Plastic Surgery

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Plastic Surgery

• By Jared LePage

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Outline

• What some of the procedures are.
• What the risks of the procedures are.
• What happens and how they do the surgery.
• What will you look like afterwards.
• Rhinoplasty
• Botox injections
• Botox parties
• Liposuction
• Chemical peels

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Top Cosmetic Procedures
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Rhinoplasty

• Rhinoplasty or plastic surgery of the nose, is
  one of the most common procedures.
• Rhinoplasty can reduce or increase the size of
  your nose, change the shape of your nose, or the
  shape of your nostrils.
• It may also correct birth defects, injuries, or
  breathing problems.
• There are minor and infrequent complications
  including infections, nosebleeds, and small burst
  of blood vessels that look like little red spots
  on your skin and may be permanent.
• It is performed under local or general
  anesthesia. Local the patient is awake. But
  lightly sedated and general the patient is
  asleep during the procedure.

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The Rhinoplasty Surgery

• Rhinoplasty takes about one to two hours. During
  the surgery the skin of the nose is separated
  from the bone and the cartilage. The bone and
  cartilage is then sculpted to the desired shape
  of the nose and the skin is replaced over the new
  nose.
• Incisions are made inside the
• Nostrils or at the base of the nose,
• Providing access to the cartilage
• And bone, which can then be sculpted.

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• If a patient has a hump or a wide nose bridge
  then the hump will be removed using a chisel and
  then the surgeon brings the nasal bones together
  to narrow the bridge.
• If the nostrils are too wide, the
• surgeon can remove small
• wedges of skin and bring the
• nose closer together.

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Botox The fountain of Youth

• Botox is the brand name for Botulinum toxin type
  A. It is a protein produced by the bacterium
  clostridium botulinum, which contains the same
  toxin that cause food poisoning. It partially
  blocks the nerve to the injected muscle. It take
  about 3-5 days to notice the effect and will last
  for 4-6 months.
• Botox blocks the release of a chemical called
  acetylcholine by nerve cells that signal muscle
  contraction. By blocking the muscles ability to
  contract existing frown lines are smoothed out
  and are invisible in a week.

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• Botox injections work best on the upper part of
  the face. Forehead lines, wrinkles between the
  eyebrows and lines around the eyes(crows feet)
  respond good to Botox. Frown lines below the
  mouth and chin creases may also be improved by
  Botox.
• The injections to the face are painful and cause
  bleeding and bruising. If Botox goes to the wrong
  muscle, drooping of the eyelid or unevenness of
  the eyebrows may develop.

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• Botox is the fastest growing cosmetic
  procedure, in 2001 botox use increased 46 from
  2000.
• It was first approved in 1989 to treat
  uncontrollable eye blinking and misaligned eyes
• Botox can be repeated when the effect wear off in
  4 to 6 months. The injections cost on average
  400 and isnt covered by insurance.
• Since Botox has become so popular there are Botox
  parties. What a botox party is a seminar on
  plastic surgery and a social gathering where food
  and drinks are served. One person at a time will
  go into a private room and receive a Botox shot.
• The doctor can buy the Botox in bulk, which
  reduces the price at these parties and the
  socializing helps reduce anxiety.

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Liposuction

• Liposuction is a procedure that can help remove
  unwanted fat from the body. There are many
  different techniques that work, but it is not a
  substitute for diet and exercise.
• There are several different types of anesthesia
  local, regional, and general. It depends on the
  amount of fat removed.
• Liposuction is the procedure in which localized
  deposits of fats are removed to shape the area.
  The surgeon will make a tiny incision and insert
  a narrow tube also called a cannula and it is
  used to vaccum the layers of fat underneath the
  skin.

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• The cannula is pushed through the layer of fat
  which breaks up the fat cells than pulls it out
  which suctions the fat cells out.
• Fluids are suctioned out along with the fat so it
  is very important to to replace lost fluids to
  avoid shock during surgery. To prevent this the
  patient is monitored and receives intravenous
  fluids during surgery.
• In Tumescent liposuction, the most common
  performed, a medicated solution is injected into
  the fatty areas before the fat is removed.

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• Ultrasound-assisted Lipoplasty(UAL) is a
  technique that uses a less fluid and use of a
  special cannula that produces ultrasonic energy.
  When the tube is pushed through the areas of fat,
  the energy explodes the walls of the fat cells
  causing the fat to turn into liquid and then it
  is removed.

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Chemical Peel

• Chemical peel uses a chemical solution to improve
  and smooth the texture of the skin on the face by
  removing its damaged outer layers. It helps
  people with blemish and wrinkles and uneven skin
  pigmentation.
• Alphahydroxy acids (AHAs), is the mildest peel
  and it smoothes rough dry skin and helps sun
  damaged skin and acne.
• Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is another peel that
  is a little bit stronger than AHA, it removes
  fine wrinkles and blemishes.
• Phenol is the strongest chemical peel it corrects
  blotches, smoothes out coarse wrinkles, and
  removes pre-cancerous growths.

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• AHA and TCA take about 15 minutes, and healing is
  quick.
• Phenol peels take about a hour or two, and they
  take several months to heal,but the results are a
  lot more dramatic and longer-lasting.
• Chemical peels can cause stinging, redness,
  irritation, infection , and scaring. Infection
  and scaring are very infrequent but are still a
  possibility.

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Summary

• Plastic surgery is real surgery just because it
  is an elected surgery doesnt mean that there
  arent risk involved.
• You have to have realistic results for the
  surgery.
• One of the best things plastic surgery does for a
  person is boost there self confidence
• Rhinoplasty can give you a desired shape of your
  nose.
• Botox can help reduce wrinkles.
• Liposuction does shape your body and gives the
  patient desired results but it isnt a substitute
  of diet and exercise.
• Chemical peels can cause reduces wrinkles and
  blemishes.

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Bibliography

• Gulevich, Dr. Steven, open for business
  Colorado Botox Clinic online
  http//member.aol.com/_ht_a/botoxclinic/myhompepag
  e/business.html
• Lewis, Carol, Botox Cosmetic A look at looking
  good online http//www.fda.gov/fdac/features/20
  02/402_botox.html
• Rao, Ely, and Hoffman, Death Related to
  Liposuctiononline http//content.nejm.org/cgi/c
  ontent/full/340/19/1471
• Plastic Surgery information service, online
  http//www.plasticsurgery.org
• Chicago society of plastic surgeons, online
  http//chicagosocietyofplasticsurgeons.com
• Plastic Surgery, online http//www.plasticsurger
  y.ca