ROCKS

1
ROCKS

• CHAPTER 6

2
WHAT IS A ROCK?

• __________________________________________________
  ___________
• ROCKS ARE FOUND IN THE EARTHS CRUST AND MANTLE
• TYPES OF ROCKS
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________

3
TYPES OF ROCKS

• IGNEOUS
• __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ____________

4
TYPES OF ROCKS

• SEDIMENTARY
• __________________________________________________
  ______________________
• SEDIMENTS COME FROM THE ROCK FRAGMENTS OR PLANT
  AND ANIMAL REMAINS THAT SETTLE OUT OF THE WATER
  ONTO THE FLOOR OF THE LAKE OR OCEAN

5
TYPES OF ROCKS

• METAMORPHIC
• __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  ____________________________

6
THE ROCK CYCLE
7
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• IGNEOUS ROCKS ARE CLASSIFIED BY
• __________________________________________________
  __________________
• MAGMA IS THE STARTING MATERIAL FOR ALL IGNEOUS
  ROCKS

8
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• MAGMA IS CLASSIFIED AS _____________ or
  ______________________
• ___________________ IS THICK AND SLOW MOVING
• CONTAINS LARGE AMOUNTS OF SILICA AND SMALL
  AMOUNTS OF CALCIUM, IRON, MAGNESIUM
• LIGHT COLORED, QUARTZ, ORTHOCLASE FELDSPAR ARE
  THE MINERALS THAT FORM

9
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• ____________________ IS HOTTER, THINNER AND MORE
  FLUID
• CONTAINS LARGE AMOUNTS OF IRON AND MAGNESIUM AND
  LOWER AMOUNTS OF SILICA
• DARK COLORED, HORNBLENDE, AUGITE, AND BIOTITE ARE
  THE MINERALS FOUND IN THESE ROCKS

10
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• MAGMA HARDENS SLOWLY OR QUICKLY
• RATE OF COOLING AND TEXTURE DEPENDS ON WHERE THE
  COOLING OCCURS
• INTRUSIVE MAGMA THAT HARDENS SLOWLY DEEP IN THE
  EARTHS CRUST (SOMETIMES TAKES THOUSANDS OF YEARS
  TO COOL)

11
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• INTRUSIVE ROCKS HAVE A COARSE TEXTURE
• COARSE TEXTURE LARGE WELL DEFINED CRYSTALS FORM
• THE LONGER THE MAGMA STAYS LIQUID THE LONGER THE
  ATOMS ARE FREE TO MOVE, THE LARGER THE CRYSTALS
  BECOME

12
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• EXTRUSIVE MAGMA POURS ONTO THE EARTHS SURFACE
  CALLED LAVA
• COOLS QUICKLY DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF THE LAVA
• TEXTURE IS FINE GRAINED OR GLASSY
• PORPHYRY LARGE CRYSTALS SURROUNDED BY FINE
  GRAINED MASS OF ROCK

13
IGNEOUS ROCKS
14
IGNEOUS ROCKS
15
IGNEOUS ROCKS
16
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• _________ FORMS FROM FELSIC MAGMA INTRUSIVE
  IGNEOUS ROCK
• COARSE GRAINED
• CONTAIN QUARTZ, FELDSPAR, MICA AND HORNEBLENDE
• LIGHT COLORED FROM WHITE TO GRAY TO PINK
• ______________ FINER GRAINED
• _____________ FINEST GRAINED, FLOATS ON WATER
• ______________ GLASSY TEXTURE

17
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• ______________ MAFIC ROCK
• DARK COLOR, DENSE
• CONTAIN PYROXENE, OLIVINE, PLAGIOCLASE FELDSPAR
• COARSE GRAINED, VERY DARK
• _____________ FINE GRAINED
• _____________ FINEST GRAINED

18
IGNEOUS ROCKS

• DIORITE INTERMEDIATE COMPOSITION (IN BETWEEN
  GRANITES AND GABBROS)
• COLORS MEDIUM GRAYS AND GREENS
• ____________ A ROCK MASS THAT FORMS WHEN MAGMA
  COOLS INSIDE THE EARTH
• REACHES THE EARTHS SURFACE AFTER UPLIFT
• _____________ LARGEST OF ALL PLUTONS FORM THE
  CORES OF MANY MOUNTAINS

19
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• CLASTIC ________________________
• ________________________________
• ______________ FORMED FROM MINERALS THAT
  PRECIPITATE OUT OF SOLUTION
• ORGANIC ______________________
• _________________________________
• _________________________________

20
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
21
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
22
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• CLASTIC ROCKS
• _________________
• _________________
• _________________
• _________________
• COARSE TO FINE GRAINED, CEMENTED TOGETHER, GRAY
  TO WHITE, RED, BROWN OR RUST IN COLOR

23
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• CHEMICAL ROCKS
• ____________________
• ____________________
• ____________________
• FINER GRAINED, GRAY OR TAN, COMPACT AND DENSE

24
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• ORGANIC
• _____________________
• _________________
• __________________________________
• LIMESTONE FORMS FROM CALCITE
• COAL FORMS FROM CARBON FROM THE FOSSILIZED
  REMAINS OF PLANTS

25
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

• STRATIFICATION VISIBLE LAYERS IN THE ROCK
• RESULTS FROM THE LAYERS OF SEDIMENTS DEPOSITED ON
  THE FLOOR OF THE OCEAN OR LAKE
• FOSSILS ARE OFTEN FOUND IN SEDIMENTARY ROCK

26
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

• __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __THE PRESSURE COMES FROM THE WEIGHT OF THE
  OVERLYING ROCK
• HEAT COMES FROM THE EARTHS INTERIOR
• TWO TYPES REGIONAL AND LOCAL

27
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

• REGIONAL OCCURS DURING MOUNTAIN BUILDING
• LOCAL
• CONTACT OCCURS WHEN HOT MAGMA MOVES INTO ROCK
  HEATING AND CHANGING IT
• DEFORMATIONAL OCCURS AT RELATIVELY LOW TEMPS AND
  HIGH PRESSURES CAUSES ROCK TO DEFORM

28
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

• CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE PARENT ROCK, MINERAL
  CONTENT, TEXTURE
• FOLIATION THE TENDENCY OF THE ROCK TO FORM
  PARALLEL LAYERS

29
METAMORPHIC ROCKS