Basic Life Support

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Basic Life Support Automated External
Defibrillation Course
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• www.erc.eduwww.resus.org.uk
• Resuscitation (2005) 67 Supplement
• Resuscitation (2005) 67

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OBJECTIVES

• At the end of the winter term
• participants should be able to demonstrate
• How to assess the collapsed victim.
• How to perform chest compression and rescue
  breathing.
• How to place an unconscious breathing victim in
  the recovery position.

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BACKGROUND

• Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year in
  Europe
• Survival to hospital discharge presently
  approximately 5-10
• Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival
  of emergency services
• Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation
  (within 1-2 minutes) can result in gt60 survival

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Most frequent causes of cardiac arrest
Poruchy rytmu pri AIM
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Most common causes of cardiac arrest

• 1. place IHD...MI...,
• Trauma
• Asphyxia
• Poisoning
• Drowning
• Hypotermia...

Poruchy rytmu pri AIM
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CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation (CAB)

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Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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APPROACH SAFELY!

• Scene
• Rescuer
• Victim
• Bystanders

Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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CHECK RESPONSE

• Shake shoulders gently
• Ask Are you all right?
• If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.

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SHOUT FOR HELP
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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OPEN AIRWAY
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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AIRWAY OPENING BY NECK EXTENSION
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CHECK BREATHING
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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CHECK BREATHING

• Look, listen and feel for NORMAL breathing
• Do not confuse agonal breathing with NORMAL
  breathing

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AGONAL BREATHING

• Occurs shortly after the heart stops
• in up to 40 of cardiac arrests
• Described as barely, heavy, noisy or gasping
  breathing
• Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest

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Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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CHEST COMPRESSIONS

• Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the
  chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
• Rate 100 min-1
• Depth 4-5 cm
• Equal compression relaxation
• When possible change CPR operator every 2 min

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30 2
Handley A.J., Koster R., Monsieurs K., Perkins
G.D., Davies S., Bossaert L. European
Resuscitation Council Guidelines for
Resuscitation 2005. Section 2. Adult basic life
support and use of automated external
defibrillators Resuscitation (2005) 67S1, S7S23
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RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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RESCUE BREATHS

• Pinch the nose
• Take a normal breath
• Place lips over mouth
• Blow until the chest rises
• Take about 1 second
• Allow chest to fall
• Repeat

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CONTINUE CPR

• 30 2

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POTENTIALLY REVERSIBLE CAUSES (5 Hs 5 Ts)

• Hypoxia
• Hypovolemia
• Hypothermia
• Hyper/hypoKand metabolic disorders
• H ions (acidosis)

• Tension pneumothorax
• Tamponade
• Toxic/therap. disturbances
• Thrombosis coronary
• Thrombosis pulmonary

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Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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IF VICTIM STARTS TO BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN
RECOVERY POSITION
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(No Transcript)
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DEFIBRILLATION
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ANY QUESTIONS?
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Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 112
Attach AED
Follow voice prompts
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SWITCH ON AED

• Some AEDs will automatically switch themselves on
  when the lid is opened

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ATTACH PADS TO CASUALTYS BARE CHEST
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ANALYSING RHYTHM DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM
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SHOCK INDICATED

• Stand clear
• Deliver shock

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SHOCK DELIVEREDFOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS
30 2
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NO SHOCK ADVISEDFOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS
30 2
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IF VICTIM STARTS TO BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN
RECOVERY POSITION
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(No Transcript)
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CPR IN CHILDREN

• Adult CPR techniques can be used on children
• Compressions 1/3 of the depth of the chest

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AED IN CHILDREN

• Age gt 8 years
• use adult AED
• Age 1-8 years
• use paediatric pads / settings if available
  (otherwise use adult mode)
• Age lt 1 year
• use only if manufacturer instructions indicate it
  is safe

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ANY QUESTIONS?
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Approach safely
Approach safely
Check response
Check response
Shout for help
Shout for help
Open airway
Open airway
Check breathing
Check breathing
Call 112
Call 112
30 chest compressions
Attach AED
2 rescue breaths
Follow voice prompts