Title: PHY138 Waves Lecture 9 Quarter Review, including:
1PHY138 Waves Lecture 9Quarter Review,
including
- Simple Harmonic Motion Force, Energy
- Mass on spring / Pendulum
- Damped Oscillations, Resonance
- Traveling Waves, Power and Intensity
- Standing Waves, Interference, Beats
- Ray Model of Light, Ray-Tracing
- Reflection, Refraction of Light
2Tomorrow evening, 600 PM
- It is mandatory that you go to the room assigned
to your tutorial group. - You should have no communication device (phone,
pager, etc.) within your reach or field of vision
during the test. - The test has eight equally weighted
multiple-choice questions (8 marks each). - The test has one multi-part problem counting for
36 marks show your work.
3Dont forget
- Your student card.
- A non-programmable calculator without text
storage and communication capability. - A single original, handwritten 22 28 cm sheet
of paper on which you have written anything you
wish on both sides. We will supply any numerical
constants you might need. - A dark-black, soft-lead 2B or 2HB pencil with an
eraser.
4Some more words to the wise
- A good aid-sheet is well organized, easy to read,
and contains all the major equations from the
assigned sections from the reading. - Copies of detailed specific problem solutions are
unlikely to help. - Be ready to think get a good nights sleep
tonight. - Keep in mind Your best 3 out of 4 tests will
count for 30 of your mark in the course.
5The Eye
6Mass on Spring versus Pendulum
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914.7 Damped Oscillations
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11Snapshot Graph
12History Graph
13Sinusoidal Wave Snapshot Graph
- k 2p/? is the wave number
14Sinusoidal Wave History Graph
- ?2p/T is the angular frequency
15Sound Waves can be described either by the
longitudinal displacement of the individual
particles, or by the air or fluid pressure.
16Electric and Magnetic fields, when oscillated,
can create waves which carry energy. At certain
frequencies, we see electro-magnetic waves as
Light.
17Power and Intensity
- The Power, P, of any wave source is how much
energy per second is radiated as waves units
Watts - The Intensity, I, is the energy rate per area.
This determines how loud (sound) or bright
(light) the wave is. - IP/a, where a is an area perpendicular to the
wave direction. - At a distance r from a small source, the
intensity is IP/(4pr2)
18Doppler Effect
19Principle of Superposition
- If two or more waves combine at a given point,
the resulting disturbance is the sum of the
disturbances of the individual waves. - Two traveling waves can pass through each other
without being destroyed or even altered!
20Standing Wave
The superposition of two 1-D sinusoidal waves
traveling in opposite directions.
21Harmonic frequencies of Standing Waves
- Transverse standing wave on a string clamped at
both ends there are nodes in displacement at
both ends.
Standing sound wave in a tube open at both ends
there are nodes in pressure both ends.
22Wave Interference
- Two waves moving in the same direction with the
same amplitude and same frequency form a new wave
with amplitude
where a is the amplitude of either of the
individual waves, and is their phase
difference.
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24Beat frequency
- Beats are loud sounds separated by soft sounds
- The beat frequency is the difference of the
frequencies of the two waves that are being added
- The frequency of the actual sound is the average
of the frequencies of the two waves that are
being added
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26The Law of Reflection
27Snells Law of Refraction
28Total Internal Reflection
- Can only occur when n2ltn1
- ?c critical angle.
- When ?1 ?c, no light is transmitted through the
boundary 100 reflection
29Virtual Image Formation by Reflection
30Virtual Image Formation by Refraction
31Real Image Formation with a Converging Lens
Focal length, f
Real Image (inverted)
Object