MidAtlantic Colonies

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Mid-Atlantic Colonies

• New York and Pennsylvania

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Native Culture in the Northeast

• Natives supplied furs to fur traders.
• Tribes were weakened by dissension and disease.
• Dutch and English exploited situationintensificat
  ion of warfare between natives.
• League of Iroquois (Five Nations) Mohawk,
  Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca.
• Patriarchal, but matrilineal society (whats
  that?).

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Iroquois League

• United by Hiawatha in early 1400s.
• Iroquois depleted their own hunting grounds in
  the 1640s.
• Beaver Wars between Iroquois and Huron
• Native adoption 2/3 of Iroquois were adoptees
  by 1660s.
• Loosely allied with they British.

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New Netherlands / New York

• New York started as Dutch colony of New
  Netherlands in 1624, posts established as early
  as 1614.
• Dutch West India Company.
• Chief city was the village of New Amsterdam.
• Served as a fur-trading post along the Hudson
  River.

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New Netherlands, cont.

• 1629, patroonshipstockholders received large
  estates if they peopled it with 50 adults within
  4 years
• By 1660s, colony had 9,000 residents.
• Dutch, Belgians, French, English, Portuguese,
  Swedes, Finns, and Africans (some free and some
  slaves).
• Dutch Reformed, Lutherans, Quakers, Catholics,
  Congregationalists, Jews.

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British seize New Netherlands

• 1664, King Charles II grants a proprietary
  charter to his brother James, Duke of York, for
  New Netherlands.
• James sent an invading fleet.
• Dutch gov. Peter Stuyvesant surrendered
  reluctantly.
• Colony and central city both renamed New York.

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New York

• Dutch resented English rule, but intermarried
  with Englishmuch of Dutch culture permanently
  imprinted in NY.
• Words (boss, cookie, snoop)
• Folklore (Santa Claus and Rip van Winkle)
• James allowed the colonists to vote on an
  assembly, but rejected the first act of the
  assemblyCharter of Liberties.
• By 1698, colony had 18,000 residents, NYC only a
  few thousand and still considered a village.

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Pennsylvania

• Founded by William Penn, a member of the Society
  of FriendsQuakers.
• Quakers not fared well in New World
• Quakers were odd by seventeenth century
  standards.
• Distinct beliefs

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Quaker Values

• Thrifty despite wealth.
• Pacifists.
• Egalitarian.
• Anti-slavery.
• Did not swear oaths.

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Pennsylvania, cont.

• Quakers, like Puritans, were wanted out of
  England.
• Penn granted a charter by the king in 1681.
• Pennsylvania known for religious toleration and
  fair dealings with the Indians.
• Diversity led to problems.
• Delaware carved out of PA in 1701/1776.