Research

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Evolution of the COOL room
Many people Rutgers University Coastal
Ocean Observation Lab
Research http//marine.rutgers.edu/cool
Operations Center http//www.thecoolroom.org
K-12 Education http//coolclassroom.org
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A Coastal Observatory 1993
Continuous Sampling on the New Jersey
Shelf Began in 1993
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A field station an environmental impact report
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LEO 15 Fiber Optic Cable 11 tons, 10 km
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Lesson The importance of having a continuous
picture to the sea
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Marine Remote Sensing Webpage Starting 1994
(We werent even COOL yet!)
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How do we archive and distribute the data?
Initial data distribution - Duck Field Research
Facility model. - Monthly reports
summarizing the data on an FTP site. A new
approach to data distribution - Keith Bedford
(Ohio State University) approached us with a
concept known as the
world wide web. - He claimed he could get 30
hits a month!
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Where did we go?
Satellites CODAR Node/Moorings Ships/AUVs Gliders
Sustained
1998-2001
Integrated
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30 X 30 km LEO CPSE An Integrated Observatory
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New Jersey Coastal Upwelling
Barnegat
Cape May
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Seasonal temperature variation is the primary
signal. Summer upwelling is 2nd
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Hypoxia/Anoxia Bottom Bathymetry
Warsh NOAA 1989
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Modeled Effect of Bathymetric Variability on
Upwelling
1 m/s current velocity
Along shore subsurface deltas cause upwelling to
be 3d, not 2d.
North
wind

Barnegat delta
LEO delta
Cape May delta
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Courtesy of Hans Graber, Rich Garvine, Bob Chant,
Andreas Munchow, Scott Glenn and
Mike Crowley
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Month Long Experimental Effort
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Atmosphere/Ocean Physical/Biological Forecast
Models
Operational Low-Res COAMPS Atmospheric Model
Experimental High-Res RAMS Atmospheric Model
Air-Sea Interaction Model
ROMS Ocean Model (KPP and MY 2.5 Turbulent
Closure)
Bottom Boundary Layer Model
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2001 Real-time Ensemble Forecasts
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Atmosphere/Ocean Physical/Biological Forecast
Models
Operational Low-Res COAMPS Atmospheric Model
Experimental High-Res COAMPS Atmospheric Model
Air-Sea Interaction Model
ROMS Ocean Model (KPP and MY 2.5 Turbulent
Closure)
Bottom Boundary Layer Model
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Visualization Year 1
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Visualization Year 2
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Visualization Year 3
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Forecast Real-Time Ensemble Validation
Thermistor

• In an observationally rich
• environment, ensemble forecasts
• can be compared to real-time data
• to assess which model is closer to reality
• and try to understand why.

