When planning your project
• 1st - Decide on the order of parts to be
  made.
• 2nd - List the steps needed to make each
  part.
• 3rd - Decide on what tools and equipment are
  needed for each step.

NOTE By purchasing well designed plans much of
this will be done for you. Otherwise it falls on
the responsibility of the student to plan the
procedure you will follow.
4
Bill-of-Materials

• A Bill-of-Materials is a complete description
  materials and hardware used in making the
  project. Including finished sizes and quantities
  of each piece.
• Included on a Bill-of-Materials is
• All wood and building materials.
• Any hardware
• knobs, hinges, etc
• Finishing material
• Any joinery materials
• Dowels Biscuits
• Screws Nails

A Bill-of-Materials is necessary in order to plan
a project as well as give a projected estimate of
its finished cost.
5
Determining Board Feet of Lumber

• Board Foot
• A piece of wood that is
• 1 x 12 x 12 or equivalent in size.
• Used as a standard for ordering lumber in
  quantities.

Example A board measuring 3/4 thick, 6 wide,
and 8 long would contains 3 board feet of lumber.
T x W x L (all in inches)
1 Board Foot
144
T (inches) x W (inches) x L (feet)
Board Feet
12
6
Design

• List three keys to good design.
• Identify the moods created by the use of various
  colors.
• Identify and give examples of the two kinds of
  balance.
• List the main steps in completing a simple
  project.

7
What is Design?

• Every manufactured object has been designed.
  Your home, the furniture in it, cars, and even
  lead pencils have been developed from a design on
  paper.
• A Design is the outline, shape or plan of
  something.
• 3 Elements of Design
• Function
• a projects design should help insure that it
  does what it is intended to do.
• Appearance
• Is it pleasing to the eye?
• Sound Construction
• The project should be built well using correct
  materials and techniques.

8
Project Types

• Woodworking projects can be classified into three
  types
• Trinkets or Gadgets
• made to satisfy your own interests, desires, or
  curiosities.
• Practical Objects
• Objects intended to serve a particular purpose
  and must meet certain standards if they are to be
  usable.
• Artistically Designed Objects
• Furniture and Accessories for the home. Works of
  Art.

One of the greatest mistakes made in the workshop
is building furniture with no design or style.
9
What makes up good design?

• Design - good or bad - depends on several
  qualities.
• LINE
• Straight lines suggest rigidity, precision, and
  strength. Curved lines represent lightness,
  gracefulness, and softness.
• SHAPE
• Different shapes leave different impressions of
  style. A rectangular project may feel more
  traditional while a circular shape may look
  contemporary.
• MASS
• Does the object convey solidity?
• TEXTURE
• Woods have textures of their own. Finishes are
  used to bring them out and protect them.
• VALUE
• The amount of lightness or darkness. If the
  contrast is great the feeling is stimulating and
  cheerful. If there is little value contrast the
  feeling is more dignified.
• COLOR
• Color generally is recognized as having an effect
  on mood.

10
What makes and attractive product?

• In designing a project, certain principles should
  be followed.
• BALANCE
• Balance means that the thing looks stable.
• PROPORTION
• Relation of one thing to another regarding size.
  A well proportioned project has a pleasing
  arrangement of parts. Rectangles tend to look
  better than squares. (5x8 Rule)
• HARMONY
• Do the parts, colors, shapes, and textures get
  along together?
• EMPHASIS
• Stress on a particular feature. Possibly the
  handles, doors, or wood pattern.

• Does a Project Look Good?
• Ask Yourself These Questions.
• Does the piece serve its intended purpose?
• Does it perform its job efficiently?
• Is it within your ability to construct and
  maintain?
• Is it pleasing to the eye?
• Does it satisfy you and the other people you want
  to satisfy?

11
Steps in designing a project.

• Get ideas for projects you would like to build.
• After choosing a projects ask, what is the
  purpose of the project?
• Decide on a style.
• Make a sketch.
• Make a working drawing.
• Make a model.
• Make a bill of materials.
• Plan the building of the project.
• Decide on what tools and machinery you will be
  using.
• Build the project.
• Evaluate your work.

12
To Design or not to Design, that is the question.

• Designing is tough work, there is no way around
  it. People go to college to study it and still
  have a difficult time.
• While it is possible for beginning woodworkers to
  design their own projects, they are probably
  better off to borrow from the experience of
  others by using plans from books or magazines.
  This allows them to concentrate their efforts on
  skill development.
• As your skills develop you may start by modifying
  existing plans as you continue to get better,
  then take the step to designing your own projects.

Students enrolled in woodworking at Melrose
-Mindoro High School must work from pre-designed
plans that have met with instructor approval!!!