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ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND INFLAMMATION
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tab/ncpcardio0074_F2.html
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Oxidized LDLs
Proinflammatory cytokines
IL-1ß
TNF-a
Induce VCAM-1 expression
? in mononuclear phagocyte accumulation
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LDL from circulation enters the arterial wall
LDL is oxidized
Oxidized LDL stimulates overlying endothelial
cells
Endothelial cells express cell adhesion molecules
(VCAM-1)
VCAM-1 binds circulating monocytes
Monocytes migrate into arterial wall following
chemoattractants (MCP-1 IL-8)
Monocytes mature into macrophages
Macrophages express scavenger receptors
Scavenger receptors bind oxidized or glycalated
LDL
Macrophages phagocytose oxidized LDL
Macrophages become foam cells
Macrophages secrete growth factors and cytokines
Fatty streak
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MMP
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? endothelial relaxing factors (i.e., NO)
? endothelial contracting factors (i.e.,
endothelin-1, ANG II or both)
production of numerous chemo-attracting molecules
endothelial dysfunction
activated leukocytes tether and roll along
dysfunctional sites
leukocytes diapedese into subendothelial
compartment
Vasculature becomes susceptible to inflammation
and formation of atheromas
CRP is a marker
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