Title: CISCO
1CISCO
2Computer Networking
3The Internet
4The Internet Yesterday
5Basics of Computing
6Parts of a Computer
- CPU - Central Processing Unit
- Memory - ROM, RAM, etc.
- Interface - Modem, Video Card, Floppy, etc.
- All are connected by a bus which is plug in
slots.
7NIC
- Network Interface Card
- PCs use IDE or PCI
- Laptops use PCMCIA (credit card)
- TCP/IP - the computers address on the network
8Networks - a conglomeration of people or
things focused on a common goal
- LAN
- Local Area Network
- used within or between offices
- WAN
- Wide Area Network
- used between buildings or within a complex
9How is information stored in computers?
- By using the binary number system
- The only possible symbols or "bits", are 1 and 0.
- The bits represent text, pictures, and sounds
- A 1 bit is often represented by the presence of
voltage on a copper conducting cable or light in
an optical fiber -
10- Imagine measuring the voltage at one point on the
cable as time goes on (for a fiber, imagine
measuring the light intensity versus time). - Your measurements would allow you to create a
graph of voltage versus time (for a fiber, light
intensity versus time).
11The numbering system most frequently used is the
decimal numbering system.
A decimal numbering system is based on powers
of 10 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, etc. 100
1 101 10 X 1 or 10 102 10 X 10 or 100 103
10 X 10 X 10, or 1000 104 ?????????
12When counting in the decimal system when you
reach the number 9 you must add another digit.
Examples
Count 9, 10 Count 99, 100 Count 999, 1000
13Binary numbering system (Bit - binary digit)
How does a binary number system differ from a
decimal numbering system?
A binary numbering system is based on powers of
2 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, etc. 20 1 21 2 X 1 or
2 22 2 X 2 or 4 23 2 X 2 X 2, or 8 24
?????????
14Lets count in binary. Remember you can only use
0s and 1s.
0 1 10 11 100 101 110 111
15Lets take a break and complete a worksheet on
converting decimal to binary and vice versa.
Bonus What would an octet of all ones equal?
16American Standard Computer Information Interchange
17Bandwidth
- Water
- Hiway System
- Radio
- Audio
- Media
- Coaxial Cable
- Category 5 Cable (Cat 5)
- Fiber Optic
- Bandwidth determines throughput (because file are
transferred faster) - slow or fast
- 14.4K or 56K