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Weather and Climate

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Cold air gas molecules move closer together, so there is less space for water ... bearing clouds of all types; they are usually dark and thick with ragged edges. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Weather and Climate


1
Weather and Climate
2
What is weather?
  • The interactions of the air pressure,wind,
    temperature and moisture in the atmosphere.

3
Humidity
  • Moisture in the atmosphere. The moisture is
    held between gases in the atmosphere.

4
Humidity
  • Warm air gas molecules spread out far, so there
    is more space for water vapor.

5
Humidity
  • Cold air gas molecules move closer together, so
    there is less space for water vapor and the extra
    vapor is squeezed out.

6
Humidity
  • How does temperature affect humidity?

the warmer, the more humid.
7
Changes in Weather
8
Air Masses
  • A body of air that has the same properties as
    the area which is has developed.

9
Examples
  • 1. Formed over oceans - moist
  • 2. high latitudes - cool
  • 3. low latitudes - warm

10
Fronts
  • When two air masses meet they tend not to mix
    The area that separates the two is called a front.

11
Fronts
  • 1. Warm Front develops when a warm air mass
    meets a cold air mass. The warm air, because it
    is less dense, slides up over the cold air.

12
Fronts
  • 2. Cold Front forms when a cold air mass
    invades a warm air mass. The cold forces the
    warm air to rise rapidly. Cooler temperatures
    follow the passage of a cold front.

13
Fronts
  • Stationary Front forms when either a warm front
    or cold front stops moving forward. This type of
    front may remain in the same place for several
    days.

14
Fronts
  • Occluded Front- results when two cool air masses
    merge, forcing the warmer air between them to
    rise. High winds and heavy precipitation are
    associated with this front.

15
Clouds
  • Clouds form when water vapor condenses. Fog and
    mist are just low clouds.

16
Types of Clouds
  • Cumuluscauliflower shaped with flat bases. Can
    extend high in the sky. Associated with fair
    weather.

17
Types of Clouds
  • Cirrusthin, white , feathery cloudsForm high in
    the sky contain ice crystals because they are so
    high in the skyassociated with fair weather but
    may indicated approaching storms.

18
Types of Clouds
  • Nimbusrain-bearing clouds of all types they are
    usually dark and thick with ragged edges.
    Example Cumulonimbusrain-bearing clouds
    associated with thunderstorms, rainfall, and hail.

19
Types of Clouds
  • Stratusform relatively near the earths surface
    in flat layers associated with light drizzle.

20
How Precipitation is formed
  • Rainwhen the water droplets collide to form
    larger water droplets they fall to the surface as
    liquid precipitation.

21
How Precipitation is formed
  • Sleetwhen raindrops pass through air that has a
    temperature below freezing, the rain drops
    freeze.

22
How Precipitation is formed
  • Hailwhen wind tossed the freezing drops
    repeatedly through warm and cold layers of air,
    many layers of ice build up.

23
How Precipitation is formed
  • Snowflakeswhen the water vapor condenses into
    tiny ice crystals instead of water drops.
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