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Hindcast sensitivity studies
Measured
Total Chlorophyll Measured 3-5 mg Chl a m-3
Diatom Chlorophyll Modeled 2-3 mg Chl a m-3
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The COOLroom Operational Collaboratory
COOLroom Skunk Works Model
COOLroom War Room Model
Evaluate Radical Collocation in the COOLroom to
improve Virtual Collocation Systems.
Provide guidance for the Regional Collaboratory
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Adaptive Sampling with Aircraft Sensors
Spectral Technology Innovation Research SPECTIR
NOAA Citation PHILLS II
NASA AVIRIS
Antanov NRL PHILLS
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Adaptive Sampling with REMUS AUVs
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AUV underwater after being deployed
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Cross-shelf REMUS ADCP Transect
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Ship-to-Shore Communications
Towed Instruments
Profiling Instruments
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Shipboard surveys
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POC represents potentially 182 µmol
oxygen/kg. Coastal upwelling can account for the
oxygen Depletion.
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Red Tide Observed at 790 nm on 22 July 2000 With
the PHILLS Sensor
100 meters
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Bioluminescence Potential
1e6
4e10
Photons/sec/ml
0
6
12
Depth (m)
18
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a
0
1.0
2.0
Distance (km)
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Ship Grid Patterns
BL Isosurfaces
1E10 ph/s/35L
0
3E11 ph/s/.35L
Depth (m)
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Latitude (5km)
Longitude (2km)
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BL Isosurfaces
5E10ph/s/.35L
1E11ph/s/.35L
Depth (m)
Latitude (300m)
Longitude (500m)
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OUTREACH
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What did we learn about adaptive
sampling? Forecasts depend on more than the
Initial Conditions Similar
sensitivities to Surface Forcing and Turbulent
Closure, Upstream data may be
sufficient for other uncertainties to
dominate. Gap between the scales resolved and
the scales required. Requests were often
for specific sites or smaller scale
processes. Typical questions Where are the
fronts? Which way are they moving?
Which way is upstream? Whats
happening below the surface? There were a lot
more needs to satisfy than keeping the model on
track. Physical model guidance was most valuable
the day before. Coupled biological model results
has similar sensitivities to uncertainties in
advection and transformation processes. Need to
expand the reach of remote sensing and adaptive
sampling platforms.
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Where we do go from here?
The very few existing time-series stations paint
a compelling picture of important oceanic changes
in physics, chemistry and biology. Yet these
stations capture the time domain at only a single
point. New strategies for observing the
appropriate spatial correlation are required.
-- Ocean Sciences at the New Millennium
Ocean Sciences Decadal Committee 2001
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New Jersey Shelf Observing System (NJ-SOS)
300 X 300 km NJSOS An Integrated Sustained
Observatory
Satellites,
RADAR, Gliders
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Where do we go from here?
Satellites CODAR Node/Moorings Ships/AUVs Gliders
Sustained
2001?
Integrated
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Center for Advanced and Sustained
Technologies (COOL-CAST) Director Josh Kohut
The metric for success -Spatial time series data
247 in real-time to scientists, industry, and
society -Evolve the technologies and develop the
yet to exist data products that society
needs -Engage the public in the excitement of
discovery of the oceans and science
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Operational Data Distribution Route Map
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Satellites
Water mass classification (Blooms vs Rivers)
Objective Gradient and Frontal Boundaries
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A)
B)
C)
D)
F)
0
CDOM
Depth (m)
E)
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202
214
Julian Day
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International Constellation of Ocean Color
Satellites
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New algorithms (new products, water mass
discrimination)
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HF RADARS
Standard Range (25 MHz) - range 40km -
resolution 1km Medium-range (13 MHz) -
range 70km - resolution 3km Long-range
(5MHz) - range 200km - resolution 6km
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Nested Multi-Static CODAR Array
Beach
Buoys
Boats
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Spatial Maps 10/16/2002 0700 GMT
1002 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/16/2002 1500 GMT
991 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/16/2002 1800 GMT
989 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/17/2002 0000 GMT
992 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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The platforms Gliders are operational tools
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A YEAR IN THE LIFE OF THE MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT
Jun. 04
Feb. 04
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Nov. 03
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Jun. 04
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Dec. 03
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Apr. 04
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May. 04
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Feb. 04
Oct. 04
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NJSOS Endurance Line Seasonal Cross-Shelf
Optical Backscatter Transects
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STORMS
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Rutgers Coastal Observatory Provide a
Long-term Shelf-Wide Context for High
Resolution Nested Process Studies
SW06
LaTTE
LEO
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Lessons Learned by Fall 2005
People trained in operations of advanced
observing systems are key. At present There are
insufficient numbers for operations to up with
technology advances. Training programs like
Rutgers masters in operational Oceanography need
support for students.
Sustained operations are possible, but sustained
funding is not available. Requires Observatories
to diversify support and rely on many small
grants.
Sustained shelf-scale provides context for
short-term focused process studies by several
teams of scientists.
An operations center can support several
experiments simultaneously.
Sustained observatory is a test bed for
technology development. This provides a
significant portion of the support.
Relocatable assets developed and tested in the
observatory are valuable to BOTH scientific and
applied projects worldwide.
Joint exercises with Navy operations are
demonstrated, including training of Navy
personnel and use of Navy platforms
Communication between ships at sea and shore labs
via the internet has had demonstrated successes
but needs improvement
Cost to maintain is small compared to shipboard
and buoy programs
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Conclusions as of Fall 2005
Several enabling technologies are they
key Satellites International constellation
increases temporal resolution for ocean color.
Key product Water mass tracking relying on both
SST and ocean color especially on continental
shelves. CODARS possible to operate as large
nested networks. Key product Lagrangian trajector
ies and short term forecasts especially on
continental shelves. Gliders Operate in
coordinated fleets for sustained periods, during
storms and In multiple locations. Key product
Combined subsurface physical/optical sections.
1 1 3 scenario can be sustained in an
operational center that supports Multiple
projects simultaneously
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Dawn in the age of observatories
I walk into our control room, with its panoply
of views of the sea. There are the updated global
pictures from the remote sensors on satellites,
there the evolving maps of subsurface variables,
there the charts that show the position and
status of all our Slocum scientific platforms,
and I am satisfied that we are looking at the
ocean more intensely and more deeply than anyone
anywhere else. Henry Stommel